scholarly journals Anxiety, obsession and fear from coronavirus in Indian population: a web-based study using COVID-19 specific scales

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Srivastava ◽  
Renu Bala ◽  
Anoop K. Srivastava ◽  
Anuj Mishra ◽  
Rafat Shamim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Effect ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation

Background: The mental health and well-being have been severely impacted by the COVID-19 crisis. People are distressed due to the immediate impacts as well as the consequences of physical isolation, which could have lasting effect on overall well-being. The study aimed to assess the psychological effect of the pandemic on the general population of India using COVID-19 specific scales.Method: An online, cross-sectional study was conducted from 20th June 2020 to 4th July 2020 on persons of both sexes and aged 18 years or more. A convenient sampling method was used for recruiting participants. An online Google form was designed and distributed using social media platforms. The psychological effect of the pandemic was assessed using validated scales of coronavirus anxiety scale, obsession with COVID-19 scale, and fear of COVID-19 scale respectively.Result: The study received responses from 2004 participants from 31 states and union territories of India. The overall prevalence of psychological disorder due to COVID-19 was 53.3% (n=1068). The prevalence of anxiety was found to be 3.29% (n=66), obsession 13.47% (270) and fear 46.9% (1045). Around 2.8% (55) of the participants suffered from all three psychological disorders. Pearson correlation test showed a significant positive correlation between all the three psychological morbidities.Conclusions: The study findings showed high prevalence of mental health problems among Indian population during the COVID-19 outbreak with a positive correlation between them. 

scholarly journals “Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Nurses during Corona Lockdown in a Selected Teaching Hospital, Kaski, Nepal"

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna Silwal ◽  
Dipti Koirala ◽  
Sabita Koirala ◽  
Anju Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Medical College

Introduction: Mental health is as important as physical health to respond to COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic has increased social isolation and fear regarding health and well-being as well as a dilemma which can lead to mental health problems among general people and health workers.Thus the main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress among nurses working in a hospital of Nepal during the period of Corona lockdown. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 152 nurses working at Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre of Kaski district of Nepal. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic items and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-42) scale from 11 April to 18 April, 2020. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 applying descriptive statistics and inferential statistical method. Results: Respondent's mean age and SD was 24.09 + 3.19 years. The sample mean score of DASS-42 was 29.46 (SD 25.37). Depression, anxiety and stress were prevalent among 39.5%, 50% and 25.7% of the respondents respectively. There was significant association of depression with education level (χ2 =6.597; p=0.01) and working unit (χ2 =8.187; p=0.004). Anxiety was significantly associated with working unit (χ2 =6.973; p=0.008) and children status (χ2 =4.199; p=0.040). Stress was significantly associated with age (χ2 =4.906; p=0.027), working unit (χ2 =4.984; p=0.026) and children status (χ2 =5.653; p=0.017). Conclusion: Based on findings, it can be concluded that some degree of depression, anxiety and stress were prevalent among nurses during COVID-19 pandemic. Further assessment should be made to confirm the respective diagnoses. Stress and anxiety relieving sessions and psychological support programs may help for the nurses with higher than cut-offs.

scholarly journals Well-being and Mental Health Impact of Household Flooding in Guyana, the Caribbean

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muge Akpinar-Elci ◽  
Shanomae Rose ◽  
Michele Kekeh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Personal Behavior

AbstractGuyana has annually experienced excessive rainfall and flooding since 2005. This study investigated the general well-being and mental health problems among occupants of households affected by the December 2008 flooding in Guyana. A cross-sectional study design was used to administer validated questionnaires, which included sections on demographics, environmental exposure, general health, and personal behavior. The response rate to the survey was 70% (130/185). The findings indicate an increased self-reported poor health for study participants who smelled moldy odors inside of their home (OR: 4.1, 95% CI: 2.0‐12.0) and for individuals who had mold or mildew inside of their homes (OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.2‐7.5). Individuals whose homes had flooded previously were also shown to be slightly more at risk for experiencing diminished interest in daily activities (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 0.5‐2.9) as well as diminished involvement in social activities (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 0.7‐4.8). Also, participants who had their houses previously flooded reported an increased difficulty in concentrating (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 0.9‐6.4). Flooding might be a possible risk factor for well-being and mental health problems among the occupants of affected households.

