scholarly journals Semiotization of the past in the Lermontov studies of B.M. Eikhenbaum in the 1930s – early 1940s

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Kristina V. Sarycheva
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semiotic System ◽  
Official Discourse ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literature History ◽  
Soviet Ideology ◽  
History Of Literature ◽  
Historical Past

The research is based on the concept of the historical process as a semiotic system, formulated by B.A. Uspenskii. The article aims to analyse within the framework of this concept the historical and literary works of B.M. Eikhenbaum of the 1930s 1940s, dedicated to the meeting of Lermontov and Belinsky in the prison. Some of the papers discussed here have not been previously studied. The fact that Eikhenbaum frequently referred to that episode and mentioned it in different papers let us assume that it was significant not only from the literary and historical point of view, but it also contained unique significance for the researcher. The article extends the observations made by E.A. Toddes regarding the implicit projection of contemporary events into the historical past that helped Eikhenbaum to overcome prescriptions of the Soviet ideology and literary criticism. The evolution of the history concept in papers of Eikhenbaum was analyzed and the elements of the language, resembling the contemporary epoch, were demonstrated. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that the historic past of the Lermontov studies, carried out by Eikheinbaum, is the double coded semiotic system simultaneously, expressing the literary and historical facts, as well as following the official discourse and containing the unofficial or individual discourse regarding the contemporaneity.Key words: Eikheinbaum, Lermontov, Belinsky, formalism, Soviet literary criticism, history of literature, history, modernity, semiotic system.

scholarly journals Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna mniej więcej znana

2018 ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Lucyna Marzec
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Religious Poetry ◽  
The Past ◽  
Feminist Literary Criticism ◽  
History Of ◽  
The New Woman ◽  
History Of Literature ◽  
Government Institution ◽  
Unusual Type

The article is the analysis of the place of Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna in contemporary literary discourse. The author of the article claims – using Pierre Bayard’s theory – that the poetess is known “more or less”: she is remembered as someone who got prizes and recognition but at the same time she is impossible to read nowadays. There is political ambiguity and antiquity in her texts that keep her in the past. Marzec points at four areas of literary studies, where Iłłakowiczówna is still present: 1. Poetics: Iłłakowiczówna uses an original and unusual type of the Polish tonic verse. The author of this article analyses it using tools of psychoanalysis. 2. Religious discourse: Iłłakowicz.wna is interpreted as the author of religious poetry but Marzec argues with such interpretations. 3. Post-dependence studies: Iłłakowiczówna has not been analysed in terms of post-dependence studies yet but she is mentioned in the Polish borderlines discourse. 4. Feminist literary criticism: Iłłakowiczówna used to be studied as the author of androgynous poetry, but Marzec points out other motifs such as miscarriage, infanticide or problems of the new woman, like work at government institution, contestation of vitalism and bureaucracy. The aimof this article is to show that writing of Kazimiera Iłłakowiczówna needs to be read in terms of the history of literature which is devoid of evaluation and judging. Such analysis means going back in terms of modern literary studies which have undergone multiple turns that changed the tools accessible to contemporary critics.

scholarly journals Benjamin e uma nova formação a partir de uma nova forma de ensino da História da Literatura / Benjamin and a New Formation Through a New Form of Teaching Literary History

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Rafael Guimarães Tavares Silva
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Literary Theory ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Critical Position ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intellectual Production ◽  
History Of Literature

Resumo: Buscando situar o contexto alemão do final do séc. XIX e início do séc. XX, no tocante às práticas de ensino e, mais especificamente, do ensino de literatura, o presente artigo oferece considerações sobre a forma como Walter Benjamin se posiciona nesse debate. Depois de abordar de forma mais geral a produção desse arguto pensador da cultura de seu tempo, a importância fundamental de seu texto História da literatura e ciência da literatura [Literaturgeschichte und Literaturwissenschaft], de 1931, assume o primeiro plano da argumentação e oferece o material para que se sugira a radicalidade do projeto benjaminiano. Detectando uma crise cultural profunda em sua época, o estudioso sugere que um posicionamento crítico, apto a articular o passado e o presente, por meio de um estudo envolvendo História da Literatura e Crítica Literária, seria a única forma de potencializar o estudo das Letras, de modo a converter a Literatura em órganon capaz de atuar diretamente sobre a própria História.Palavras-chave: Walter Benjamin; teoria literária; crítica literária; história literária; educação.Abstract: Seeking to situate the teaching practices and especially literary teaching practices in the German context of the end of the XIXth century and beginning of the XXth, this article offers considerations on how Walter Benjamin takes a position in this debate. After a more general approach to the intellectual production of this argute thinker of his own culture and time, the fundamental importance of his text History of literature and science of literature [Literaturgeschichte und Literaturwissenschaft], from 1931, takes the foreground of the argument and offers material to suggest the radicalness of Benjamin’s project. Detecting a deep cultural crisis in his time, he suggests that a critical position, capable of articulating the past and the present, through a study involving History of Literature and Literary Criticism, would be the only way to strengthen the study of Letters, in order to transform Literature into an organon capable of acting directly on History itself.Keywords: Walter Benjamin; literary theory; literary criticism; literary history; education.

