Study of Seroprevalence of SARS CoV2 antibodies in children in a diagnostic centre of Central India-a retrospective study

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-180
Author(s):  
Ranjana Hawaldar ◽  
Sadhna Sodani ◽  
Varsha Sodani ◽  
R K Sodani
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Central India ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
True Incidence ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Us Fda ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Centre

It is said that children are less affected by SARSCoV2 infection because of their young immune system, so they have relatively milder symptoms as compared to adults. So the true incidence of SARSCoV2 is not known in this age group. Serosurveys in the paediatric age group can give a much better estimate of the incidence of SARSCoV2 infection in asymptomatic and symptomatic childrenThe present study was undertaken to study the seroprevalence of SARSCoV2 antibodies in children below 18 years of age, by measuring the S1RBD domain of spike protein neutralizing IgG antibody levels.This was a retrospective study carried out from August 2020 to August 2021 in a private diagnostic centre of Central India. 539 children of both genders from newborn babies upto 18 years of age were included in the study. US FDA Emergency Use Authorized [EUA], Atellica Solution SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay that detects anti S1-RBD antibodies including neutralizing IgG against SARS-CoV-2 was used for antibody estimation. Antibody level ≥1 was termed reactive or seropositive and below 1 were considered to be non reactive or seroneagtive There were 321 males and 218 females with a male to female ratio of 1.47 :1. 57% male children were seropositive while 61.9% female children showed seropositivity with an overall positivity rate of 58.99%.The findings of our study suggest that chidren below 5 years and adolescents exhibit higher antibody responses as compared to children between 5-10 years of age. The results of our study would be of help in formulating surveillance and vaccination strategies for children and in implementing public safety guidelines.

scholarly journals Septic arthritis of ankle joint in the paediatric age group: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 442
Author(s):  
Nasiur Rehman ◽  
Marcin Zgoda ◽  
Mohamed K. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Joint Aspiration ◽  
Paediatric Age

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Septic arthritis in paediatric age group poses a significant clinical problem. Common sites are hip and knee joint. There are several orthopaedic literatures available on septic arthritis of the hip and knee joint, however, literature on epidemiology, causative organisms and outcome of septic arthritis of the ankle are very few.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a retrospective study at a tertiary hospital with an aim to evaluate the incidence, causative pathogen, outcome and to identify differences, if any, between clinical features and laboratory findings of these patients when compared to those with hip and knee joint infection.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 47 children were diagnosed with septic arthritis, of which, 14 had septic arthritis of the ankle. Mean age was 5.2 years (8 months - 12 years). 13 children had undergone joint aspiration as a primary procedure. 50% (7) children had positive culture. <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> was the commonest causative organism in our cohort (29%) followed by <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Mean follow-up was 36 months (16 - 56 months). 13 children (93%) had good clinical outcome. 1 child developed early arthritis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Septic arthritis of the ankle is a serious condition. Even-though the joint is superficial, diagnosing it clinically can be difficult due to less pronounced symptoms. This can lead to delay in establishing the diagnosis and commencing treatment, hence, it is imperative to have a high index of suspicion. We found early joint aspiration followed by a course of antibiotics to be an effective regimen in management of this devastating condition.</p>

scholarly journals A Cross-sectional Serological Study for Measles among Italian Medical Students in 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 692-695
Author(s):  
Trabucco Aurilio Marco ◽  
I Iannuzzi ◽  
L Di Giampaolo ◽  
A Pietroiusti ◽  
C Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Levels

Background: Measles is an infectious disease and a major health concern worldwide. Among individuals with a higher risk of exposure to measles, there are the Health Care Workers (HCWs), who may transmit the virus to other people. According to the Italian National Plan for Immunization and Prevention, all HCWs should have presumptive evidence of immunity to measles (documented two doses of MMR vaccination) or serological evidence of protective antibodies. Aim: The study aims to evaluate the immunological status, the vaccine coverage, and the protective IgG antibody titre for measles in medical students of the teaching hospital PoliclinicoTor Vergata (PTV). Methods: IgG measles antibodies titre was evaluated in a sample of 461 medical students undergoing annual health surveillance visits from January 1st to May 31th, 2020. Results: 73.7% of medical students showed protective measles IgG antibody levels. The immunization rate was higher among subjects aged less than 25 years with respect to students aged over 25 years (77.4% vs. 66.4%; P <0,001). Furthermore, average antibody titre showed a statistically significant association with the age group (124,2 AU/ml for the age group 18-25 and 133,2 AU/ml among subjects aged 25 or more; P<0.001). Conclusion: Our study shows a non-protective measles IgG antibody titre, especially among the older students. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the serological levels, to vaccinate those subjects whose antibody level is not adequate, and promote the vaccination even in the general population.

