scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SEEDS OF EARLY-MATURING SOYBEAN VARIETIES AND ITS VARIABILITY DEPENDING ON THE VARIETAL CHARACTERISTICS AND METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF VEGETATION PERIOD

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
М.Е. Belyshkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Materials

Soy is one of the most valuable agricultural crops, the protein composition of which includes essential amino acids, similar in composition to animal proteins, and fat in its composition predominates sunflower and olive. Comparative study of biochemical composition of soybean seeds of the Northern ecotype depending on varietal characteristics and meteorological conditions of the growing season. Perennial field experiments (2002-2019) were carried out on the experimental field of the plant growing laboratory of RSAU–MSHA named after K. A. Timiryazev. The objects of study were soybean varieties of the Northern ecotype – Svitlaya, Mageva, and Okskaya. Biochemical analysis of seeds was performed in the laboratory of research of technological properties of agricultural materials FSBSI FSAC VIM. The seeds of Northern ecotype soybean varieties contain 40.6-41.2 % protein and 19.4-19.9 % fat. Protein is characterized by a high content of sum of essential amino acids (63.10-63.98 %), including – histidine (7.2–7.7 %), lysine (7.7–7.8 %), tryptophan (by 4.6–4.9 %), arginine (8.4–8.8%), threonine (more than 4.0 %), phenylalanine (to 3.5 %). It was established that in comparison with traditional (southern) varieties, the seed fat of soybean varieties of the Northern ecotype is characterized by a higher content of palmitic acid (11.0–11.3 %) and significantly lower content of oleic acid (10.0–12.0 %). At the same time, according to the content and ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic), it is close to the fat of food grades. Under conditions of excessive moisture, a high content of saturated palmitic fatty acid was observed, and in arid conditions – unsaturated fatty acids – oleic, linoleic and linolenic. Analysis of the quantitative and qualitative components of protein and fat of soybean varieties of Northern ecotype gives grounds to recommend their use not only for feed, technical, but also for food purposes.

scholarly journals Research Regarding Dynamics of Chemical Content from Pasteurized Egg Melange Stored in Polyethylene Type Packings

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 368-374
Author(s):  
Roxana Nicoleta Ratu ◽  
Marius Giorgi Usturoi ◽  
Daniel Simeanu ◽  
Cristina Simeanu ◽  
Alexandru Usturoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Chemical Content

n the current paper, we aimed to analyze the way in which packing (different polyethylene types) influence the quality of pasteurized melange during storage, packing being realized in units of 1 kg (Tetra Pak) (batch Lexp-1) and units of 5 kg (Bag in box) (batch Lexp-2). Products were stored during a period of 28 days at a temperature of +4�C, qualitative determinations being realized in first day (day 0), at 7 days, at 14 days, 21 days and in day 28 of storage. Were effectuated a sensorial examination and chemical analysis were was established the content in dry matter (%), water (%), proteins (%), content in essential amino acids (isoleucine, methionine, tryptophan, phenylalanine) and non-essential amino acids (alanine, histidine, glycine, serine) (mg/100g) as well as the content in lipids (%) establishing their profile by identification of some saturated fatty acids (16:0 mg/100g and 18:0 mg/100g) and unsaturated fatty acids (16:1 mg/100g and 18:1 mg/100g). After sensorial examinations, the first modifications were observed at the checking effectuated in day 21 for batch Lexp-2, the obtained score being of 18 points, and at checking effectuated in day 28 was given a score of 18 points for melange belonging to batch Lexp-1 and only 14 points for melange from batch Lexp-2. Differences were recorded also in case of chemical composition of products, so for protein content at batch Lexp-1 in first checking day was obtained a mean of 12.730�0.24% and at batch Lexp-2 12.614�0.22%. Differences between those two batches were insignificant (p[0.05). In case of fat content, at the end of storage period was obtained a mean of 11.256�0.06% for batch Lexp-1 and 11.244�0.11% for batch Lexp-2, differences being insignificant (p [ 0.05). Regarding the profile of amino acids and fatty acids, the mean values obtained during whole storage period oscillated from one stage to another, but the differences between those two batches were insignificant (p [ 0.05). Pasteurized egg melange suffers certain sensorial modifications during storage, especially on consistency and colouring, modifications which are accentuated mainly by storage conditions. Type of polyethylene utilized for this product hadn�t influenced the nutritive qualities of product.

