Cognitive Mechanisms for Representing Global Risks in Recent History (Search for Ways of Interdisciplinary Research)

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8 (106)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Vera Zabotkina
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Frame Analysis ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cognitive Research ◽  
Integrated Methodology ◽  
Integrated Research

Interdisciplinary cognitive research is a hallmark of the 21st century. New clusters are being formed in the field of the humanities. This article explores ways of integrating cognitive history and cognitive linguistics. The point of contact is the desire of representatives of both sciences to explore the laws of thinking, mental models and knowledge structures. The method of integrated research is frame analysis, applicable both to texts of the past and to documents of recent history, the concept of RISK is analyzed. The perspectives of an integrated methodology for studying global risks are shown.

“An honest escape” of a modern character: escapism problem in young adult fiction in the 21st century

Neophilology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 599-607
Author(s):  
Elena V. Boroda
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Young Adult Fiction ◽  
Social Trends ◽  
The Past ◽  
Integrated Research ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
The Subject

We analyze the problem of escapism, briefly discuss its history and evolution, its attitude to the problem in different periods of history. Analysis of this problem is the main goal of this work. The subject of this research is the texts of authors writing for children and teenagers, created over the past decade. On the example of young adult fiction in recent years, the development of an escapist motive, a change in attitude towards it and possible causes of such a transformation are observed. The relevance of the study is that modern texts that have not yet been studied by modern literary studies are analyzed, and the problem of escapism is considered in accordance with the cultural and social trends of today. In the process, we use an integrated research method. The result of studying the problem of escapism can be called a review of modern young adult fiction, in which there is a motive for fleeing reality, as well as some observations and conclusions that may be useful in studying the cultural and social problems of today. We conclude that escapism in modern young adult fiction is a full-fledged motive and means of interacting with reality. The scope of the research results is the study of modern literary texts by philologists, literary critics, literature teachers, as well as students and schoolchildren who are interested in expanding and deepening literary knowledge.

scholarly journals Seacraft Names in Military Discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-26
Author(s):  
E. E. Golubkova ◽  
E. B. Kivileva
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Frame Analysis ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Military Discourse ◽  
Named Objects ◽  
American Tradition ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Military

The article analyses the process of meaning formation of names of warships in the military discourse with the aim of identifying conceptual mechanisms which underlie the naming of seacraft. The research constitutes part of the study in the field of cognitive linguistics and fills in the gap in the studies of metaphoric potential and cultural specificities of secondary names applied to artifacts (as big as warships) in British and American tradition. The results show that of all 1200 seacraft names, 700 units are originally zoomorphic common nouns transformed into proper names of seacraft with which they “share” and sometimes even exchange some of their basic or latent semantic characteristics. It was revealed that underlying mechanisms of meaning formation in seacraft nicknames are cognitive mechanisms of conceptual metaphor, focusing and defocusing. To describe them the methods of frame analysis and cognitive metaphoric modelling are employed. Metaphor in the paper is both the object and the tool of research. To support the analysis, the information about specific features of named objects and creatures is elicited from dictionaries and language corpora.

scholarly journals Design laboratories: interdisciplinary research centers of 21st century

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Füsun Curaoğlu ◽  
Ahmet Başkan
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Laboratory Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Interdisciplinary Design ◽  
Information Generation

In the 21th century; which is accepted as the information age, the pace of information generation and multiplication is incredible, yet it is impossible to control the rate of information parmeation, although it was important to generate, multiplicate and publicate the information until the late years of 20th century.We know that in the past centuries, it is accepted that only the studies in natural sciences can be conducted in a laboratory environment. Since design discipline is able to create mutual associations with all fields of natural and social sciences; which has been disregarded for decades, design studies have always been located in the background. Currently design laboratories are being re-structured in order to generate and multiply creative ideas.The aim of this study is to investigate Design Labs as a new structure for interdisciplinary design studies, and to discuss on the new opportunities they create within the discipline.Keywords: Design Labs, interdisciplinarity, design researchs, industrial design, multidisciplinarity