Literature as Thought and Thought as Literature

boundary 2 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-250
Author(s):  
Oliver Simons
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Literature

Paul North’s The Yield: Kafka’s Atheological Reformation is one of the few books to have analyzed Kafka’s so-called Zürau Aphorisms, a collection of short texts from 1917–1918. North reads these notations as “reflections” in the tradition of ontological philosophy, “thoughts” in the style of Blaise Pascal’s Pensées, or a theoretical treatise. By referring to Kafka’s notations as “thoughts before” they are tamed, North suggests that they must be distinguished from all literary forms and that their “real story” cannot be reduced to a specific genre or mode of representation, let alone an epoch in the history of literature. This review is an attempt to respond to North from precisely this point of view: the perspective of literary criticism. It suggests that Kafka’s notations might indeed be part of a longer tradition of aphorisms, a genre that has often been conceived as a philosophical form of writing.

MİR CƏLAL HEKAYƏLƏRİ ƏDƏBİYYATŞÜNASLIQDA

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (01) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Ayşən Əsəd qızı Sadıqlı ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Key Words ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literature History ◽  
History Of Literature

Açar sözlər: Mir Cəlal, Azərbaycan ədəbiyyatı, hekayə janrı, ədəbiyyatşünaslıq, görkəmli nasir Key words: Mir Jalal, Azerbaijani literature, history of literature, story genre, literary criticism, distinguished prose-writer Ключевые слова: Мир Джалал, Азербайджанская литература, жанр рассказа, литературоведение, выдающийся прозаик Əlli illik yaradıcılıq fəaliyyətində görkəmli nasir kimi Azərbaycan ədəbiyyatı tarixində layiqli və şərəfli yer tumuş Mir Cəlal Əli oğlu Paşayev (1908-1978) müasir Azərbaycan hekayəsinin ən yaxşı nümunələrini yaratmışdır. O, hekayə janrının inkişafında və formalaşmasında xüsusi xidmətləri olan sənətkarlarımızdandır. Mir Cəlalın hekayələri həyati problemlər qaldıran, mənəvi-əxlaqi və ictimai-sosial məsələlər əks etdirən oxunaqlı, məzmunlu, tərbiyəvi əsərlərdir. Məqalədə Mir Cəlalın hekayələri ilə bağlı yazılmış əsərlərə, monoqrafiyalara nəzər salınır. O, cümlədən, Y.İsmayılov “Mir Cəlalın yaradıcılığı” (2010), Cəfər Xəndan “Mir Cəlal” (1958), Ramiz Dənizin “Qəlblərdə yaşayan Mir Cəlal” (2008) və s. əsərlərindən bəhs olunur.

scholarly journals History of shipbuilding in the South of the Ukrainian SSR in 1945–1991: theoretical and methodological principles of the research

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Kondratiuk
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
The South ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Right ◽  
Historical Past

Coverage of the past requires, first of all, researcher’s understanding of the essence of the historical knowledge, skills on the principles of epistemology and historical science, using necessary scientific methods, objective reconstruction of the course of events. That is, he must know the ways of research and the ways of learning the past, in other words, he must be knowledgeable about the methodology of the historical science. The modern methodology of history is characterized by diverse, sometimes opposite approaches to the study of the historical past due to, first of all, differences in historians’ worldview and their understanding of a historical reality. All this leads to the formation of a polyvariant, pluralistic, nonlinear methodology. Starting a research, a historian must understand what theoretical principles he will rely on, from which point of view he will consider events and phenomena. At the same time, each researcher has the right to choose his own methodological foundations for comprehension of historical existence, to use logical constructions, principles and methods which, in his opinion, are most optimal for solving a specific scientific problem. Investigating the development of shipbuilding in the South of Ukraine in 1945–1991, the author supports the dialectical understanding of history, believing that dialectics captures (reflects) the most characteristic features of the development. Choosing dialectics and the theory of modernization as the main philosophical approaches, the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematicity, pluralism and modern methodological tools makes it possible to solve the tasks and achieve the goal of a concrete historical research of the development of shipbuilding in the South of Ukraine in 1945–1991.

