Visionary women: Sustaining the language and culture in Samoan early childhood centres

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Joeana Togiaso
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Master's Thesis ◽  
Barriers And Challenges

This article focuses on the powerful role of Samoan women sustaining the language and culture in Aotearoa. It presents findings from my Master’s thesis that explored the experiences of seven Samoan women who were involved in the establishment of three a’oga amata (Samoan early childhood centres) in Christchurch (Togiaso, 2017). This qualitative study had a conceptual framework of Pacific epistemologies including fa’a Samoa (a Samoan way of life) and teu le vā (to look after spaces). Questionnaires, semistructured interviews, and autoethnography were methods used. Findings revealed that Samoan women overcame major barriers and challenges in setting up unique spaces of learning that became places of belonging and cultural transmission for children, families, and the community. However, colonial incursions continue to be barriers in sustaining the Samoan language, culture, and fa’a Samoa.

scholarly journals Long COVID and the role of physical activity: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e047632
Author(s):  
Helen Humphreys ◽  
Laura Kilby ◽  
Nik Kudiersky ◽  
Robert Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Insight Into

ObjectivesTo explore the lived experience of long COVID with particular focus on the role of physical activity.DesignQualitative study using semistructured interviews.Participants18 people living with long COVID (9 men, 9 women; aged between 18–74 years; 10 white British, 3 white Other, 3 Asian, 1 black, 1 mixed ethnicity) recruited via a UK-based research interest database for people with long COVID.SettingTelephone interviews with 17 participants living in the UK and 1 participant living in the USA.ResultsFour themes were generated. Theme 1 describes how participants struggled with drastically reduced physical function, compounded by the cognitive and psychological effects of long COVID. Theme 2 highlights challenges associated with finding and interpreting advice about physical activity that was appropriately tailored. Theme 3 describes individual approaches to managing symptoms including fatigue and ‘brain fog’ while trying to resume and maintain activities of daily living and other forms of exercise. Theme 4 illustrates the battle with self-concept to accept reduced function (even temporarily) and the fear of permanent reduction in physical and cognitive ability.ConclusionsThis study provides insight into the challenges of managing physical activity alongside the extended symptoms associated with long COVID. Findings highlight the need for greater clarity and tailoring of physical activity-related advice for people with long COVID and improved support to resume activities important to individual well-being.

Exploring novice Indian school counsellors’ experiences collaborating with teachers and administrators

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Aashna Sadana ◽  
Aneesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
School Climate ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Indian School ◽  
School Counsellors ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Collaboration Strategies

Abstract Previous studies have shown that collaboration between school counsellors and other stakeholders such as teachers and administrators leads to improved outcomes for students and a better school climate. The current qualitative study explored the experiences and perceptions of novice school counsellors in India regarding collaboration with teachers and administrators. The sample included 11 novice school counsellors working in five different cities who were recruited using purposive sampling. The thematic analysis of the data collected via semistructured interviews revealed six main themes: ‘Counsellors’ perceptions about collaboration’, ‘Collaboration with teachers’, ‘Collaboration with administrators’, ‘Challenges faced during collaboration’, ‘Strategies helpful in collaboration’ and ‘Impact of training’. Implications discussed include the need for school counsellors to advocate for their role, the need for training programs to prepare stakeholders for collaboration, and the need for policies to integrate the role of a school counsellor into schools.

scholarly journals Language As a Memory Carrier Of Perceptually-Based Knowledge. Selected Aspects Of Imagery In Chaucer’s Knight’s Tale And Troilus And Criseyde

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Stadnik
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cultural Transmission ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Troilus And Criseyde ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cumulative Cultural Evolution

AbstractIn the paper, we address the question of the relation between language and culture from a Cognitive Linguistic perspective. While accounting for the role of language as an aid to cultural transmission in maintaining the community’s conceptual order, we address the question of whether the concept of a linguistic worldview aptly captures the interplay between language and culture. We suggest that, due to cumulative cultural evolution spurred by the incessant development of human knowledge, layers of conceptualisations accumulate over time. It is proposed that this palimpsest of conceptualisations results from human interaction that transcends the constraints of the present moment, encompassing the past and present, as well as delineating possible developments of the community’s future conceptual order.

scholarly journals What are the requirements for developing a successful national registry of auditory implants? A qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e021720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishi Mandavia ◽  
Alec Knight ◽  
Alexander W Carter ◽  
Connor Toal ◽  
Elias Mossialos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Guidelines Development ◽  
Semistructured Interviews