Comparison on Nutrient Composition and Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Profile of Muscle in Wild and Farmed Prawn, Penaeus japonicu

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Hong Xu ◽  
Bin Lun Yan ◽  
Jia Tao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Penaeus Japonicus ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Amino Acid Score ◽  
Wild Group

Penaeus japonicus is an important marine shrimps resource in China. In order to evaluate the nutritional value, the contents of general nutritional compositions, amino acids and fatty acids in muscle were compared between wild and farmed P. japonicus. The contents of muscle moisture and crude protein, fat and ash in wild P. japonicus were 77.16%, 17.74%, 2.08% and 1.79％, and those in farmed P. japonicus were 78.02%, 17.26%, 2.04% and 1.63％, respectively. The essential amino acids (EAA) in wild and farmed P. japonicus were 23.25％ and 22.43％, respectively. The amino acid score of essential amino acids were higher than 100 except Leu and Trp, so the protein of P. japonicus has a well-balanced amino acid composition. Wild P. japonicus has more unsaturated fatty acids (64.05％) than farmed group (60.34％). Higher n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentainoic acids (EPA, 20:5 n-3), docosahexaenoic acids (DHA, 22:6 n-3) contents and lower C16:0, C20:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3 levels were detected in the wild group. Values of n-6/n-3 in muscle of farmed and wild P. japonicus were 0.30 and 0.23 respectively, which were both significantly lower than the maximum value (4.0) recommended by UK Department of Health (HMSO, 1994), while Values of the PUFA/SFA ratio of two groups were 0.60 and 0.74 higher than the minimum value (0.45) recommended by HMSO. Thus the muscle of farmed and wild P. japonicus are both healthy and safe, and the the muscle of wild P. japonicus is more beneficial to human health.

scholarly journals Biochemical composition of two giant pill-millipedes of the Western Ghats of India

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheviri N. Ambarish ◽  
Kandikere R. Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
The Western Ghats

AbstractMany invertebrates have an unexpected nutraceutical potential and are of nutritional or ethnomedicinal significance to many tribals throughout the world. The giant pill-millipedes of the genus Arthrosphaera are traditionally used as natural medicines by tribals in the Western Ghats of India. In this study, two species of pill-millipedes (Arthrosphaera fumosa and A. magna) were subjected to proximate and biochemical analysis to ascertain their nutritional potential. Bodies of A. fumosa and A. magna (after removal of their intestines) had a low protein content (8-15%) and high quantity of carbohydrates (40-41%). They were rich in many essential elements, especially in calcium. The essential amino acids of pillmillipedes were in high quantities. The level of glycine was the highest, followed by lysine and serine. The fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) of males and females consist of high quantities of unsaturated fatty acids. The mono-unsaturated fatty acids were more abundant than poly-unsaturated fatty acids. Palmitic and oleic acids were dominant saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, respectively. The study has revealed for the first time that pill-millipedes of the Western Ghats of India constitute a good source of essential minerals, essential fatty acids, and essential amino acids. Being valuable contributors of organic manure by processing recalcitrant plant lignocellulosic wastes, pill-millipedes become part and parcel of organic farming as well as future nutraceutical sources.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Degree of Spotting on Some of the Components of Friesian Cows' Milk

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Raed Kawkab Abdul-Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Milk Cows ◽  
Food Conditions ◽  
Animal Resources ◽  
Friesian Cows