scholarly journals A prospective study of intestinal obstruction in paediatric age group

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1979
Author(s):  
Amul Bhedi ◽  
Miten Prajapati ◽  
Arnab Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Intestinal obstruction can occur at any age in the paediatric population1-4. Bowel obstruction in children differs from that in adults in terms of etiology, presentation and even the management. The aim of the study was to find out various etiologies, clinical features, outcome and mortality of paediatric age groups with intestinal obstruction and their relation to age and sex distribution.Methods: This is a prospective study of 50 cases of paediatric age group with signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction which were admitted in Sir Sayajirao Gaekwad Hospital, Vadodara, India during period of December 2004 to November 2006. Surgical intervention was carried out where indicated otherwise patients were managed conservatively. Data was analysed in SPSS version 10 statistical software for percentage and frequencies.Results: Total 50 patients were included in the study. Among these 30 were males and 20 were females with M: F ratio of 3:2. Majority of them were 25 neonates of age group of 1-7 days (50%), followed by 7 infants of 1 months- 1 years (14%) and 18 children aged 1 years-12 years (36%).  Out of 50 patients, 41 (82%) patients had congenital causes in which 21(42%) patients had imperforate anus followed by Hirschprung’s disease in 8(16%), Meckel’s diverticulum in 6(12%), jejunal atresia in 4(8%), hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in 2 patients (4%) and 9(18%) patients had acquired causes in which intussusception was in 5(10%) patients, abdominal tuberculosis in 2(4%) and gangrenous appendix in 2(4%) patients. Total mortality was 6 out of 25 neonates and there were no mortality in infants and children groups.Conclusions: Majority of patients were neonates than infants and children with slight male preponderance with male: female ratio of 3:2. Congenital causes of intestinal obstruction were more common (82%) than the acquired causes (18%). Postoperative septicaemia was more common and overall mortality was exclusively in neonates.

scholarly journals LIGATURE MARK ON THE NECK

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 798-803
Author(s):  
Mariam Arif
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Manner Of Death ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male Female Ratio

Introduction: There are three types of compression of neck which are of primeforensic importance – (1) Manual strangulation (2) Hanging (3) Ligature strangulation. Ligaturemark is found in the latter two types.1 Ligature mark is a pressure mark on the neck underneaththe ligature. Initially it appears as a pale groove which on drying becomes yellowish brownparchment like.2,5 Objective: The aim is to study the information provided by a ligature markin ligature asphyxial deaths. Methodology: Study Design: A retrospective study on ligatureasphyxial deaths. Setting: Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Departments of King EdwardMedical University, Lahore and Nishtar Medical College, Multan. Period: January, 2012 toDecember, 2013. Results: The incidence of violent ligature asphyxial deaths was 4.21% of thetotal medicolegal deaths autopsied. Age group 21 to 30 years accounted for the maximumcases (37.6%). Male: female ratio was 1.02. Nylon rope (44.7%) was the most common ligaturematerial used. Ligature mark was single in all cases and was situated above thyroid cartilage in82.92% cases of hanging. In ligature strangulation deaths, mark was one in number in 93.18%cases and was below thyroid cartilage in 97.72% cases. The manner of death in hangingwas mostly suicidal (90.24%) as compared to homicidal in all cases of ligature strangulation.Ligature mark was incompletely encircling the neck in 85.36% cases and obliquely present in100% cases of hanging. In all deaths due to ligature strangulation, it was completely encirclingand transversely present around the neck. Underlying soft tissues of neck were glisteningwhite in all hanging deaths while it showed extravasations of blood in all ligature strangulationcases. Conclusions: A meticulous examination of the ligature mark during autopsy, though notconclusive, can give valuable information that can be very helpful in diagnosing deaths due tohanging and ligature strangulation.