History of Tour de France from the Geographical Point of View

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 255-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Bačík ◽  
Michal Klobučník
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Tour De France ◽  
Wide Circle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expert Community ◽  
Geographical Point

Abstract The Tour de France, a three week bicycle race has a unique place in the world of sports. The 100th edition of the event took place in 2013. In the past of 110 years of its history, people noticed unique stories and duels in particular periods, celebrities that became legends that the world of sports will never forget. Also many places where the races unfolded made history in the Tour de France. In this article we tried to point out the spatial context of this event using advanced technologies for distribution of historical facts over the Internet. The Introduction briefly displays the attendance of a particular stage based on a regional point of view. The main topic deals with selected historical aspects of difficult ascents which every year decide the winner of Tour de France, and also attract fans from all over the world. In the final stage of the research, the distribution of results on the website available to a wide circle of fans of this sports event played a very significant part (www.tdfrance.eu). Using advanced methods and procedures we have tried to capture the historical and spatial dimensions of Tour de France in its general form and thus offering a new view of this unique sports event not only to the expert community, but for the general public as well.

Reliability of the Plot Related to the Conversation with Deng Xiaoping on the Sino-Soviet Territorial Issues in the Memoirs of E. Shevardnadze

2021 ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Yinan Li
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Deng Xiaoping ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
History Of ◽  
Territorial Claims

In 2009, the former Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR and President of Georgia E.A. Shevardnadze published his memoirs in Russian, which contain an “explosive” plot: while visiting China in February 1989, during his meeting with Deng Xiaoping, a lengthy dispute over border and territorial issues occurred. At that time, Deng allegedly expressed his point of view that vast lands of the Soviet Union, from three to four million square kilometers, belonged to China. Chinese can wait patiently until someday the lands return to China. This content is cited in scientific works by many historians from different countries as an argument. However, there is no other evidence which can prove this recollection. Many details in it contradict the well known historical facts or are completely illogical. There is a good reason to believe that the plot in the memoirs of Shevardnadze is an incorrect recollection. It could even be considered as a made-up story. Moreover, it is possible that it was fabricated for some reasons. Hence, the plot is not worthy of being quoted as a reliable source. At the Sino-Soviet summit Deng Xiaoping did have expressed the point of view that in the past Russia and then the Soviet Union cut off millions of square kilometers of land from China, but at the same time he promised the leader of the Soviet Union that China would not make territorial claims. Since the mid-1980s Deng Xiaoping actively promoted the settlement of the Sino-Soviet border issues through negotiations, which led to the result that 99% of the border between Russia and China was delimited on a legal basis in the last years of his life. At present, the problems of the Sino-Russian border have been finally resolved long ago. There is no doubt that the scientific research and discussions on issues related to territory and borders in the history of Sino-Soviet relations can be made. However, such research and discussions should be based on reliable sources.

Tutoring in Russia: Current Situation and Tendencies of Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Tatiana Le-van
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
Educational Organization ◽  
The Past ◽  
Self Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Russian Education ◽  
History Of Formation

The article deals with tutoring as a kind of pedagogical activity in Russia. It describes the history of formation and development of tutoring for the past 25 years. Particular attention is paid to the understanding of the tutoring in the context of the development of professional standards for the profession. The author’s understanding of tutoring as a social mechanism for self-development in the Russian education system is revealed. This social mechanism is considered from the staff development’s point of view at all levels of education (federal, regional, at the level of each educational organization) in the aspects of teachers’ participation in the students’ wellbeing, by the promotion of their healthy lifestyles.

“Cultural diplomacy” in the absence of diplomatic relations: Pushkin’s “Vsevolozhsky Writing book” returns to Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 251-268
Author(s):  
Aleksandr A. Silkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Diplomatic Relations ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Over Time

The return of the “Vsevolozhsky Writing Book” from Belgrade to Moscow (1933) is of interest not only from the point of view of studying and preserving literary heritage, but also as an important episode in the history of Russian-Serbian relations. These relations are a complex phenomenon, the evolution of which, according to Miroslav Jovanović, took course at “various levels of the historical past: in the plane of politics and diplomacy; spiritual and church, social and cultural ties; relatively frequent migrations from one environment to another; fragmented economic relations; and, finally, in the plane of individual, personal contacts, connections and impressions”. It is obvious what of the above in particular came to the fore during the period of mutual non-recognition between the USSR and Yu-goslavia (1918-1940). The correspondence between the Serbian philologist and translator Jovan Maksimović and Vladimir Bonch-Bruevich that resulted in the acquisition of the Pushkin manuscript by the Literary Museum refers to the type of informal contacts that maintained relations between Russia and Serbia even when political ties were interrupted. “Over time, cultural, spiritual, and social contacts developed into what is today called traditional in Serbian-Russian relations, and what greatly influenced the formation of collective memory, mentality, and mutual perception”. As for the Serbs, one of the peculiarities of this perception was the widespread Russophilia or the idea of “real/fictional proximity” with the Russians. Without this, Pushkin's manuscript would not have returned to Russia.

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