The present experiment has been conducted in the livestock field of the  Department of Animal Resources- College of Agriculture /University of Qadissiyah for two months in which 30 Friesian cows are used . Cows are Characterized  by varying degree of spotting of scalp skin (white to black).  All cows of the experiment have undergone under a single food conditions in order to state the effect of  the degree of spotting on  some amino acids and fatty milk cows in the experiment. Results of this study show no significant effect of the level of 5% for the characteristic of spotting on any of the amino and fatty acids under the study. The overall average for the essential amino acids is as follows: methionine 0.16 , leucine 0.44  , Isoleucine 0.28 and phenylalanine 0.26 g / 100 g, respectively. While the overall average for the non-essential amino acids: Glutamic 1.38 , Arginine 0.20 , Glycine 0.19 and Glutamine  0.19 g / 100 g, respectively. The overall average of  the  saturated fatty acids as follows: myristic 1.26, Palmaitic1.22 , Stearic0.65 and Butyric 2.16 g / 100 g, respectively, while the overall average for the unsaturated fatty acids is as follows: linoleic  0.83 , oleic 1.55 , α-linoleic 1.07 and Arachidonic 0.22  g / 100 g on respectively.

Nutritional profile of the wild harvested armoured cricket (Acanthoplus discoidalis) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in northern region of Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A.K. Mugova ◽  
C.J. Zvidzai ◽  
R. Musundire
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Weight Content

Armoured crickets are an important food source in some parts of Zimbabwe. These insects are abundant in some regions but however, they are under utilised and not much is known about their nutritional value. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional profile of the armoured cricket (Acanthoplus discoidalis). Armoured crickets were collected from a structured sampling framework in Mbire district Mashonaland Central province of Zimbabwe. Removal of the head and thorax, degutting and boiling were done. A proximate analysis was carried out followed by mineral, amino acid and fatty acid profiling of the prepared insects. Analyses were done on a dry basis. A. discoidalis contained 69.2% protein, 16.8% fat, 8.6% ash, 1.2% carbohydrate, 4.2% chitin and 454.3 Kcal/100 g energy. A 100 g dry weight quantity of insect contains 11.48 mg iron which is enough to meet the required daily intake of 10.0-20 mg/day for an adult. The zinc (4.37 mg/100 g dry weight) and phosphorus (491.4 mg/100 g dry weight) content in A. discoidalis almost meets the reference nutrient intake for adults. Essential amino acids, leucine (60.7 mg/g protein) had the highest concentration followed by phenylalanine+tyrosine (59.3 mg/g protein), valine (48.4 mg/g protein), lysine (46.7 mg/g protein), threonine (37.4 mg/g protein), isoleucine (26.4 mg/g protein), methionine+cysteine (20.9 mg/g protein) and histidine (16.5 mg/g protein) the least concentration. In total, 9 saturated fatty acids were determined of which stearic acid and palmitic acid had the highest concentrations of 2,034.5 mg/100 g and 2,005.3 mg/100 g respectively. Four mono unsaturated fatty acids were determined of which oleic acid and palmitoleic acid had the highest concentrations of 361.4 mg/100 g and 305.2 mg/100 g respectively. Four poly-unsaturated fatty acids were determined of which eicosapentaenoic and α-linolenic acid had the highest concentrations of 1,598.0 mg/100 g and 185.6 mg/100 g respectively. A. discoidalis is good source of protein, the minerals iron, zinc and phosphorus, some essential amino acids and poly-unsaturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals Ingredient modification to improve nutrition of Indonesian Koya made of nile and soy as a source of protein

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-324
Author(s):  
R.B.K. Anandito ◽  
Kawiji ◽  
L. Purnamayati ◽  
L.L. Maghfira
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Soy Flour ◽  
Protein Sources

