scholarly journals A Study of the Thermo-Mechanical Behavior of a Gas Turbine Blade in Composite Materials Reinforced with Mast

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Faiza Khalid ◽  
Manaa Rabah ◽  
Saad Salah ◽  
Ameddah Hacene
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Short Fibers ◽  
2024 Alloy ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Von Mises

The turbine blades are subjected to high operating temperatures and high centrifugal tensile stress due to rotational speeds. The maximum temperature at the inlet of the turbine is currently limited by the resistance of the materials used for the blades. The present paper is focused on the thermo-mechanical behavior of the blade in composite materials with reinforced mast under two different types of loading. The material studied in this work is a composite material, the selected matrix is a technical ceramic which is alumina (aluminum oxide Al2O3) and the reinforcement is carried out by short fibers of high modulus carbon to optimize a percentage of 40% carbon and 60% of ceramics. The simulation was performed numerically by Ansys (Workbench 16.0) software. The comparative analysis was conducted to determine displacements, strains and Von Mises stress of composite material and then compared to other materials such as Titanium Alloy, Stainless Steel Alloy, and Aluminum 2024 Alloy. The results were compared in order to select the material with the best performance in terms of rigidity under thermo-mechanical stresses. While comparing these materials, it is found that composite material is better suited for high temperature applications. On evaluating the graphs drawn for, strains and displacements, the blade in composite materials reinforced with mast is considered as optimum.

Micromechanical Analysis of Composites with Short Fibers and Particles

2007 ◽  
Vol 348-349 ◽  
pp. 577-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Casaril ◽  
Eduardo Rovaris Gomes ◽  
Marcos Roberto Soares ◽  
Hazim Ali Al-Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Correction Factor ◽  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Reasonable Agreement ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Short Fibers

This work presents the investigation of the mechanical behavior of composite materials strengthened with short fibers and particles. A simple model is presented, with the purpose of predicting the fracture strength of this class of composite material. The model consists of the modification of the rule of mixtures, by the introduction of a correction factor, which corresponds to the adhesion of the resin to the fiber and the particles. The experiments were performed on three different composite materials having the same raw material but different mixture ratios. The composite materials produced were tested by the three-point flexural method, according to ASTM standard, in order to determine their mechanical properties. The comparison between theoretical and experimental results were also performed and found to be in reasonable agreement. Other relevant parameters will also be discussed.

3D fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation of new type vortex generators in smooth wavy fin-and-elliptical tube heat exchanger

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 2504-2529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Lotfi ◽  
Bengt Sunden ◽  
Qiu-Wang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Elastic Strain ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Vortex Generators ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Von Mises

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the numerical fluid-structure interaction (FSI) framework for the simulations of mechanical behavior of new vortex generators (VGs) in smooth wavy fin-and-elliptical tube (SWFET) heat exchanger using the ANSYS MFX Multi-field® solver. Design/methodology/approach A three-dimensional FSI approach is proposed in this paper to provide better understanding of the performance of the VG structures in SWFET heat exchangers associated with the alloy material properties and geometric factors. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with shear stress transport turbulence model are applied for modeling of the turbulent flow in SWFET heat exchanger and the linear elastic Cauchy-Navier model is solved for the structural von Mises stress and elastic strain analysis in the VGs region. Findings Parametric studies conducted in the course of this research successfully identified illustrate that the maximum magnitude of von Mises stress and elastic strain occurs at the root of the VGs and depends on geometrical parameters and material types. These results reveal that the titanium alloy VGs shows a slightly higher strength and lower elastic strain compared to the aluminum alloy VGs. Originality/value This paper is one of the first in the literature that provides original information mechanical behavior of a SWFET heat exchanger model with new VGs in the field of FSI coupling technique.

Optimization of Adhesively Bonded Spar-Wingskin Joints of Laminated FRP Composites Subjected to Pull-Off Load: A Critical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
S. Rakshe ◽  
S. V. Nimje ◽  
S. K. Panigrahi
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Frp Composites ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

A review on optimization of adhesively bonded spar-wingskin joint (SWJ) of laminated fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites subjected to pull-off load is presented in this article using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Von Mises stress components have been computed across the width of joint at different interfaces viz. load coupler-spar, and load coupler-wingskin interfaces. Further, the weight of SWJ structure is considered as the objective function which needs to be minimized for optimization. In the first step, the material and lamination scheme of the FRP composite materials used for SWJ are optimized, and, in the second step, the geometrical parameters have been optimized on the basis of minimum von Mises stress and weight. Further, the effects of the material, lamination scheme, and geometrical parameters on the von Mises stress and weight have been validated using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) approach as prescribed by the Taguchi method. The results show that the material and spar thickness are the most significant factors influencing von Mises stress. The weight analysis reveals that there is a significant effect of change in material and wingskin thickness on SWJ performance. Suitable design recommendations have been made for SWJ in terms of material, lamination scheme and geometrical parameters.

