scholarly journals Economic impact of COVID-19 on the Indian healthcare sector: an overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Divyanshu Shukla ◽  
Arvind Pradhan ◽  
Parul Malik
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Financial Centre ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Research Centres

A fearsome health calamity- the novel coronavirus of 2019 struck the world and created havoc with its rapid spread. Various countries got affected in terms of economic and other losses and the extent of impact depended on the pre-existing financial arrangement of the country and various other factors. Due to this outbreak, healthcare sector was one of the worst affected. Also, it needed most investment and had to respond quickly and effectively to manage this crisis. Among the countries affected, India- a financial centre with significant worldwide connectivity was impacted directly, leading to an imminent breakdown of economical markets. This paper tries to understand the different aspects of economic challenges faced by the Indian healthcare system and devise the possible measures to overcome the effect of COVID-19 pandemic in India. It analyses the short term and possible long-term impact of this pandemic on the health care sector of India in terms of efficiency and equity. The Indian Government had acted rapidly to allocate funds, resources and manpower. It announced relief packages for the marginalized communities and covered costs. Specific research centres in the country need to work to quickly mitigate any further damage.

Suspending Damage: A Letter to Communities

2009 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eve Tuck
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Open Letter ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Marginalized Communities ◽  
Long Term Impact

In this open letter, Eve Tuck calls on communities, researchers, and educators to reconsider the long-term impact of "damage-centered" research—research that intends to document peoples' pain and brokenness to hold those in power accountable for their oppression. This kind of research operates with a flawed theory of change: it is often used to leverage reparations or resources for marginalized communities yet simultaneously reinforces and reinscribes a one-dimensional notion of these people as depleted,ruined, and hopeless. Tuck urges communities to institute a moratorium on damage-centered research to reformulate the ways research is framed and conducted and to reimagine how findings might be used by, for, and with communities.

scholarly journals Outpatient management of heart valve disease following the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for present and future care

Heart ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (20) ◽  
pp. 1549-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoy Nalin Shah ◽  
Dominik Schlosshan ◽  
Hannah Zelie Ruth McConkey ◽  
Mamta Heena Buch ◽  
Andrew John Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Valve ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Valve Disease ◽  
Heart Valve Disease ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Future Care ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The established processes for ensuring safe outpatient surveillance of patients with known heart valve disease (HVD), echocardiography for patients referred with new murmurs and timely delivery of surgical or transcatheter treatment for patients with severe disease have all been significantly impacted by the novel coronavirus pandemic. This has created a large backlog of work and upstaging of disease with consequent increases in risk and cost of treatment and potential for worse long-term outcomes. As countries emerge from lockdown but with COVID-19 endemic in society, precautions remain that restrict ‘normal’ practice. In this article, we propose a methodology for restructuring services for patients with HVD and provide recommendations pertaining to frequency of follow-up and use of echocardiography at present. It will be almost impossible to practice exactly as we did prior to the pandemic; thus, it is essential to prioritise patients with the greatest clinical need, such as those with symptomatic severe HVD. Local procedural waiting times will need to be considered, in addition to usual clinical characteristics in determining whether patients requiring intervention would be better suited having surgical or transcatheter treatment. We present guidance on the identification of stable patients with HVD that could have follow-up deferred safely and suggest certain patients that could be discharged from follow-up if waiting lists are triaged with appropriate clinical input. Finally, we propose that novel models of working enforced by the pandemic—such as increased use of virtual clinics—should be further developed and evaluated.

Evaluation of stability and inactivation methods of SARS-CoV-2 in context of laboratory settings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Westhaus ◽  
Marek Widera ◽  
Holger F. Rabenau ◽  
Sebastian Hoehl ◽  
Denisa Bojkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Heat Inactivation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Uv C