Koya is an Indonesian food often used as a seasoning topping. Koya is made from prawn crackers and fried onions. It is popular and can be used as an alternative to improve human nutrition, primarily to fulfill the protein needs in children. One of the high-protein sources is the Nile tilapia which is easily cultured in Indonesia. Tilapia can be combined with soy, a high protein local food. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of Koya made from Tilapia and combined with either soy or fermented soy (tempeh). Koya was made from a combination of the main ingredients, such as Nile tilapia -soy flour (NS) and Nile tilapia-tempeh flour (NT) with a ratio of tilapia: soy flour/tempeh flour 40:60, 50:50, and 60:40, respectively. Each Koya was tested for its chemical composition and sensory evaluation. The results indicated that the combination of Nile tilapia-soy flour and Nile tilapia-tempeh had a significant effect on the chemical and sensory characteristics. With the higher concentration of tilapia; the moisture, ash, and protein composition increased, but the fat content decreases. Koya with 60% of tilapia either combined with 40% soy (NS3) or 40% tempeh (NT3), was the most preferred by panelists. Koya NS3 contained moisture, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrates of 13.06%, 5.15%, 19.59%, 54.19%, and 21.50%; respectively while NT3 of 13.32%, 3.89%, 19.28%, 48.72%, and 28.06%; respectively. Koya NS3 and NT3 contained linoleic and linolenic fatty acids and higher essential and non-essential amino acids than commercial Koya.

Sensorial, Physico-chemical and Nutritive Characterization of Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) Meat

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2837-2844
Author(s):  
Cristina Simeanu ◽  
Benone Pasarin ◽  
Paul Corneliu Boisteanu ◽  
Daniel Simeanu ◽  
Marius Gheorghe Dolis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Polyodon Spathula ◽  
Transversal Section ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Epaxial Muscles

In the current paper were studied a number of 200 sturgeons from Polyodon spathula of 4th summer (P.s.3+) breed, reared in a fishery farm from North-East of Romania. Studying of modification of sensorial characteristics of meat, analysed just after fishing and during preservation by refrigeration during 15 days (+2 � +4oC), show an optimal keeping period by refrigeration of the studied fishes for 5-6 days. The pH level from the studied muscles oscillated between values 7.9 and 7.11, after slaughtering, and at 24 h after slaughtering between 6.88 and 6.89. The water content of fillet (lateral muscles) had values of 75.41%; protein content of fillet (lateral muscles) had values of 19.89%; lipid content of fillet (lateral muscles) was 3.45%; collagen content of fillet (lateral muscles) had values of 4.14%. The values of water-protein rate (w/p = 3.79) placed the analyzed paddlefishes in the second category; energetic value of fillet gathered from studied fishes was 114.31 kcal/100 g. The rate of amino-acids from the total sum was 26.23% for the essential amino acids, 4.61% for semi-essential amino acids and 69.16% for non-essential amino acids. As rate the quantity of saturated fatty acids recorded the value of 25.64% for epaxial muscles, respectively 25.83% for hypaxial muscles; rate of mono-unsaturated fatty acids was 54.77% for epaxial muscles and 54.50% for hypaxial muscles; poly-unsaturated fatty acids had a rate of 19.59% for epaxial muscles and 19.67% for hypaxial muscles. Through histological studies for establishing the rate of muscular and conjunctive tissues from meat of studied paddlefishes, was observed that in case of lateral muscles mean diameter had an intermediary value of 43.42 �. Those data leaded to obtain a mean area for transversal section of 1485.74 �2. Mean diameter of muscular fibre (43.42 �) characterize a meat with fine texture. Profile on transversal section of muscular fibres had an ellipsoidal shape; fact which was enlightened by the rate between great diameter and small diameter (GD/SD) which varied between 1.35/1 -1.61/1. The rate of the main tissue categories in composition of lateral muscles gathered from analysed paddlefishes revealed the fact that mean rate of muscular tissue was of 70.47%, while mean rate of conjunctive tissues was of only 29.52%.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Nutritional Value of Paddy Straw Milky Mushroom (Calocybe indica)

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chelladurai ◽  
T.K. Yadav ◽  
R.K. Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Paddy Straw ◽  
Coarse Powder ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Calocybe Indica