Study the Strength of Material and Composite Structures of Belly-Landing Mini UAV

2016 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fransisca Soetanto ◽  
Rachmad Imbang Tritjahjono
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Specific Stiffness ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Material Composite

This paper consists of the design and analysis of the strength of material composite of the fuselage of a Belly-Landing Mini Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). A belly landing UAV occurs when an UAV lands without its landing gear and uses its underside, or belly, as its primary landing device. Belly landings carry the risk that the UAV may flip over, disintegrate, or catch fire if it lands too fast or too hard [1], so the more important designs parameters for materials used are the specific strength and specific stiffness. Specific strength is defined as the ultimate tensile strength divided by material density, and specific stiffness is defined as Young’s modulus of the material divided by density [Franklin, 2010]. The aim of this Belly Landing Mini UAV is for used in situations where manned flight is considered too risky or difficult and no runway for take-off or landing, such as fire fighting surveillance, while the term 'mini’ means the design of this UAV has a launch mass greater than 100 grams but less than 100 kilograms [2], the objective of this project is the development and design of materials fuselage of a mini UAV with two layer sandwich structures made from composite materials and epoxy resin. For that purposes, 3 variations of the composite materials tensile test specimens have been manufactured in accordance with ASTM D3039 standard and tested its strength. The results showed that the fibre glass and fibre carbon composite with resin epoxy has the maximum tensile strength and Young’s modulus, so that the fabrication and manufacturing of the fuselage component is made by using that material composite. The Von Mises stress is used to predict yielding of materials under any loading condition from results of simple uniaxial tensile tests by using software Autodesk Inventor 2012. The results show that the design is safe caused the strength of material is greater than the maximum value of Von Mises stress induced in the material. The results of flight tests show that this small UAV has successfully manoeuvred to fly, such as take off, some acrobatics when cruising and landing smoothly, which means that the calculation and analysis of structure and material used on the fuselage of the Mini UAV was able to be validated.

Research on Composite Materials Used for Brake Shoes Manufacture

2016 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Popa ◽  
Liviu Pascu ◽  
Ana Socalici ◽  
Marius Ardelean
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Contact Zone ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Brake Shoe ◽  
Materials Used

The paper relates laboratory experiments in order to obtain a composite material used for brake shoe manufacture. Regarding the testing materials were processed 38 samples. The percentage and composition of materials are: 15-45% novolac, 1,5-10% hexametyltetramin, 0-8% sulfur, 0-15% carbon fiber, 0-20% graphite, 0-25% aluminum, 15-28% brass and 0-40% rubber. The evolution of tribological and temperature parameters were analyzed in the contact zone tribological testing disk - split pin method. The composite material has the role to replace the classic material (cast iron) used in brake shoes composition in order to reduce the noise caused by rolling stock.

scholarly journals Laboratory studies of heated Bulk Fill composite in the tooth cavity during filling of teeth with carious defects

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
V. A. Kriventseva ◽  
Y. B. Vorobieva ◽  
V. V. Nikitenko
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Marginal Fit ◽  
Military Medical Academy ◽  
Medical Academy ◽  
Hard Tissues ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Materials Used

Aim. To study with the help of a microscope the marginal fit of Bulk-Fill group composite materials to the hard tissues of the tooth. Optimize the method of heating the composite in the cavity.Materials and methods. The marginal fit of the composite material of the Bulk-Fill group, sealed in 30 teeth of chewing anatomical and functional accessories extracted according to various indications, was studied. Materials used in the laboratory experiment: 3M ESPE Filtek posterior restorative Bulk Fill, SDR (Dentsply Sirona), Sonic Fill (Kerr). According to the manufacturers, the materials are used with the method of single-portion sealing. The research was conducted at the Department of General Dentistry of the S.M.Kirov Military Medical Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.Results. 30 teeth extracted according to various indications of chewing anatomical and functional accessories were indicators were shown by the Sonic Fill (Kerr) system, due to heating and changing the viscosity of the material.Conclusions. It was proved in the laboratory that the heated composites of the Bulk-Fill group had the best edge fit during sealing than composites at normal room temperature. A nozzle was developed for heating the composite in the tooth cavity (priority application No. 2021120658 dated 12.07.2021). 

scholarly journals Effect of secondary crystal orientations on the deformation anisotropy for nickel-based single-crystal plate with notch feature

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhai ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Khan ◽  
José Correia ◽  
Abílio MP de Jesus ◽  
Zhiyong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Deformation Process ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Slip Systems ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Crystal Orientations ◽  
Single Crystal Plate ◽  
Von Mises

The effects of the secondary crystal orientations on the nickel-based single-crystal superalloy turbine blades were investigated. The stress concentration features were used for investigation of the optimal secondary crystal orientation leading to the higher strength of the single-crystal turbine blades. The crystal plastic finite element method coupled with micromechanics constitutive model is applied to study the effect of secondary crystal orientation on plastic deformation and mechanical behavior around the cooling holes and notches with the primary (load) orientation fixed at [001] direction. For nickel-based superalloy plates with holes or notches, the secondary crystal orientation effect on the strength needs to be clarified at various load levels. The maximum von Mises stress in the single-crystal alloy varies significantly with variation in the secondary crystal orientations. It was found that only two slip systems dominate the deformation process of the material owing to their favorable orientation with loading. The secondary orientation of 45° was identified with lowest resolved shear stress in the dominating slip systems and potential of producing higher strength for single-crystal turbine blades.