Remembering the Past in Nineteenth-Century Scotland

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prevailing View ◽  
The Way

At a time when the Union between Scotland and England is once again under the spotlight, Remembering the Past in Nineteenth-Century Scotland examines the way in which Scotland’s national heroes were once remembered as champions of both Scottish and British patriotism. Whereas 19th-century Scotland is popularly depicted as a mire of sentimental Jacobitism and kow-towing unionism, this book shows how Scotland’s national heroes were once the embodiment of a consistent, expressive and robust view of Scottish nationality. Whether celebrating the legacy of William Wallace and Robert Bruce, the reformer John Knox, the Covenanters, 19th-century Scots rooted their national heroes in a Presbyterian and unionist view of Scotland’s past. Examined through the prism of commemoration, this book uncovers collective memories of Scotland’s past entirely opposed to 21st-century assumptions of medieval proto-nationalism and Calvinist misery. Detailed studies of 19th-century commemoration of Scotland’s national heroes Uncovers an all but forgotten interpretation of these ‘great Scots’ Shines a new light on the mindset of nineteenth-century Scottish national identity as being comfortably Scottish and British Overturns the prevailing view of Victorian Scottishness as parochial, sentimental tartanry

The Riddle of a Common History

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Tenorio-Trillo
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Textbooks ◽  
Recent History ◽  
History Textbook ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us ◽  
Constant Part ◽  
Intrinsic Component

By identifying two general issues in recent history textbook controversies worldwide (oblivion and inclusion), this article examines understandings of the United States in Mexico's history textbooks (especially those of 1992) as a means to test the limits of historical imagining between U. S. and Mexican historiographies. Drawing lessons from recent European and Indian historiographical debates, the article argues that many of the historical clashes between the nationalist historiographies of Mexico and the United States could be taught as series of unsolved enigmas, ironies, and contradictions in the midst of a central enigma: the persistence of two nationalist historiographies incapable of contemplating their common ground. The article maintains that lo mexicano has been a constant part of the past and present of the US, and lo gringo an intrinsic component of Mexico's history. The di erences in their historical tracks have been made into monumental ontological oppositions, which are in fact two tracks—often overlapping—of the same and shared con ictual and complex experience.

scholarly journals Criminology: Some lines of flight

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33
Author(s):  
Julie Berg ◽  
Clifford Shearing
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Smart Phones ◽  
40Th Anniversary ◽  
The Past ◽  
Domain Of Existence ◽  
James Lovelock ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Space Of Flows

The 40th Anniversary Edition of Taylor, Walton and Young’s New Criminology, published in 2013, opened with these words: ‘The New Criminology was written at a particular time and place, it was a product of 1968 and its aftermath; a world turned upside down’. We are at a similar moment today. Several developments have been, and are turning, our 21st century world upside down. Among the most profound has been the emergence of a new earth, that the ‘Anthropocene’ references, and ‘cyberspace’, a term first used in the 1960s, which James Lovelock has recently termed a ‘Novacene’, a world that includes both human and artificial intelligences. We live today on an earth that is proving to be very different to the Holocene earth, our home for the past 12,000 years. To appreciate the Novacene one need only think of our ‘smart’ phones. This world constitutes a novel domain of existence that Castells has conceived of as a terrain of ‘material arrangements that allow for simultaneity of social practices without territorial contiguity’ – a world of sprawling material infrastructures, that has enabled a ‘space of flows’, through which massive amounts of information travel. Like the Anthropocene, the Novacene has brought with it novel ‘harmscapes’, for example, attacks on energy systems. In this paper, we consider how criminology has responded to these harmscapes brought on by these new worlds. We identify ‘lines of flight’ that are emerging, as these challenges are being met by criminological thinkers who are developing the conceptual trajectories that are shaping 21st century criminologies.