The edible milky mushroom is the most widely cultivated mushroom in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Studies were conducted on the cultivation and nutritional analysis of this mushroom. The pure culture of Calocybe indica was carried out in the laboratory. The culture was maintained on potato dextrose agar slant and sub-cultured at a regular monthly interval to sustain their fruiting vigor. The above stock culture was used in studies. Wheat grain spawn of C. indica was prepared in glass bottles. The filled paddy grain spawn of C. indica was used at 6% level to the wet weight of the substrate and the beds were spawned. After harvest, the mushrooms were dried at 40°C under the hot air oven to make it powered for further analysis. The collected fresh mushrooms were dried in shade and coarse powder was analyzed for nutrients namely moisture, crude protein, lipid, ash, crude fiber, and minerals. It shows the dominant compounds of protein, fiber, and carbohydrate and the contents are 14.11%, 8.30% and 5.62% respectively. Lipid, ash, ether extract and pH contents are 4.06%, 7.04%, 3.15% and 5.4% respectively. The carbon and nitrogen contents are 33.60% and 3.56% respectively. In the estimation of saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids present in C. indica, totally, 17 fatty acids were recorded. In the estimation of essential and non-essential amino acids present in C. indica, totally, 15 amino acids were recorded. In the estimation of minerals composition present in C. indica, it was recorded that the species had a good resource of mineral composition. Totally, 6 macro minerals and 8 micro minerals were recorded. This investigation may provide that the paddy straw substrates can be recommended for the commercial cultivation of C. indica to obtain highly nutritious mushrooms.

scholarly journals AMINO ACID AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF ETHIOPIAN TARO

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melese Temesgen ◽  
Negussie Retta ◽  
Etalem Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Dominant Fatty Acid

The purpose of this study was designed to investigate the amino acid and fatty acid composition of taro leaf and corm samples. An UHPLC and GC-FID method was used for the determination of amino acids and fatty acid composition, respectively. Taro leaf was processed as a powder and pre-curd concentrates while the corm was pre-gelatinized with and without peel prior to the analysis. The amino acid and fatty acid composition (%) of the analyzed samples were quantified with their relative area comparing with respective standards. In the present study, the leaf and corm of taro contained the three essential amino acids leucine, lysine and methionine. For the study, the calculated amino acid values were low in corm samples, but amino acid composition was higher in the leaf samples. Concerning fatty acids, the dominant fatty acid in the leaf and corm was oleic acid (C18:1, n-9) which ranged from 140.697 ± 0.054 to 216.775 ± 0.043 and 101.932 ± 0.023 to 101.950 ± 0. 04 mg/100 g, respectively. In the study, the fatty acid compositions in leaf were higher than the corm. This means that taro leaf would be considered as a good source of essential amino acid and fatty acid than the corm. Finally, from the proportion (mg/100 g) of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, the unsaturated fatty acids were the predominant fatty acids observed. The presence of high levels of unsaturated fatty acids in the entire investigation of our study taro is nutritionally rich.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Nutritional Value of Different Species of Vespa Hornets

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Sampat Ghosh ◽  
Saeed Mahamadzade Namin ◽  
Victor Benno Meyer-Rochow ◽  
Chuleui Jung
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
High K ◽  
Fatty Acid Proportion ◽  
Nutritional Benefits ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition ◽  
Different Sources

We genetically identified three different species of hornets and analyzed the nutrient compositions of their edible brood. Samples were collected from a commercial production unit in Shizong province of China and from forests near Andong City in Korea. The species were identified as Vespa velutina, V. mandarinia, and V. basalis from China and V. velutina from Korea. Farmed V. velutina and V. mandarinia were found to have similar protein contents, i.e., total amino acids, whereas V. basalis contained less protein. The V. velutina brood collected from the forest contained the highest amount of amino acids. Altogether 17 proteinogenic amino acids were detected and quantified with similar patterns of distribution in all three species: leucine followed by tyrosine and lysine being predominant among the essential and glutamic acid among the non-essential amino acids. A different pattern was found for fatty acids: The polyunsaturated fatty acid proportion was highest in V. mandarinia and V. basalis, but saturated fatty acids dominated in the case of V. velutina from two different sources. The high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids in the lipids of the hornets could be expected to exhibit nutritional benefits, including reducing cardiovascular disorders and inflammations. High minerals contents, especially micro minerals such as iron, zinc, and a high K/Na ratio in hornets could help mitigate mineral deficiencies among those of the population with inadequate nutrition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document