Etiopathological study of pediatric neck masses in a rural population

Background: Neck mass in pediatric age group is a common clinical condition encountered by an ENT Specialist. Detailed clinical examination and knowledge of the common neck masses in children, which differ from those in adults is vital in early diagnosis and treatment. Diagnostic modalities such as Ultrasonography, Computerised Tomography, Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and histopathological examination aids in the diagnosis of superficial neck masses. The majority of neck masses in the pediatric population are congenital or inflammatory in origin and some are neoplastic. This study was conducted to establish the various causes of neck masses and the site of origin of neck masses in pediatric patients attending ENT OPD.Methods: 50 patients in the age group of 1 month to 18 years presenting with neck masses to the ENT OPD of Vinayaka Mission’s Medical College and Hospital, Karaikal were included in the study. This was a prospective study conducted for a period of 2 years. All the cases underwent FNAC. Biopsy and histopathological examination was done in cases where the cytological diagnosis was inconclusive. Results: Of the 50 cases clinically evaluated, 24 were lymph node swellings, 7 were thyroid swellings, 8 were salivary gland swellings, 10 were congenital neck swellings, with 1 swelling being due to other cause.Conclusions: Inflammatory swelling arising from the Lymph nodes were the commonest cause of neck swelling in pediatric patients. Neck swellings were located most commonly in the Submandibular triangle in the study.

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Enigma in the diagnosis of congenital neck masses: a prospective study

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20195708 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

Rajesh Radhakrishna Havaldar ◽

Anju Singh ◽

Priti S. Hajare ◽

Shama A. Bellad ◽

R. S. Mudhol

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Bronchogenic Cyst ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Neck Mass ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Duct Cyst ◽

Neck Masses ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Head and neck swellings are common in routine otorhinolaryngologic practice. This study was done to assess the incidence and varied presentation of different congenital neck swellings.Methods: Hospital based prospective study done in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology at a tertiary care hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 28 patients with slow, progressive neck swellings were selected after excluding thyroid swellings and acute inflammatory neck swellings. All patients had no other complaints. After a thorough clinical examination and investigations like ultrasonography, fine needle aspiration cytology and radiological examination, surgery was done, and specimens obtained were sent for histopathological examination. Patients were followed up to 1 year. Results: 28 patients with congenital neck mass were studied. 15 were thyroglossal cysts, 7 were branchial anomalies, 5 were dermoid cysts and 1 was bronchogenic cyst. The most frequent congenital neck mass was thyroglossal duct cyst and fistula (53.57%) followed by, in descending order, cysts and fistulas of the branchial apparatus (25%), dermoid cysts (17.85%) and bronchogenic cyst (3.5%) respectively.Conclusions: The overall presentation in terms of age group, location, incidence and clinical features of congenital neck swellings is an enigma to the treating surgeon as well as the pathologist. The prevalence varies largely among centres. A knowledge of the varied differential diagnosis of slow progressive masses in the neck should be kept in mind while planning the surgical procedure for total removal of the lesion to avoid recurrence.

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A Clinicopathological Study of Various Conjunctival Lesions in Children

International Journal of Advanced and Integrated Medical Sciences ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10050-10049 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 143-147

Author(s):

Juhi Goel ◽

Swapnila Prasad ◽

Ashutosh Dokania

Keyword(s):

Clinical Presentation ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Capillary Hemangioma ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Age Group ◽

Pediatric Age ◽

Medical College ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Clinicopathological Study

ABSTRACT Conjunctival cysts are of a common occurrence in clinical parlance. These tend to be mostly asymptomatic. However, the underlying cause may be vision threatening. Thus, we conducted a clinicohistopathological study of conjunctival cysts in pediatric age group who presented to our outpatient department in Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. The aim was to analyze the risk factors, clinical presentation, treatment modalities, and a certain type of cysts in order of their frequency. Significant history, detailed ocular examination, and relevant investigations that were carried out in 10 cases of conjunctival lesions were noted. The management was done and the histopathological examination (HPE) reports were charted. Despite a similar clinical presentation, HPE revealed varied diagnosis. These comprised choristomatous cysts (4), subconjunctival cysticercosis (2), inclusion cysts (2), inflammatory cyst (1), and capillary hemangioma (1). Conjunctival cysts are not just a cosmetic blemish. A detailed ocular examination, early diagnosis, and treatment can help prevent various vision-threatening complications. How to cite this article Goel J, Prasad S, Dokania A. A Clinicopathological Study of Various Conjunctival Lesions in Children. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2016;1(4):143-147.

