Not My Usual Trip: Ride-hailing Characterization in Mexico City

With a few exceptions, research on ride-hailing has focused on North American cities. Previous studies have identified the characteristics and preferences of ride-hailing adopters in a handful of cities. However, given their marked geographical focus, the relevance and applicability of such work to the practice of transport planning and regulation in cities in the Global South is minimal. In developing cities, the entrance of new transport services follows very different trajectories to those in North America and Europe, facing additional social, economic, and cultural challenges, and involving different strategies. Moreover, the determinants of mode choice might be mediated by social issues such as the perception of crime and the risk of sexual harassment in public transportation, which is often experienced by women in large cities such as Mexico. This paper examines ride-hailing in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City, unpacking the characteristics of its users, the ways they differ from users of other transport modes, and the implications for urban mobility. Building on the household travel survey from 2017, our analytical approach is based on a set of categorical models. Findings suggest that gender, age, education, and being more mobile are determinants of ride-hailing adoption. The analysis shows that ride-hailing is used for occasional trips, and it is usually done for leisure and health trips as well as for night trips. The study also reflects on ride-hailings implications for the way women access the city.

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Modeling the Rounding of Departure Times in Travel Surveys: Comparing the Effect of Trip Purposes and Travel Modes

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198120935435 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2674 (10) ◽

pp. 628-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yoshihiro Sato ◽

Takuya Maruyama

Keyword(s):

Public Transportation ◽

Likelihood Method ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Behavioral Models ◽

Rounding Errors ◽

Bayesian Theorem ◽

Arrival Times ◽

Household Travel Survey ◽

Departure Time ◽

Household Travel

Rounding errors are often observed in reported trip departure and arrival times in paper-based travel surveys, and most of the reported times are multiples of 5, 15, 30, or 60 min. However, the rounding is rarely systematically analyzed. This study aimed to analyze the rounding of reported departure time in paper-based travel surveys by extending the rounding model proposed by Rietveld in 2002. The model parameters were estimated using the maximum likelihood method with constraints. The data in a 2012 household travel survey in Kumamoto, Japan, was used. The data in Japan were found to be often rounded to 10 min, which contrasted with the frequent rounding to 15 min in the Netherlands and United States. The model estimation results indicated that rounding to 5 and 10 min most often occurred. The response-error distribution when the reported departure time was 30 min was demonstrated using the Bayesian theorem and it was shown that the probabilities in which the actual departure times were exactly 30 min, 25–35 min, and 20–40 min were 7.9%, 63.5%, and 84.3%, respectively. Business trips were found to contain large rounding errors, and most public-transportation trips exhibited smaller rounding errors. These results may be used to refine several travel behavioral models in the future.

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Trends in Taxi Use and the Advent of Ridehailing, 1995–2017: Evidence from the US National Household Travel Survey

Urban Science ◽

10.3390/urbansci2030079 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 79 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Matthew Conway ◽

Deborah Salon ◽

David King

Keyword(s):

Negative Relationship ◽

The United States ◽

Vehicle Ownership ◽

Large Cities ◽

Travel Survey ◽

Household Travel Survey ◽

Starting Point ◽

Household Travel ◽

National Household Travel Survey ◽

Vehicle Market

The advent of ridehailing services such as Uber and Lyft has expanded for-hire vehicle travel. We use data from the 2017 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) to investigate the extent of this expansion in the United States. We report changes in the for-hire vehicle market since ridehailing services became available and statistically estimate the determinants of ridehailing use. From 2009–2017, the for-hire vehicle market share doubled. While for-hire vehicles still only account for 0.5% of all trips, the percent of all Americans who use ridehailing in any given month is nearly 10%. Within the for-hire vehicle market, this trend of growth has not been uniformly distributed across demographic groups or geographies; it has been greater in mid-sized and large cities, and among younger individuals and wealthier households. This suggests that understanding the equity implications of ridehailing is an important avenue for research. Multivariate analysis provides evidence that both transit and nonmotorized transport use are correlated with ridehailing use, that ridehailing has a negative relationship with vehicle ownership, and that residents of denser areas have higher ridehailing use. Given the rapid growth of ridehailing, it has become important for cities to include for-hire vehicles in their planning going forward. These NHTS data provide a starting point, but more detailed and frequent data collection is needed to fully understand this many-faceted, rapidly-changing market.