SummaryThe novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the acute respiratory disease COVID-19, which has become a global concern due to its rapid spread. Laboratory work with SARS-CoV-2 in a laboratory setting was rated to biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) biocontainment level. However, certain research applications in particular in molecular biology require incomplete denaturation of the proteins, which might cause safety issues handling contaminated samples. In particular, it is critical to provide proof of inactivation before samples can be removed from the BSL-3.In this study, the stability of the virus in cell culture media at 4°C and on touch panel surfaces used in laboratory environment was analyzed. In addition, we evaluated common lysis buffers that are used in molecular biological laboratories for their ability to inactivate SARS-CoV-2. We have found that guanidine thiocyanate and most of the tested detergent containing lysis buffers were effective in inactivation of SARS-CoV-2, however, the M-PER lysis buffer containing a proprietary detergent failed to inactivate SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, we compared chemical and non-chemical inactivation methods including ethanol, acetone-methanol mixture, PFA, UV-C light, and heat inactivation.In conclusion, careful evaluation of the used inactivation methods are required and additional inactivation steps are necessary before removal of lysed viral samples from BSL-3.

scholarly journals The coronavirus in the MENA region: Enhancing turbulence or mitigating conflicts?

European View ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Magnus Norell
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Crisis Preparedness ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Regional Conflicts ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region in different ways, and the varying political structures, economic conditions and civil-crisis preparedness of the states in this region have resulted in it being handled in a variety of ways too. Even if it is difficult to assess how the crisis has affected the MENA region in more detail due to the region’s general volatility and ongoing conflicts in Libya and Syria, current trends have so far not shown a diminution in regional conflicts. Nor have the pandemic’s consequences in the Middle East lessened Europe’s problems with the region. Thus the article argues that COVID-19 has not really led to a decrease in the conflicts and wars plaguing the MENA region, and that, therefore, the effects for Europe—both short- and long-term—will still be felt, as existing problems will continue to affect Europe.

scholarly journals Pharmacotherapeutic approach toward urological medications and vaccination during COVID-19: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175628722110467
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Shafiekhani ◽  
Anahita Dehghani ◽  
Mina Shahisavandi ◽  
Seyed Ali Nabavizadeh ◽  
Maryam Kabiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Urologic Diseases ◽  
One Year ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Comprehensive Study

One year after the prevalence of the novel coronavirus pandemic, some aspects of the physiopathology, treatment and progression of coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) have remained unknown. Since no comprehensive study on the use of urological medications in patients with COVID-19 has been carried out, this narrative review aimed to focus on clinically important issues about the treatment of COVID-19 and urologic medications regarding efficacy, modifications, side effects and interactions in different urologic diseases. In this review, we provide information about the pharmacotherapeutic approach toward urologic medications in patients with COVID-19 infection. This study provides an overview of medications in benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer, impotence and sexual dysfunction, urolithiasis, kidney transplantation and hypertension as the most frequent diseases in which the patients are on long-term medications. Also, the effect of urologic drugs on the efficacy of vaccination is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals The effects of the clinical symptoms pneumonia-confirmation strategy of the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjin Wang ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Shudao Zhang ◽  
Hao Pan
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Basic Reproductive Number ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Wuhan City ◽  
Start Date ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Motivated by the quick control in Wuhan, China, and the rapid spread in other countries of COVID-19, we investigate the questions that what is the turning point in Wuhan by quantifying the variety of basic reproductive number after the lockdown city. The answer may help the world to control the COVID-19 epidemic. A modified SEIR model is used to study the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan city. Our model is calibrated by the hospitalized cases. The modeling result gives out that the means of basic reproductive numbers are 1.5517 (95% CI 1.1716-4.4283) for the period from Jan 25 to Feb 11, 2020, and 0.4738(95% CI 0.0997-0.8370) for the period from Feb 12 to Mar 10. The transmission rate fell after Feb 12, 2020 as a result of China’s COVID-19 strategy of keeping society distance and the medical support from all China, but principally because of the clinical symptoms to be used for the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) confirmation in Wuhan since Feb 12, 2020. Clinical diagnosis can quicken up NCP-confirmation such that the COVID-19 patients can be isolated without delay. So the clinical symptoms pneumonia-confirmation is the turning point of the COVID-19 battle of Wuhan. The measure of clinical symptoms pneumonia-confirmation in Wuhan has delayed the growth and reduced size of the COVID-19 epidemic, decreased the peak number of the hospitalized cases by 96% in Wuhan. Our modeling also indicates that the earliest start date of COVID-19 in Wuhan may be Nov 2, 2019.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact of Quarantine on Medical Students’ Mental Wellbeing and Learning Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (COVID19-S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Ayoub Meo ◽  
Dr Abdulelah Adnan Abukhalaf ◽  
Ali Abdullah Alomar ◽  
Kamran Sattar ◽  
David C Klonoff
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Learning Behaviors ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