Composite Materials with Natural Fiber NFRC on Inorganic Matrix for Seismic Reinforcement of Masonry Structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 817 ◽  
pp. 385-391
Author(s):  
Antonio La Tegola ◽  
Walter Mera
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Short Fibers ◽  
Cementitious Matrix ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Bamboo Plant ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Inorganic Matrix

Composite materials with carbon, aramidic, glass and lately basalt fibers with a polymeric or cementitious matrix FRP or FRC, are frequently used for the seismic reinforcement of masonry buildings. The fibers of such composites are synthetic, and they have high mechanical characteristics. However, their cost is very expensive and do not belong to the eco compatible products. Moreover, for the making of these fibers an elevated amount of energy is needed for reaching the temperature relative to the production process.An alternative to the use of such fibers may be recurring to natural eco compatible fibers for which the cost is much lower, and they do not need a special processing. Using such fibers in an inorganic cementitious matrix, an improvement of the mortar or of the plaster quality is obtained, giving to them also an adequate ductility.In order to make the composite material, short fibers immersed in the cementitious mortar are used; the composite material can be represented using the acronym NFRC (Natural Fiber Reinforced Composite).Among the different types of fibers that can be used, there is the short fibers derivate from the bamboo plant that are available under the form of yarns or threads.The scope of this paper consists in the definition of the optimal volumetric ratio for the NFRC composite, and the length of the fiber compatible with the workability and the resulting mechanical characteristic.

Design of Stress Constrained SiC/SiC Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Blades

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Boyle ◽  
Pritheesh Gnanaselvam ◽  
Ankur H. Parikh ◽  
Ali A. Ameri ◽  
Jeffrey P. Bons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Ceramic Matrix Composite ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Stress Constraints ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Low Aspect Ratio ◽  
Von Mises

Abstract The structural and aerodynamic performance of a a low aspect ratio SiC/SiC CMC High Pressure Turbine blade was determined. The application was a NASA notional single aisle aircraft engine to be available in the N+3, beyond 2030, time frame. The notional rpm was maintained, and to satisfy stress constraints the annulus area was constrained. This led to a low span blade. For a given clearance low span blade are likely to have improved efficiency when shrouded. The efficiency improvement due to shrouding was found to strongly depend on the axial gap between the shroud and casing. Axial gap, unlike clearance or reaction, is not a common parameter used to correlate the efficiency improvement due to shrouding. The zero clearance stage efficiency of the low aspect ratio turbine was 0.920. Structural analyses showed that the rotor blade could be shrouded without excessive stresses. The goal was to have blade stresses less than 100 MPa (14.5 ksi) for the unshrouded blade. Under some not very restrictive circumstances, such as blade stacking, a one-dimensional radial stress equation accurately predicted area averaged Von Mises stress at the blade hub. With appropriate stacking radial and Von Mises stresses were similar.

Simulation-Based Design of a Self-Folding Smart Material System

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Peraza-Hernandez ◽  
Darren Hartl ◽  
Richard Malak
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Passive Layer ◽  
Heating Power ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Material System ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Von Mises

Origami engineering — the practice of creating useful three-dimensional structures through folding operations on two-dimensional building-blocks — is receiving increased attention from the science, mathematics, and engineering communities. The topic of this paper is a new concept for a self-folding material system. It consists of an active, self-morphing laminate that includes two meshes of thermally-actuated shape memory alloy (SMA) separated by a compliant passive layer. The goal of this paper is to analyze several of the key engineering tradeoffs associated with the proposed self-folding material system. In particular, we examine how key design variables affect folding behavior in an SMA mesh-based folding sheet. The design parameters we consider in this study are wire thickness, mesh wire spacing, thickness of the insulating elastomer layer, and heating power. The output parameters are maximum von Mises stress in the SMA, maximum temperature in the SMA, and minimum folding angle. The results show that maximum temperature in the SMA is mostly dependent on the total heating power per unit width of SMA. The results also indicate that through-heating — heat transfer from one SMA layer to the other through the insulating elastomer — can impede folding for some physical configurations. However, we also find that one can mitigate this effect using a staggered mesh configuration in which the SMA wires on different layers are not aligned. Based on our results, we conclude that the new staggered mesh design can be effective in preventing unintended transformation of the non-actuated layer.

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