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Behavior of Traffic Congestion and Public Transport in Eight Large Cities in Latin America during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11104703 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 4703

Author(s):

Renato Andara ◽

Jesús Ortego-Osa ◽

Melva Inés Gómez-Caicedo ◽

Rodrigo Ramírez-Pisco ◽

Luis Manuel Navas-Gracia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Latin American ◽

Public Transport ◽

Public Transportation ◽

Traffic Congestion ◽

Urban Transport ◽

Control Measures ◽

Johns Hopkins Hospital ◽

Large Cities ◽

Public Data ◽

The Impact

This comparative study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on motorized mobility in eight large cities of five Latin American countries. Public institutions and private organizations have made public data available for a better understanding of the contagion process of the pandemic, its impact, and the effectiveness of the implemented health control measures. In this research, data from the IDB Invest Dashboard were used for traffic congestion as well as data from the Moovit© public transport platform. For the daily cases of COVID-19 contagion, those published by Johns Hopkins Hospital University were used. The analysis period corresponds from 9 March to 30 September 2020, approximately seven months. For each city, a descriptive statistical analysis of the loss and subsequent recovery of motorized mobility was carried out, evaluated in terms of traffic congestion and urban transport through the corresponding regression models. The recovery of traffic congestion occurs earlier and faster than that of urban transport since the latter depends on the control measures imposed in each city. Public transportation does not appear to have been a determining factor in the spread of the pandemic in Latin American cities.

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Understanding Users’ Satisfaction Towards Public Transit System in India: A Case-Study of Mumbai

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information ◽

10.3390/ijgi10030155 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 155

Author(s):

Rahul Das

Keyword(s):

Service Quality ◽

Public Transport ◽

Travel Demand ◽

Resource Constraints ◽

Public Transit ◽

Sampling Bias ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Transit System ◽

Transport Services ◽

Developing Cities

In this work, we present a novel approach to understand the quality of public transit system in resource constrained regions using user-generated contents. With growing urban population, it is getting difficult to manage travel demand in an effective way. This problem is more prevalent in developing cities due to lack of budget and proper surveillance system. Due to resource constraints, developing cities have limited infrastructure to monitor transport services. To improve the quality and patronage of public transit system, authorities often use manual travel surveys. But manual surveys often suffer from quality issues. For example, respondents may not provide all the detailed travel information in a manual travel survey. The survey may have sampling bias. Due to close-ended design (specific questions in the questionnaire), lots of relevant information may not be captured in a manual survey process. To address these issues, we investigated if user-generated contents, for example, Twitter data, can be used to understand service quality in Greater Mumbai in India, which can complement existing manual survey process. To do this, we assumed that, if a tweet is relevant to public transport system and contains negative sentiment, then that tweet expresses user’s dissatisfaction towards the public transport service. Since most of the tweets do not have any explicit geolocation, we also presented a model that does not only extract users’ dissatisfaction towards public transit system but also retrieves the spatial context of dissatisfaction and the potential causes that affect the service quality. It is observed that a Random Forest-based model outperforms other machine learning models, while yielding 0.97 precision and 0.88 F1-score.

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Accessibility and Intraurban Travel

Environment and Planning A Economy and Space ◽

10.1068/a190735 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 735-748 ◽

Cited By ~ 118

Author(s):

S Hanson ◽

M Schwab

Keyword(s):

Travel Behavior ◽

Activity Spaces ◽

Household Travel Survey ◽

Trip Frequency ◽

Potential Activity ◽

Using Data ◽

Household Travel ◽

Automobile Use ◽

The Relationship ◽

Travel Distances

This paper contains an examination of the fundamental assumption underlying the use of accessibility indicators: that an individual's travel behavior is related to his or her location vis-à-vis the distribution of potential activity sites. First, the conceptual and measurement issues surrounding accessibility and its relationship to travel are reviewed; then, an access measure for individuals is formulated. Using data from the Uppsala (Sweden) Household Travel Survey and controlling for sex, automobile availability, and employment status, the authors explore the relationship between both home- and work-based accessibility and five aspects of an individual's travel: mode use, trip frequencies and travel distances for discretionary purposes, trip complexity, travel in conjunction with the journey to work, and size of the activity space. From the results it can be seen that although all of these travel characteristics are related to accessibility to some degree, the travel–accessibility relationship is not as strong as deductive formulations have implied. High accessibility levels are associated with higher proportions of travel by nonmotorized means, lower levels of automobile use, reduced travel distances for certain discretionary trip purposes, and smaller individual activity spaces. Furthermore, the density of activity sites around the workplace affects the distances travelled by employed people for discretionary purposes. Overall, accessibility level has a greater impact on mode use and travel distance than it does on discretionary trip frequency. This result was unexpected in light of the strong trip frequency–accessibility relationship posited frequently in the literature.