Background and Objectives: The novel coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic causes great public health and socioeconomic harms. Worldwide many countries implemented quarantine policies to minimize the spread of this highly contagious disease. The present study aim was to investigate the impact of quarantine on the medical students’ mental wellbeing and learning behaviors. Methods: In this descriptive study, we used a questionnaire with a Five-Point Likert Scale to collect the information. The questionnaire was distributed among 625 medical students through their emails with a response rate of 530 (84.8%), majority 294 (55.47%) being female. The survey questionnaire consisted of total 20 items; 12 items were related to psychological wellbeing and stress-allied queries and 08 items were about learning behaviors. Results: The findings encompass two important characteristics related to quarantine, psychological wellbeing, and learning behaviors. A combined cohort of 234 medical students, either female or male, (which was 44.1% of the total responders) showed a sense of being emotionally detached from family, friends and fellow students, 125/ 530 (23.5%) medical students felt disheartened. Both female and male medical students showed a marked decrease in their overall work performance. Moreover, 56.2% of the total students (61.5% of the females and 49.5% of the males) felt a decrease in the time they spent studying. Conclusions: Both female and male medical students have identified that quarantine has caused them to feel emotionally detached from family, fellows, and friends and decrease their overall work performance and study period. The findings also show that one-fourth of the medical students who participated in this study felt disheartened during the quarantine period. The long-term quarantine due to COVID-19 pandemic may causes further worsening in the psychological and learning behaviors of these medical students. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2809 How to cite this:Meo SA, Abukhalaf AA, Alomar AA, Sattar K, Klonoff DC. COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact of Quarantine on Medical Students’ Mental Wellbeing and Learning Behaviors. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(COVID19-S4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2809 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Formulating a Scalable Approach to Patron-Requested Digitization in Archives

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S. Hawkins ◽  
Julie Judkins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Distance Travel ◽  
Long Distance Travel

The novel coronavirus of 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has forced archives to rethink their modes of providing access to physical collections. Whereas difficult copyright questions raised by reproducing items could previously be skirted by requiring researchers to work with materials in person, the long-term closure of reading rooms and decrease in long-distance travel mean that archives need a workflow for handling user digitization requests that is scalable and requires consulting only easily identifiable information and, assuming full reproduction is off the table, reproducing items in a collection under 17 U.S.C. § 108 or through a strategy of rapid risk assessment. There is a challenge in creating a policy that will work across different formats and genres of archival materials, so this article offers some suggestions for how to think about these parameters according to US copyright law and calls for a committee of experts to work out a model policy that could serve remote users of archival collections even after the COVID-19 crisis has passed.

scholarly journals Knowledge Hiding: One of the Primary Reasons behind the Rapid Spread of the Novel Coronavirus COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
Abraham Cyril Issac
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Tendency ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Cordon Sanitaire ◽  
Knowledge Hiding ◽  
Different Sources

Abstract The world is battling out the pandemic of Covid-19. The World Health Organization (WHO) is jointly acting upon the same daily, which is evident from the ‘situation reports.’ The pandemic, which saw its origin in Wuhan, has spread across the world within a short span of under two months. While the pandemic has effectively instilled a situation of cordon sanitaire across the globe, the virus seems to show no respite. This study collates different sources and establishes the human tendency of knowledge hiding as the prime reason for the spread of such colossal magnitudes. The study underlines the notion by examining some of the critical cases and situations that have unfolded in the very recent past.

scholarly journals Political Ideology and the Outbreak of COVID-19 in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

At the state level within the United States, did political ideology predict the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19)? Throughout March 2020, the United States became the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic, recording the most cases of any country worldwide. The current research found that, at the state level within the United States, more conservative political ideology predicted delayed implementation of stay-at-home orders and more rapid spread of COVID-19. Effects were significant across two distinct operationalizations of political ideology and held over and above relevant covariates, suggesting a potentially unique role of political ideology in the United States’ COVID-19 outbreak. Considering political ideological factors may offer valuable insights into epidemiological processes surrounding COVID-19.

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