A Personal Odyssey on Schools for Blind Children

1993 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.H. Hatlen
Keyword(s):  
Recent History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Blind Children ◽  
History Of

The evolution of schools for the blind over the past 30 years has been dramatic. Sometimes changes have been self-initiated, and sometimes these schools have been forced into different roles and expectations. This article traces both the recent history of schools for the blind and how one observer learned and matured from his experiences.

Reward-Related Attentional Capture Moderates the Association between Fear-Driven Motives and Heavy Drinking

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Murat Yücel ◽  
Chao Suo ◽  
Mike E. Le Pelley ◽  
Jeggan Tiego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Attentional Capture ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Problematic Drinking ◽  
The Past ◽  
Motivational Profile

Background: To date, there has been little investigation on how motivational and cognitive mechanisms interact to influence problematic drinking behaviours. Towards this aim, the current study examined whether reward-related attentional capture is associated with reward, fear (relief), and habit drinking motives, and further, whether it interacts with these motives in relation to problematic drinking patterns. Methods: Ninety participants (mean age = 34.8 years, SD = 9.1, 54% male) who reported having consumed alcohol in the past month completed an online visual search task that measured reward-related attentional capture as well as the Habit Reward Fear Scale, a measure of drinking motives. Participants also completed measures of psychological distress, impulsivity, compulsive drinking, and consumption items of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Regression analyses examined the associations between motives for alcohol consumption and reward-related attentional capture, as well as the associations between reward-related attentional capture, motives, and their interaction, with alcohol consumption and problems. Results: Greater reward-related attentional capture was associated with greater reward motives. Further, reward-related attentional capture also interacted with fear motives in relation to alcohol consumption. Follow-up analyses showed that this interaction was driven by greater fear motives being associated with heavier drinking among those with lower reward-related attentional capture (i.e., “goal-trackers”). Conclusion: These findings have implications for understanding how cognition may interact with motives in association with problematic drinking. Specifically, the findings highlight different potential pathways to problematic drinking according to an individual’s cognitive-motivational profile and may inform tailored interventions to target profile-specific mechanisms. Finally, these findings offer support for contemporary models of addiction that view excessive goal-directed behaviour under negative affect as a critical contributor to addictive behaviours.

scholarly journals “Cognitive Linguistics: Looking back, looking forward”

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagmar Divjak ◽  
Natalia Levshina ◽  
Jane Klavan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Data ◽  
Time Space ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Looking Back ◽  
West European

AbstractSince its conception, Cognitive Linguistics as a theory of language has been enjoying ever increasing success worldwide. With quantitative growth has come qualitative diversification, and within a now heterogeneous field, different – and at times opposing – views on theoretical and methodological matters have emerged. The historical “prototype” of Cognitive Linguistics may be described as predominantly of mentalist persuasion, based on introspection, specialized in analysing language from a synchronic point of view, focused on West-European data (English in particular), and showing limited interest in the social and multimodal aspects of communication. Over the past years, many promising extensions from this prototype have emerged. The contributions selected for the Special Issue take stock of these extensions along the cognitive, social and methodological axes that expand the cognitive linguistic object of inquiry across time, space and modality.

The Christian Church in the Last Seventy Years

1943 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Kenneth Scott Latourette
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Status ◽  
The One ◽  
The Church

A strange contrast exists in the status of the Christian Church in the past seventy years. On the one hand the Church has clearly lost some of the ground which once appeared to be safely within its possession. On the other hand it has become more widely spread geographically and, when all mankind is taken into consideration, more influential in shaping human affairs than ever before in its history. In a paper as brief as this must of necessity be, space can be had only for the sketching of the broad outlines of this paradox and for suggesting a reason for it. If details were to be given, a large volume would be required. Perhaps, however, we can hope to do enough to point out one of the most provocative and important set of movements in recent history.

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