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Moyamoya disease in pediatric patients: outcomes of neurosurgical interventions

Neurosurgical FOCUS ◽

10.3171/foc/2008/24/2/e16 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. E16 ◽

Cited By ~ 80

Author(s):

Anand Veeravagu ◽

Raphael Guzman ◽

Chirag G. Patil ◽

Lewis C. Hou ◽

Marco Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Moyamoya Disease ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Small Populations ◽

Age Group ◽

Radiological Findings ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Revascularization Procedures

✓Neurosurgical interventions for moyamoya disease (MMD) in pediatric patients include direct, indirect, and combined revascularization procedures. Each technique has shown efficacy in the treatment of pediatric MMD; however, no single study has demonstrated the superiority of one technique over another. In this review, the authors explore the various studies focused on the use of these techniques for MMD in the pediatric population. They summarize the results of each study to clearly depict the clinical outcomes achieved at each institution that had utilized direct, indirect, or combined techniques. In certain studies, multiple techniques were used, and the clinical or radiological outcomes were compared accordingly. Direct techniques have been shown to aid a reduction in perioperative strokes and provide immediate revascularization to ischemic areas; however, these procedures are technically challenging, and not all pediatric patients are appropriate candidates. Indirect techniques have also shown efficacy in the pediatric population but may require a longer period for revascularization to occur and perfusion deficits to be reversed. The authors concluded that the clinical efficacy of one technique over another is still unclear, as most studies have had small populations and the same outcome measures have not been applied. Authors who compared direct and indirect techniques noted approximately equal clinical outcomes with differences in radiological findings. Additional, larger studies are needed to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the different techniques for the pediatric age group.

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Evaluation of thyroid nodule in pediatric population in a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20193743 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 2152

Author(s):

Mukul Singh ◽

Manju Kumari

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Nodule ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Adult Population ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Thyroid Cytopathology ◽

Rule Out

Background: Thyroid nodules are commonly present in adult population but are rare in pediatric age group. Inspite of being rare, thyroid nodule have a higher chance of malignancy in children. Thus, pediatric patients presenting with thyroid nodule found clinically or incidentally should be worked up to rule out any possibility of malignancy. The besthesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (TBSRTC) is widely used for reporting in adults. The present study aims to use TBSRTC for pediatric thyroid lesions reporting.Methods: All pediatric patients with age ≤ 18 years presenting with thyroid nodule during January 2018 to April 2019 were included in the study, fine needle aspiration (FNA) was done and findings were compared with histology. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 18.Results: 42 pediatric patient were included in the study, out of which 2.38% were malignant and suspicious for nmalignant each and 83% were benign.Conclusion: TBSRTC is quite sensitive and specific reporting guideline in pediatric population as in adult population with 100% accuracy in diagnosing benign and malignant cases. This is useful for avoiding unnecessary surgeries.

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THE SPECTRUM OF MALIGNANT SOLID PEDIATRIC TUMORS IN THE AGE GROUP OF 0-18 YEARS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

10.36106/gjra/2800409 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Sandhya Bordia ◽

Praveen Kumar Jain*

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Pediatric Tumors ◽

Age Group ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Spindle Cell Neoplasm ◽

Medical College ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Solid Malignancies ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

A Prospective Study

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this prospective study is to study the spectrum of pediatric solid malignancies at our institution. METHOD: This study is under taken to evaluate the incidence and morphological features of solid malignant paediatric tumors in eighteen years and below. The material for present study is obtained from FNAC in cytology and biopsy specimen in histology department of RNT Medical college, Udaipur. RESULT: A total number 60 cases of malignant solid pediatric tumors of age group 0-18 years were diagnosed in Department of Pathology RNT Medical college Udaipur, during a period of two years. The number of malignancies diagnosed by Cytology accounted for 53.33% while Histopathology contributed 46.67% respectively. The male: Female ratio of childhood solid malignancies was 1.73:1. In malignant solid pediatric tumors CNS tumors were the commonest constituting 30% followed by Lymphoma 23.33%, Bone tumors 11.67% and neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma & spindle cell neoplasm 3.33% each. CONCLUSION: Our study concluded that solid malignant pediatric tumors contribute also a health problem in Udaipur region affecting all pediatric age group but more prevalent in the age group 6-10 years & 15-18 years.

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MRI Evaluation of Seizures in Pediatric Age Group Patients in a Rural Hospital of Central India

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i32b31759 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 167-172

Author(s):

Nishant Raj ◽

Rajasbala Pradeep Dhande

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Central India ◽

Febrile Seizures ◽

Rural Hospital ◽

Radiology Department ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Seizures are a common presenting complaint in pediatric patients. There are many underlying causes which may present as seizures in pediatric population, for example: febrile seizures, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, congenital malformations, certain neoplasms etc. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) plays a fundamental role in evaluation of these causes and is especially of use in identifying the structural lesions presenting as seizures. Objectives: To assess the role of MRI(1.5 Tesla) in evaluation pediatric seizures and to study spectrum of MRI findings associated with various causes. Methodology: A prospective study will be conducted at “Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi”, involving 138 pediatric patients coming to Radiology department. Results: After statistical analysis, we expect to find effectiveness of MRI in evaluation of pediatric seizures. Conclusion: In this study we expect to find usefulness of MRI as a diagnostic tool in assessment of pediatric seizures especially in those with structural lesions.