Profile of vernal keratoconjuctivitis in paediatric age group in central India

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ojha Sushil ◽  
Vaibhav Jain ◽  
Ravi Ranjan ◽  
Sharma Reena ◽  
Brijesh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central India ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Paediatric Age

scholarly journals Clinical, Surgical and Outcome Predictive Factor Analysis of Operated Acute Subdural Hematoma Cases: A Retrospective Study of 114 Operated Cases at Tertiary Centre

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Singh ◽  
Ravi Shankar Prasad ◽  
Kulwant Singh ◽  
Anurag Sahu ◽  
Nityanand Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Surgical Outcome ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Severity Of Injury

Abstract Objective To analyze clinical, surgical and outcome predictive factors of operated acute subdural hematoma (SDH) cases for prognostication and surgical outcome prediction. Material and Methods This retrospective study includes 114 patients operated for acute SDH in the Department of Neurosurgery of IMS BHU, Varanasi, India, a tertiary care center, between 1 August 2018 and 1 November 2019. Each patient was evaluated for age, sex, mode of injury, localization of hematoma, clinical presentation, comorbidity, severity of injury, best motor response, CT findings, and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at discharge. The outcome was also evaluated by further making a dichotomized group using GOS in death/dependent (1–3) versus independent (4–5). Statistical tests were done using the GraphPad Prism version 8.3.0. Results The most common age group operated upon in this study was the 40 to 60 years age group (n = 45, 39.48%). Males were 78% with male to female ratio of 3.56:1. The most common clinical presentation was altered sensorium (98.25%). The most common comorbidity was hypertension (n = 32, 28.07%). GCS at admission, severity of injury, pupillary changes, and best motor response (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with surgical outcome. Conclusion GCS at admission, severity of injury, pupillary changes, and best motor response were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with surgical outcome. Age and gender of patients were not found to be significantly associated.

A Prospective Study of Coroner's Autopsies in University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
C N T Amakiri ◽  
E E U Akang ◽  
P U Aghadiuno ◽  
W O Odesanmi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Age Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Legal Cases ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
University College ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
African Patients

The present study reviews 876 consecutive coroner's autopsies performed in the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan over a two-year period (1 February 1991 to 31 January 1993). The hospital autopsy rate during the study period was 36.2%, and 62.5 per cent of these post-mortems were medico-legal cases. The most common indications for coroner's autopsies were sudden natural deaths (55.6%), followed by accidental deaths (35.3%). The proportions of maternal (4.3%), homicidal (3.1%) and suicidal (0.3%) deaths were much lower. The male to female ratio was 1.7 to 1. Ninety-one (10.4%) of the cases fell within the paediatric age group and the peak age incidence for these cases was in the 5–14 years age group. The remaining 785 (89.6%) cases were adults and the peak age incidence for these cases was in the fourth decade of life. The most common cause of sudden natural death was cardiovascular disease, of which hypertension constituted the majority of cases. Other major causes of sudden death included pneumonia, meningitis, typhoid fever and neoplastic diseases. Road traffic accidents accounted for 78 per cent of accidental deaths followed by falls (13.3%) and burns (4.6%). Abortions, post-partum haemorrhage and eclampsia were the major causes of maternal deaths in the present study. Homicidal deaths were eight times more frequent in male than female victims and the commonest mode of death was gunshot injuries. Suicidal deaths remain extremely uncommon in African patients, as confirmed by our study.

scholarly journals Novel Approach to Rhinosporidiosis

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Rajeshwary Aroor ◽  
Madhukar Muniswamy Gowda ◽  
Vadisha Srinivas Bhat ◽  
Satheesh Kumar Bhandary
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Endoscopic Excision ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
First Time ◽  
Male To Female

ABSTRACT Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic enigmatic disease affecting mainly the upper aero digestive tract and is notorious for frequent recurrences as high as 70%. Higher incidences of recurrence are mainly due to nonendoscopic excision with resultant residual disease leading to seedling of the disease. Objectives The aim of this study is to highlight the factors responsible for recurrence and to follow the clinical course to ensure against recurrence of rhinosporidiosis. External surgery in rhinosporidiosis should be avoided for the fear of implantation. With the advent of endoscopes and Lasers allow the surgeon to complete excision of the lesion with cauterization of the base. Materials and methods A retrospective study of thirty two cases of rhinosporidiosis presented to us over a period of 10 years from 2002 to 2012. Out of which 14 cases presented to us for the first time and 18 cases were recurrent cases. The commonest age group of presentation was between 20 and 30 years in patients presenting for the first time and in recurrent cases the commonest age of presentation was between 50 and 60 years of age. Majority of patients were males with male to female ratio of 9:1. All patients underwent endoscopic excision, electro cautery was used in 30 patients and Laser was used in 2 patients. Results Fourteen cases did not have any recurrence and in the 18 cases of recurrent cases three of them again had a recurrence where electro cautery was used to cauterize the base. Conclusion Endoscopic excision of rhinosporidiosis has a better result over nonendoscopic approaches with lesser recurrence rate. Our results show that use of endoscopes in patients who presented for the first time have a better results as the mucosa of recurrence patients have already been insulted due to previous surgeries.

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