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Does Investing in Rail Transit Benefit the Poor? A Comparative Study of Rail and Bus Travel by Low-Income Households in the California Household Travel Survey

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198118796738 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2672 (6) ◽

pp. 11-20

Author(s):

Ryland Lu

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Household Income ◽

Bus Rapid Transit ◽

Rail Transit ◽

Rapid Transit ◽

Travel Survey ◽

Household Travel Survey ◽

The Poor ◽

Household Travel ◽

Low Income Households

This paper addresses academic discourse that critiques urban rail transit projects for their regressive impacts on the poor and proposes bus funding as a more equitable investment for urban transit agencies. The author analyzed data from the 2012 California Household Travel Survey on transit trips in Los Angeles County. The author cross-tabulated data on the modal breakdown of transit trips by household income category and on the breakdown of household income associated with trips by bus and rail transit modes. The author also comparatively evaluated the speed of trips (as a ratio of miles per hour) taken by rail and by bus by low-income households in the county. The author found convincing evidence that, on average, trips low-income households made by rail transit covered a greater distance per hour than trips taken by bus transit, but that trips made on the county’s bus rapid transit services with dedicated rights-of-way had a higher mean speed than those taken by rail. Moreover, the mode and income cross-tabulations indicate that rail transit projects only partially serve low-income households’ travel needs. To the extent that equitable transit planning entails minimizing the disparities in access, both rail and bus rapid transit projects can advance social justice if they are targeted at corridors where they can serve travel demand by low-income, transit dependent households.

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Estimating Cost Savings of Coordinating Regional Non-Emergency Human Transport Services

Journal of the Transportation Research Forum ◽

10.5399/osu/jtrf.46.3.656 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Ryoichi Sakano ◽

Julian Benjamin

Keyword(s):

Public Transportation ◽

Local Community ◽

Operating Cost ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Transportation Systems ◽

Transportation Services ◽

Transport Services ◽

Transportation Agencies ◽

Human Transport ◽

Current Operating

Local public transportation agencies provide a nonemergency human transport service to nearby hospitals and doctors' offices. Some users require specialized medical services at a hospital located out of the normal service area. In the Piedmont/Triad region of North Carolina, the Piedmont Authority for Regional Transportation (PART) began PART Connections in April 2004, to provide two daily transportation services between the Piedmont/Triad area and the UNC/Duke medical areas. Using current operating cost data of participating transportation systems, round-trip costs to the UNC/Duke medical areas from each county and to the nearest PART Connections stop are estimated. Given the actual number of passengers served by PART Connections during the first nine-month period of the service, the net saving in the operating cost by participating PART Connections is estimated for each system. Then, the total service hours saved by using PART Connections are estimated for each system, and are used to estimate the number of additional passengers served within the system. It is estimated that PART Connections could provide a net saving of $38,000 on operation expenses annually to the participating four county transportation systems. More importantly, PART Connections would enable the four county systems to provide more than 10,000 additional passenger trips within each county annually, by using the saved resources. In addition, 12 local community transportation providers in 15 western counties of the Piedmont/Triad region, which currently do not participate in PART Connections, are estimated to save a modest $9,600 in total annually, by using PART Connections.

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MODELS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT IN LITHUANIA AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis ◽

10.3846/mla.2021.15168 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (0) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Justina Ranceva ◽

Rasa Ušpalytė-Vitkūnienė

Keyword(s):

Public Transport ◽

Organization And Management ◽

Sustainable Environment ◽

Transport Services ◽

Transport Organization ◽

Management Scheme ◽

Foreign Countries ◽

Developing Cities ◽

Mode Of Transport ◽

Public Costs

Public transport is recognized as a more environmentally friendly mode of transport than cars for the same number of passengers. Many countries are investing heavily in public transport to make it not only greener, but also more convenient, more attractive, faster, more competitive and more accessible. In order to promote a sustainable environment, private, public and non-motorized transport must functionally complement each other to form balanced integrated systems. There are currently two main forms of organizing public transport: a government-oriented service and a market-oriented service. Positive changes in the field of public transport are possible if in the process involves not only state and municipal institutions, but also infrastructure planners, passenger carriers and inhabitants. Public transport must be seen as a means of developing cities and regions. The aim of the article is to analyze the existing models of public transport organization and management, to compare them and submit a proposal, on the basis of which management model it would be possible to submit proposals for the improvement of the organization of Lithuanian public transport. Good foreign countries practice in the management and organization of public transport shows that in some countries public transport is already organized not by individual municipalities but by regions. Based on the achievements of foreign countries, municipalities are recommended to cooperate and share experience in creating a common public transport network. It is necessary to create a management scheme in Lithuania for the development of public transport services, which at the same time would reduce public costs.

