scholarly journals Death of Philosophy: On the Edge of Thought (polemical essay)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Tavisovich Faritov
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Main Category ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
Linguistic Turn ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Modern Thought ◽  
Methodological Principles

The article is devoted to the problem of the marginalization of philosophy in the modern world. The starting point of the study is the position of Oswald Spengler about the loss of understanding of the meaning and significance of philosophy in the situation of the death of European civilization. The article highlights the main signs of the degeneration of philosophical thought in modern society, among which the author refers to the atomization of philosophical discourse, the blurring of the boundaries between philosophical thought and scientific research, the loss of transcendental dimensions by philosophy, the marginalization of philosophical discourse and the phenomenon of "turn". The study pays special attention to the anthropological and linguistic turn. In particular, the author substantiates the thesis that modern philosophy does not just address the problem of language, but replaces being, as the main category of philosophy, with a sign and its structural components. The article criticizes positivism and poststructuralism as crisis and borderline phenomena of modern philosophical thought. The thesis is substantiated that the transformation of philosophical discourse in the post-metaphysical directions of modern thought leads to the distortion and loss of the original meaning of philosophy. The author made an attempt to reconstruct the original meaning of philosophy. The study uses the methodological principles and attitudes of historical and philosophical reconstruction, discourse analysis and semiotics.

scholarly journals Value searches of the globalizing world

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (43) ◽  
pp. 248-256
Author(s):  
Zilya Nailovna Khabibullina
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Value System ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
Methodological Principles

The article is devoted to the theoretical understanding of the trends and value priorities of modern society. The global world dictates to a person new conditions for development and value reorientation associated with transformational processes in information cyberspace. The changes taking place in the consumer society are associated with social, economic and cultural conditions. There is a change in the established spiritual values and human needs for values of a one-dimensional, pragmatic and utilitarian sense. Various ways of value reassessment of the current trends in society, which would contribute to the formation of sustainable development on the basis of an adequate worldview search for alternative ways of developing the future world, are considered. The methodological basis of this study is the positions and conclusions of leading Western and Russian scientists who have paid great attention to the problems of global transformations in the modern world, which are closely related to the formation of a system of values. The study uses elements of a transdisciplinary paradigm that combines theoretical and methodological principles of system-structural, functional and comparative analysis, allowing us to trace the development of modern social relations against the background of the crisis of the global value system. The use of structural-functional and comparative methods helped to reveal the specifics and interconnectedness of value preferences in different cultures, made it possible to analyze the features of the contradictory socio-cultural space of modern society and identify its main axiological characteristics. The modern information society generates a completely different worldview and environment of activity, where the value system directly depends on intelligence and knowledge, and information becomes a strategic resource of society.

Europe and Russia in the Context of Global Changes: Socio-cultural Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
ZUZANA LEHMANNOVÁ ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
Cultural Plurality ◽  
Methodological Principles

The article is focused on cultural plurality as one of the essential features of contemporary stage of globalization. It reflects both differences and similarities between European and Russian cultures in the context of global cultural plurality and defines the demands that relate to interdisciplinary research in this area. In the study, the theoretical and methodological principles of research on cultural specificity are considered; the paradigm analysis is applied to study global cultural plurality, the specifics of individual cultures, and their comparison. The article focuses on the cultural determinants of the relationship between Russia and Europe, comparing the cultures of these multinational actors, their cultural forms, characteristics, and value orientations. In the research, we used the works of famous scientists. The sociocultural approach is necessary to study the intercultural relations, which at a fundamental level lead to the organization and functioning of relationships in modern society. Problems in the sociocultural sphere cause difficulties in various spheres of human activity. The close and complicated relationships that have developed over the years are too valuable for both cultural worlds to neglect them in the modern situation, where globalization took one of the essential places. The information, which was obtained in the course of research, is used to justify specific intercultural problems, and helps to apply a deeper approach to concretize the problems. Nowadays, the cultural sphere is closely connected with globalization; it permeates all aspects of human activity. Those controversial issues or problems that will arise between the societies in the modern world cannot be ignored, because it is precisely the thorough study of the basis of these problems that will help us in the future to counteract their adverse consequences for further development of society.

Three questions to political economy (An attempt of system introspection)

2018 ◽  
pp. 118-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Kleiner
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Linear Component ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
System Paradigm

The development of the system paradigm in economic science leads to the formulation of a number of important questions to the political economy as one of the basic directions of economic theory. In this article, on the basis of system introspection, three questions are considered. The first is the relevance of the class approach to the structuring of the socio-economic space; the second is the feasibility of revising the notion of property in the modern world; the third is the validity of the notion of changing formations as the sequence of “slave-owning system — feudal system — capitalist system”. It is shown that in modern society the system approach to the structuring of socio-economic space is more relevant than the class one. Today the classical notion of “property” does not reflect the diversity of production and economic relations in society and should be replaced by the notion of “system property”, which provides a significant expansion of the concepts of “subject of property” and “object of property”. The change of social formations along with the linear component has a more influential cyclic constituent and obeys the system-wide cyclic regularity that reflects the four-cycle sequence of the dominance of one of the subsystems of the macrosystem: project, object, environment and process.