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Clinico-epidemiological study of genodermatoses in pediatric age group

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20195576 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Kalyan Dalave ◽

Mahendra Singh Deora ◽

Sonia Sabhandasani ◽

Pallavi Singh ◽

Alisha Mittal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Autosomal Dominant ◽

Genetic Diseases ◽

Clinical Information ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Age Group ◽

Systemic Involvement ◽

Medical College ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Epidemiological Trends

Background: Genetic diseases causing abnormalities in structure and/or function of skin are termed as genodermatoses. As there is paucity of epidemiological data of genodermatoses from our country, this study was conducted to determine the latest clinical and epidemiological trends of pediatric genodermatoses.Methods: A hospital-based observational study consisting of 35 clinically diagnosed pediatric genodermatoses cases, who reported to the Dermatology OPD, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, was conducted for a period of two years. Socio-demographic and clinical information was collected and clinical examination was performed on all patients to record any cutaneous/extra-cutaneous abnormality. The participants were then subjected to necessary investigations to elucidate the additional disease components. The data was evaluated using appropriate statistical methods.Results: Out of 4032 pediatric patients, 35 were found to have genodermatoses. Majority (57.14%) cases belonged to the first decade of life. There was no sexual predilection (male:female - 0.94:1). The commonest genodermatoses detected were neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis (17.14% each). Most common mode of inheritance seen was autosomal dominant (57.14%). Family history and consanguinity were recorded in 45.71% and 22.86% cases respectively. Café-au-lait macules seen in 22.86% cases and ocular anomalies recorded in 34.38% cases were the commonest cutaneous and extracutaneous manifestations, respectively.Conclusions: Genodermatoses are rare skin disorders with systemic involvement at times, resulting in poorer prognosis. This necessitates more focus on this speciality.

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Paranasal Mass in a Healthy Male Toddler

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/01455613211007944 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 014556132110079

Author(s):

Melonie Anne Phillips ◽

Meredith Lind ◽

Gerd McGwire ◽

Diana Rodriguez ◽

Suzanna Logan

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Age Group ◽

Significant Morbidity ◽

Healthy Male ◽

Neck Tumors ◽

Complete Surgical Resection ◽

Maxilla And Mandible ◽

Benign Mass

Head and neck tumors are rare in pediatric patients but should be kept in the differential when a patient presents with a new swelling or mass. One of these tumors is a myxoma, which is an insidiously growing, benign mass originating from the mesenchyme. They most commonly arise in the myocardium but can also develop in facial structures, particularly in the maxilla and mandible. When arising in facial structures, ocular, respiratory, and digestive systems can be affected based on local invasion. Complete surgical resection is curative but can lead to significant morbidity as well. Here, we present a case of a 15-month-old toddler presenting with a paranasal mass, which was ultimately diagnosed as a maxillary myxoma. This tumor is very rare in the pediatric population, especially in the toddler age-group, reminding clinicians to broaden the differential diagnosis when a patient’s course is atypical.

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Histopathological Analysis of Endometrial Biopsy in Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal

Journal of Gandaki Medical College-Nepal ◽

10.3126/jgmcn.v12i1.22608 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

B Parajuli ◽

G Pun ◽

S Ranabhat ◽

S Poudel

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Hydatidiform Mole ◽

College Teaching ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Age Group ◽

Medical College ◽

Dilatation And Curettage ◽

Partial Mole ◽

Proliferative Endometrium ◽

The Common

Objective: To study the spectrum of histopathological diagnosis of endometrial lesions and their distribution according to age. Methods: All the endometrium samples obtained by the procedure of dilatation and curettage and hysterectomy sent for histopathological examination at Pathology Department of Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal. The study duration was total 12 months ranging from July 2016 to June 2017. All the endometrial samples were processed, sectioned at 4 - 6 μm and stained with routine H & E stain. Patient’s data including age, sex, procedure of the biopsy taken and histopathological diagnosis were noted. A pathologist, using Olympus microscope, reported the slides. Cases were reviewed by a second pathologist whenever necessary. Results: A total of 128 cases were studied. The most common histopathological diagnosis was proliferative endometrium (28.9%) followed by disorder proliferative endometrium (15.65%). Most of the patients were in age group 36 - 45 years comprising 32.03%. Hydatidiform mole comprised of 7.03% and among Hydatidiform mole, partial mole was more common. Dilatation and curettage (82.8%) was the common procedure in compare to hysterectomy for the evaluation of endometrial lesions. Conclusions: In this study, we observed a variety of endometrial lesions. Most of them are benign; among benign, proliferative endometrium was the common histopathological diagnosis followed by disorder proliferative endometrium. Most common presenting age group was found to be at 36 - 45 years. In evaluation of hydatidiform mole, partial mole was more frequent in compare to complete mole. Conventional dilatation and curettage is the preferred method in developing countries with limited resource to screen endometrial lesion and therefore biopsy should be sent for histopathological examination. Thus histopathological examination of routinely stained hematoxylin and eosin is readily available and widely accepted standard technique for evaluation of the endometrial lesions.

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