scholarly journals Exploring Perceived Stress among Students in Turkey during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8961
Author(s):  
Imran Aslan ◽  
Dominika Ochnik ◽  
Orhan Çınar
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Health

Students have been highly vulnerable to mental health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic, and researchers have shown that perceived stress and mental health problems have increased during the pandemic. The aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence of perceived stress and mental health among students during the pandemic and to explore predictors of stress levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 358 undergraduates from 14 universities in Turkey, including 200 female students (56%). The measurements used in the study were the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Perception of COVID Impact on Student Well-Being (CI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Physical Activity Scale (PA), and a sociodemographic survey. Students reported high perceived stress, mild generalized anxiety, and low satisfaction with life. More than half of the students met the diagnostic criteria of GAD (52%) and depression (63%). Female and physically inactive students had higher PSS-10 levels. A hierarchical linear regression model showed that after controlling for gender and negative CI, anxiety and physical inactivity significantly predicted high perceived stress. The study shows that students’ mental health during the pandemic is at high risk.

The Influence of Religiosity and Spirituality on the Happiness, Optimism, and Pessimism of Brazilian Medical Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812110575
Author(s):  
Luciano Magalhães Vitorino ◽  
Mariana Fernandes Cazerta ◽  
Natália Roriz Corrêa ◽  
Emanuelle dos Passos Foresto ◽  
Marcia Ap. F. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality

Background Mental health problems are very common among medical students, becoming a concern for health care professionals and educators. Despite the fact that there is a growing body of literature supporting the role of religiosity and spirituality (RS) on mental health and on positive psychology outcomes, little evidence is available among medical students, a population subjected to important distress. Aims This study aimed to investigate the role of RS on the levels of optimism, pessimism, and happiness among Brazilian medical students. Methods This is a cross-sectional study including medical students from the first to the eighth semester of a private medical school. The instruments used were: TOT-R for optimism and pessimism, Lyubomirsk and Lepper subjective happiness scale, and sociodemographic profile. The independent variables were Brazilian Portuguese Duke University Religiosity Scale for religiosity, Brief Spiritual Religious Coping (SRC) for negative and positive SRC; and Facit-Sp for spiritual well-being. Results A total of 353 medical students were included (response rate 97.51%). Higher levels of intrinsic religiosity and peace were associated with greater happiness and optimism. However, negative SRC was associated with lower levels of happiness and optimism and higher levels of pessimism. Conclusion Medical students tend to use their RS as a resource for dealing with the challenges of medical school, influencing their happiness and optimism. In this context, it seems that religiousness acts in two different ways, not only have positive but also negative outcomes among the participants.

scholarly journals Mental well-being of general population during COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-527
Author(s):  
Priyanka ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar Rasania
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
At Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has drastically affected the mental health of people worldwide, with emergence of new mental health problems and worsening of the existing ones. Objectives: This research was conducted with the objective to study the level of mental wellbeing among adult general population during COVID-19 pandemic in India and to identify the association of socio demographic factors with the level of mental wellbeing of study subjects. Methods: It was a community based online cross sectional study involving general population more than 18 years of age. Data collection was done by using a goggle form link which was circulated via online platforms. Data was analyzed using Microsoft excel and SPSS version 21. Qualitative data was expressed in proportions or percentages and quantitative data was expressed in mean and standard deviation. Chi square test and logistic regression analysis was done to find out association of demographic factors with mental wellbeing. Results: 58.4% subjects had normal mental wellbeing score while 25.1% were found to be at risk of developing psychological distress and 16.5% were at risk of depression. Lower wellbeing scores were significantly associated with younger (<36 years) as well as older age (>55 years), female gender, divorced or widowed, unemployed, businessmen and students. Lowe scores were also associated with increased consumption of alcohol and tobacco. Conclusion: A large proportion of study population had a poor mental wellbeing during the on-going COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals From Stress to Psychopathology: Relationship with Self-Reassurance and Self-Criticism in Czech University Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Kotera ◽  
Jaroslava Dosedlova ◽  
Denise Andrzejewski ◽  
Greta Kaluzeviciute ◽  
Makoto Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Transactional Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
As Stress