INNOVATIVE ARCHITECTURAL IDEAS OF THE FUTURE DWELLINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Dzhyhil Yu. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Residential Architecture ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
National University ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Impact

Residential architecture has one of the most conservative styles based on its specifics. However, today this type of architecture seeks to actively respond to changes in the modern world. These changes are caused by multiple factors, among them are: technological and information progress; lack of resources and environmental pollution; military conflicts and population migration etc. The purpose of this article is to summarize the experience of the Department of Architectural Environment of Lviv Polytechnic National University over housing issues and outline the methodological principles of innovation in designing both individual houses and the architectural environment of residential formations. While writing this article, we analyzed the 15-year experience of Architectural Environment's Department diploma projects. The unique feature of these projects is the priority on the design of the environment. The evolution of diploma project topics is revealed on multiple distinctive examples such as the reconstruction of old buildings in Lviv and the construction of prefabricated homes and container-type housing. Futuristic settlements are represented in projects such as “The Ocean Settlements” and “Prykarpatsk - the City of Future”. Research projects were developed to study current trends in housing design and the impact of innovative technologies on planning decisions. These projects discoursed the protection of housing from traffic noise and issues related to environmental preservation. Innovative architectural ideas of future housing, developed by students in these projects, are based on a combination of aesthetic, technical, and social components of architecture. The conclusion indicates that when educating future architects, it is important to teach them the basics of the craft, as well as the ability to defend their innovative ideas. The emphasis is placed on the importance of educating the architect's personal responsibility for their own design solutions. It is stated that professional motivation and the ability to constantly renew previously acquired knowledge and skills will be among the main tasks in training future architects.

Corruption as a Political Issue in Modern Societies: France, Great Britain and the United States in the Long 19th Century

Public Voices ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Ivo Engels
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
French Revolution ◽  
Political Corruption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Bureaucratic State

The so-called “long 19th century”, from the French Revolution to the First World War, ranks as the crucial phase in the genesis of the modern world. In the Western countries this period was characterized by the differentiation of the public and the private spheres, the birth of the modern bureaucratic state and the delegitimation of early modern practices such as clientelism and patronage. All these fundamental changes are, among other things, usually considered important preconditions for the modern perception of corruption.This paper will concentrate on this crucial phase by means of a comparative analysis of debates in France, Great Britain and the United States, with the aim to elucidate the motives for major anti-corruption movements. The questions are: who fights against corruption and what are the reasons for doing so? I will argue that these concerns were often very different and sometimes accidental. Furthermore, an analysis of political corruption may reveal differences between the political cultures in the countries in question. Thus, the history of corruption serves as a sensor which enables a specific perspective on politics. By taking this question as a starting point the focus is narrowed to political corruption and the debates about corruption, while petty bribery on the part of minor civilservants, as well as the actual practice in the case of extensive political corruption, is left aside.

A University Education

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Willetts
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
University Education ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Universities have a crucial role in the modern world. In England, entrance to universities is by nation-wide competition which means English universities have an exceptional influence on schools--a striking theme of the book. This important book first investigates the university as an institution and then tracks the individual on their journey to and through university. In A University Education, David Willetts presents a compelling case for the ongoing importance of the university, both as one of the great institutions of modern society and as a transformational experience for the individual. The book also makes illuminating comparisons with higher education in other countries, especially the US and Germany. Drawing on his experience as UK Minister for Universities and Science from 2010 to 2014, the author offers a powerful account of the value of higher education and the case for more expansion. He covers controversial issues in which he was involved from access for disadvantaged students to the introduction of L9,000 fees. The final section addresses some of the big questions for the future, such as the the relationship between universities and business, especially in promoting innovation.. He argues that the two great contemporary trends of globalisation and technological innovation will both change the university significantly. This is an authoritative account of English universities setting them for the first time in their new legal and regulatory framework.

Unity and Engagement in the Modern World

2021 ◽  
pp. 507-527
Author(s):  
John Halsey Wood
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Western World ◽  
Starting Point

In the midst of the roiling chaos of the nineteenth century, Abraham Kuyper’s Neo-Calvinism was a strategy to maintain a Calvinist unity and engagement with an increasingly disintegrated Western world. The unity Kuyper pursued was of two kinds: intellectual and social. As a thinker, Kuyper valued coherent, interrelated systems. He took as his starting point the systematic Calvinism of Protestant scholastics and the Reformed Confessions as well as Romanticism’s organic impulse which elevated the organic and natural over mechanical and artificial. In addition to a unified mind, Kuyper also pursued a unified Calvinist community, albeit a different kind than imagined by earlier Calvinists. Under the pressures of modernity, Kuyper didn’t pursue a repristinated Calvinist culture, but a renewed Calvinist subculture.