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Re-orientating the Experience of a Small Town

10.26686/wgtn.17139374 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Katherine Hailstone

Keyword(s):

Urban Landscape ◽

Social Issues ◽

Traditional Approach ◽

Small Towns ◽

Design Approach ◽

Master Plan ◽

Large Cities ◽

Aging Populations ◽

Declining Populations ◽

The Town

<p>An experience by definition can imply that it leaves an impression. It can be how people experience our small towns that influence its viability and success. Small towns in Aotearoa face aging populations, growing social issues and tend to lack economic viability. Current statistics show population growth in our large cities and declining populations in our regions impacting the urban landscape and the experience of our regional towns. So, how can designing from an experiential approach make a difference to town life? A traditional approach to changing the experience of towns and cities is through consultation, a production of a master plan and then staging the design over time. Consider what could be gained if we used on-the-ground experience to inform the structure our towns? If we intensely engage with the ‘on the ground experience’ of the town, looking at how the town structures experience, we should be able to identify opportunities that could re-orientate how people interact with the town. These opportunities or potential design alterations, could reshape the way that the town is structured and therefore inform the development of a master plan or long term plan. Through an experience-based design approach the opportunities that can be identified from this method are often not visible from other techniques such as top down mapping and other common forms of data collection. Through a combination of; an understanding of the experience of the town, its history, influences, though various forms of mapping and the understanding the viability of proposed design alterations we could strategically transform the experience. Therefore, through an experiential design approach and understanding how our small towns work in Aotearoa; can we focus design actions in the public environment to develop potential future change?</p>

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KARAKTERISTIK PERGERAKAN PENUMPANG ANGKUTAN UMUM PERDESAAN DI KABUPATEN KUNINGAN

Jurnal Transportasi ◽

10.26593/jtrans.v21i2.5160.123-132 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 123-132

Author(s):

Adinda Sekar Tanjung ◽

Puspita Dirgahayani

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Public Transport ◽

Public Transportation ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Local Governments ◽

Transport Services ◽

Transportation Service ◽

Movement Characteristics ◽

Transportation Routes ◽

Public Transport Services

Abstract The demand for rural public transportation is dominated by people who cannot access private vehicles. In terms of the number of operating routes and the performance of their services, currently rural public transport services tend to decline. The mobility of rural communities to reach social facilities can be hampered if there is no public transportation service, which in turn will reduce the quality of human resources in rural areas. This study focuses on the movement characteristics of rural public transport passengers in Kuningan Regency. Several rural transportation routes were taken as samples, namely route 030 Cilimus-Linggarjati, route 061 Cilimus-Mandirancan, and route 037 Lengkong-Rancakeusik. This study shows that the characteristics of the movement of rural public transport passengers are an integral part in an effort to maintain rural public transport services. These characteristics of passenger movement can be used to improve the performance of public transportation, become input for public transport operators, and become material for local governments to make policies Keywords: rural public transportation; public transport routes; public transport services; public transport performance. Abstrak Permintaan angkutan umum perdesaan didominasi oleh masyarakat yang tidak dapat mengakses kendaraan pribadi. Dari sisi jumlah trayek yang beroperasi dan kinerja layanannya, saat ini layanan angkutan umum perdesaan cenderung semakin menurun. Mobilitas masyarakat perdesaan untuk menjangkau fasilitas sosial dapat terhambat jika tidak ada layanan angkutan umum, yang pada akhirnya akan menurunkan kualitas sumber daya manusia di kawasan perdesaan. Studi ini berfokus pada karakteristik pergerakan penumpang angkutan umum perdesaan di Kabupaten Kuningan. Beberapa trayek angkutan perdesaan diambil sebagai sampel, yaitu trayek 030 Cilimus-Linggarjati, trayek 061 Cilimus-Mandirancan, dan trayek 037 Lengkong-Rancakeusik. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik pergerakan penumpang angkutan umum perdesaan merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dalam upaya mempertahankan layanan angkutan umum perdesaan. Karakteristik pergerakan penumpang ini dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kinerja angkutan umum, menjadi masukan bagi operator angkutan umum, serta menjadi bahan pemerintah daerah untuk membuat kebijakan. Kata-kata kunci: angkutan umum perdesaan; trayek angkutan umum; layanan angkutan umum; kinerja angkutan umum.

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