AbstractPsychological stress has become a major concern, potentially leading to diverse health problems including psychopathology such as depression and anxiety. Transactional Model of Stress and Coping is an established model, conceptualizing stressful experiences via person–environment relationship. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the pathway from stress to depression/anxiety, with a focus on self-criticism (inadequate-self and hated-self) and self-reassurance (reassured-self) in Czech students who suffered from high prevalence of mental health problems. Convenience sample of 119 undergraduates completed the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 and the Forms of the Self-Criticizing/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale. Correlation and path analyses were conducted. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines were used to aid an accurate and complete report of the study. Depression, anxiety, and stress were positively associated with inadequate-self and hated-self while negatively associated with reassured-self. Both inadequate-self and hated-self partially mediated the stress–depression and stress–anxiety relationships, whereas reassured-self only partially mediated the stress–depression relationship. Inadequate-self had greater impact on the stress–depression/anxiety pathways than hated-self and reassured-self. Findings indicate that clinical treatment may benefit from targeting the feelings of inadequacy to prevent stress progressing to psychopathology. This is particularly relevant as stress levels are rising globally. Our findings offer developments to the Transactional Model, and help practitioners and educators identify solutions to protect mental health of Czech university students.

scholarly journals Media consumption and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown: a UK cross-sectional study across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth D Neill ◽  
Carolyn Blair ◽  
Paul Best ◽  
Emily McGlinchey ◽  
Cherie Armour
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longitudinal Data Collection

Abstract Aim As individuals adjust to new ‘norms’ and ways of living during the COVID-19 lockdown, there is a continuing need for up-to-date information and guidance. Evidence suggests that frequent media exposure is related to a higher prevalence of mental health problems, especially anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to determine whether COVID-19 related media consumption is associated with changes in mental health outcomes. Methods This paper presents baseline data from the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study. The cross-sectional study data was collected using an online survey following the Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), with some other basic information collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the influence of socio-demographic and media specific factors on anxiety and depression. Results The study suggested that media usage is statistically significantly associated with anxiety and depression on the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales with excessive media exposure related to higher anxiety and depression scores. Conclusion This study indicated that higher media consumption was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression. Worldwide it should be acknowledged that excessive media consumption, particularly social media relating to COVID-19, can have an effect on mental health. However, as this was a cross-sectional study we cannot infer any directionality as we cannot infer cause and effect; therefore, future research involving longitudinal data collection and analyses of variables over time is warranted.

scholarly journals Line managers’ hiring intentions regarding people with mental health problems: a cross-sectional study on workplace stigma

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106955
Author(s):  
Kim M E Janssens ◽  
Jaap van Weeghel ◽  
Carolyn Dewa ◽  
Claire Henderson ◽  
Jolanda J. P. Mathijssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Job Applicants ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Line Managers ◽  
Job Applicant ◽  
Workplace Stigma