The Strait of Magellan—a Gateway to New Worlds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Onetto Pavez
Keyword(s):  
Global Scale ◽  
Modern World ◽  
American Continent ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Strait Of Magellan ◽  
The World ◽  
The Strait Of Magellan ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The year 2020 marks the five hundredth anniversary of the “discovery” of the Strait of Magellan. The unveiling of this passage between 1519 and 1522 allowed the planet to be circumnavigated for the first time in the history of humanity. All maritime routes could now be connected, and the idea of the Earth, in its geographical, cosmographic, and philosophical dimensions, gained its definitive meaning. This discovery can be considered one of the founding events of the modern world and of the process of globalization that still continues today. This new connectivity awoke an immediate interest in Europe that led to the emergence of a political consciousness of possession, domination, and territorial occupation generalized on a global scale, and the American continent was the starting point for this. This consciousness also inspired a desire for knowledge about this new form of inhabiting the world. Various fields of knowledge were redefined thanks to the new spaces and measurements produced by the discovery of the southern part of the Americas, which was recorded in books on cosmography, natural history, cartography, and manuscripts, circulating mainly between the Americas and Europe. All these processes transformed the Strait of Magellan into a geopolitical space coveted by Europeans during the 16th century. As an interoceanic connector, it was used to imagine commercial routes to the Orient and political projects that could sustain these dynamics. It was also conceived as a space to speculate on the potential wealth in the extreme south of the continent. In addition, on the Spanish side, some agents of the Crown considered it a strategic place for imperial projections and the defense of the Americas.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ECONOMIC CRIMES OF A TRANSNATIONAL NATURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Vadym Popko ◽  
Yevgen Popko
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
International Crime ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Main Category ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Economic Crimes

The article examines the theoretical and legal foundations of economic crimes of a transnational nature formed under the influence of globalisation processes in the world, the growth of international crime and other factors. The author provides a conceptual description of transnational crime as the main category of transnational criminal law, including economic crimes. Scientific views of domestic and foreign scientists on the nature of crimes of an international nature, including criminal acts in the economic sphere are analysed; the most dangerous and widespread economic crimes are characterised. Attention is paid to the legal regulation of these relations, universal and regional conventions, other sources. The authors justify the need to criminalise transnational economic crimes in national law, regardless of whether a particular state is a party to international conventions adopted by international organisations. The authors pay special attention to the characteristics of the subjects of the crime and reveals the debatable nature of their definition, in particular, analyse the problematic nature of the recognition of a legal entity as a subject of crime. The authors use a conceptual approach to clarifying the subject of study, which determines the reasonability of theoretical research, and modern principles of scientific methodology: the principle of scientific pluralism, impartiality, comprehensiveness of research, historicism, complexity and others. A modern requirement in the methodology of science is the rejection of methodological monism, which has long been dominant in theoretical and historical studies of social (including legal) phenomena and the rejection of the ideology of scientific knowledge, which provides an objective, unbiased attitude to any legal phenomena, legal systems, etc. The purpose of the article is to provide theoretical and legal characteristics of international crime in the economic sphere, identify the transnational nature of these crimes, clarify the state of legal regulation of these relations at the international level, as well as international cooperation to combat these crimes. Based on the study and theoretical generalisation of the research topic, the authors emphasise the following conclusions: modern world problems are global in nature; economic crime transcends borders and becomes international; economic crimes of a transnational nature are recognised as socially dangerous acts that encroach on the system of social relations in the field of financial and credit, investment, information, trade, etc. activities, and have a transnational nature, i.e. go beyond one state; countering economic crimes of a transnational nature is within the internal competence of states, but international cooperation in this area also has an objective basis; the legal basis of international cooperation of states are international legal anti-criminal conventions, which define the criminal acts and obligations of states to criminalise economic crimes and provide legal assistance in criminal proceedings, in particular in extradition and transfer of accused and convicted persons, disposal of confiscated property, joint investigation and other issues.

scholarly journals Radicalisation of Adolescents and Youth: In Search of Explanations

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D. Tikhonova ◽  
N.V. Dvoryanchikov ◽  
A. Ernst-Vintila ◽  
I.B. Bovina
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Integral Characteristic ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Different Levels

The main purpose of the presented article is to reveal the potential of social psychological knowledge for the analysis of radicalisation of young people. In the introduction, the features of socialisation in the modern world are discussed. Special attention is drawn to the role of the Internet in the socialisation of adolescents and young people. It is noted that the dominance of audiovisual information contributes to the reduction of reflexivity and promotes the so-called clip thinking, which has become an integral characteristic of adolescents and young people. It is emphasized that life in the modern society is associated with a number of changes taking place simultaneously at different levels, and uncertainty has become its important feature. Extremism and radicalisation are considered as a reaction to uncertainty, a way to overcome it. The main part of the article is devoted to the analysis of models of radicalization describes in various works. Finally, perspectives of further investigation into the subject are outlined.

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