ObjectivesStigma may negatively affect line managers’ intention to hire people with mental health problems (MHP). This study aims to evaluate line managers’ knowledge and attitudes concerning job applicants with MHP, and to assess which factors are associated with the intention (not) to hire an applicant with MHP.MethodsA sample of Dutch line managers (N=670) filled out a questionnaire on their knowledge, attitudes and experiences concerning applicants/employees with MHP. Descriptive analyses and multiple regression analyses were used.ResultsThe majority (64%) was reluctant to hire a job applicant with MHP, despite the fact that only 7% had negative and 52% had positive personal experiences with such employees. Thirty per cent were reluctant to hire an applicant if they knew the applicant had past MHP. Associated with higher reluctance to hire an applicant with MHP were the concerns that it will lead to long-term sickness absence (β (95% CI)=0.39 (0.23 to 0.55)), that the employee cannot handle the work (β (95% CI)=0.16 (0.00 to 0.33)) that one cannot count on the employee (β (95% CI)=0.41 (0.23 to 0.58)) and higher manager education level (β (95% CI)=0.25 (0.05 to 0.44)). Conversely, associated with positive hiring intentions was being in favour of diversity and/or inclusive enterprise (β(95% CI)=−0.64 (−0.87 to −0.41)).ConclusionsAs the majority of managers were reluctant to hire applicants with MHP, and even 30% were reluctant to hire applicants who had past MHP, these findings have major implications for social inclusion in the Netherlands, where about 75% of employees would disclose MHP at work.

scholarly journals Public Concerns during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Multicultural Cross-Sectional Study among Internet Survey Respondents in Three Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1577
Author(s):  
Alona Emodi-Perlman ◽  
Ilana Eli ◽  
Nir Uziel ◽  
Joanna Smardz ◽  
Anahat Khehra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Culturally Different ◽  
Patient Health

(1) Background: this study aimed to evaluate the worries, anxiety, and depression in the public during the initial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown in three culturally different groups of internet survey respondents: Middle Eastern (Israel), European (Poland), and North American (Canada). (2) Methods: a cross-sectional online survey was conducted in the mentioned countries during the lockdown periods. The survey included a demographic questionnaire, a questionnaire on personal concerns, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). A total of 2207 people successfully completed the survey. (3) Results: Polish respondents were the most concerned about being infected. Canadian respondents worried the most about their finances, relations with relatives and friends, and both physical and mental health. Polish respondents worried the least about their physical health, and Israeli respondents worried the least about their mental health and relations with relatives and friends. Canadian respondents obtained the highest score in the PHQ-4, while the scores of Israeli respondents were the lowest. (4) Conclusions: various factors should be considered while formulating appropriate solutions in emergency circumstances such as a pandemic. Understanding these factors will aid in the development of strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of stress, social isolation, and uncertainty on the well-being and mental health of culturally different societies.

scholarly journals Experience of stigma among mental health service users in Hong Kong: Are there changes between 2001 and 2017?

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka-Fai Chung ◽  
Samson Tse ◽  
Chit-Tat Lee ◽  
Michael Ming-Cheuk Wong ◽  
Wing-Man Chan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over Time

Background: Public expenditure on mental health education has grown exponentially in the past two decades. Does the experience of stigma among people with mental health problems improve over time? Our study aims to compare the levels of perceived stigmatization, rejection experiences and stigma–coping among mental health service users in Hong Kong between 2001 and 2017 using longitudinal and repeated cross-sectional study design. Method: The baseline survey was completed by 193 psychiatric outpatients in 2001. They were traced for re-assessment in 2017. Another sample of 193 outpatients matched in age, gender and psychiatric diagnosis was recruited in 2017 for cross-sectional comparison. Participants completed a 39-item questionnaire on stigma experiences, Beck Depression Inventory and Disability Assessment Schedule at both time points. Results: In total, 109 of 193 participants (56.5%) of the 2001 survey were re-assessed. No significant change in perceived stigmatization, rejection experiences and stigma–coping was found among the 109 participants interviewed in 2001 and 2017. For cross-sectional comparison, significant differences in two perceived stigma items were observed upon Bonferroni correction (chi-square test, p < .005) and remained significant after controlling for confounding factors by regression analysis. Improvements in perceived stigmatization were on marriage and friendship, while viewpoints on trustworthiness, dangerousness, devaluation, avoidance and personal failure remained unchanged, and there was no improvement in rejection experiences and stigma–coping. Conclusion: Positive attitude changes over time are unlikely to occur if there is no targeted intervention on stigma. Our findings highlight that evidence-based antistigma interventions are urgently needed.

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