ObjectivesHearing loss is an area of unmet need, and industry is targeting this field with a growing range of surgically implanted hearing devices. Currently, there is no comprehensive UK registry capturing data on these devices; in its absence, it is difficult to monitor clinical and cost-effectiveness and develop national policy. Recognising that developing such a registry faces considerable challenges, it is important to gather opinions from stakeholders and patients. This paper builds on our systematic review on surgical registry development and aims to identify the specific requirements for developing a successful national registry of auditory implants.DesignQualitative study.ParticipantsData were collected in two ways: (1) semistructured interviews with UK professional stakeholders; and (2) focus groups with patients with hearing loss. The interview and focus group schedules were informed by our systematic review on registry development. Data were analysed using directed content analysis. Judges mapped the themes obtained against a conceptual framework developed from our systematic review on registry development. The conceptual framework consisted of five categories for successful registry development: (1) planning, (2) registry governance, (3) registry dataset, (4) anticipating challenges, (5) implementing solutions.ResultsTwenty-seven themes emerged from 40 semistructured interviews with professional stakeholders and 18 themes emerged from three patient focus groups. The most important factor for registry success was high rates of data completion. Benefits of developing a successful registry of auditory implants include: strengthening the evidence base and regulation of auditory implants, driving quality and safety improvements, increased transparency, facilitating patient decision-making and informing policy and guidelines development.ConclusionsThis study identifies the requirements for developing a successful national registry of auditory implants, benefiting from the involvement of numerous professional stakeholder groups and patients with hearing loss. Our approach may be used internationally to inform successful registry development.

scholarly journals Motivation, challenges and realities of volunteer community cardiac arrest response: a qualitative study of ‘lay’ community first responders

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e029015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás Barry ◽  
Suzanne Guerin ◽  
Gerard Bury
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Complex Care ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

ObjectivesTo explore the reasons why lay community first responders (CFRs) volunteer to participate in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest response and the realities of their experience in providing this service to the community.DesignA qualitative study, using in-depth semistructured interviews that were recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was undertaken and credibility checks conducted.SettingNine geographically varied lay CFR schemes throughout Ireland.ParticipantsTwelve experienced CFRs.ResultsCFRs were motivated to participate based on a variety of factors. These included altruistic, social and pre-existing emergency care interest. A proportion of CFRs may volunteer because of experience of cardiac arrest or illness in a relative. Sophisticated structures and complex care appear to underpin CFR involvement in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Strategic and organisational issues, multifaceted cardiac arrest care and the psychosocial impact of participation were considered.ConclusionsHealth systems that facilitate CFR out-of-hospital cardiac arrest response should consider a variety of relevant issues. These issues include the suitability of those that volunteer, complexities of resuscitation/end-of-life care, responder psychological welfare as well as CFRs’ core role of providing early basic life support and defibrillation in the community.

Meaningful Participation in Early Childhood General Education Using Natural Supports

1996 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. Erwin
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
General Education ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Natural Supports ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Natural Support

This qualitative study used participant observation and semistructured interviews to examine the types of natural support that were provided and the adaptive strategies used to promote the inclusion of Ryan, a 3 year old with a visual impairment, in a community-based preschool. It found that the adults and classmates gave Ryan natural support in a variety of ways and that Ryan used distinctive adaptive strategies to carry out tasks independently.

scholarly journals Evaluation of parents’ views about etiologic factors of severe early childhood caries: A qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Arian Hesam Arefi ◽  
Hoda Shamsaddin ◽  
Mojgan Balvardi ◽  
Hamidreza Poureslami ◽  
Masumeh Danesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Medical Clinics ◽  
Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background. Severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) is a rapid form of dental caries that firstly affects primary upper incisors of children less <3 years of age and can cause interference in child’s health by pain, nutritional deficiencies and sleep disorders. It seems there are many unknown factors in the etiology as well as progression of S-ECC. The aim of this study was to assess parents' views in this relation. Methods. In this qualitative study parent’s views and their 1‒3-year-old children were studied when they visited pediatric medical clinics in Kerman. After cleaning the children teeth and examination of them to discover caries, they were placed in 2 groups with or without S-ECC. Then each parent was interviewed separately and their comments were collected and studied. Examinations and interviews continued with parents until they did not express anything new. Results. Parents of children without S-ECC had better understanding about S-ECC related factors than parents of children with S-ECC and greater number of them (without significant differences) expressed known reasons for occurrence of S-ECC. There were differences among known reasons and proposed reasons mostly in parents of children with S-ECC, although the differences were not significant. Maternal stress and amount of breast milk’s lactose were factors that were reported by some parents while there were unknown factors related to the etiology of S-ECC. Furthermore, no parents mentioned factors like saliva or mode of delivery. Conclusion. The most important achievement of the study was the attention of some parents to the role of their chronic stress in the occurrence of S-ECC. Another important consideration was that none of the parents mentioned the important role of the quality and quantity of saliva in preventing S-ECC, which should be promoted in the community.

scholarly journals Exploration of GP perspectives on deprescribing antidepressants: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e046054
Author(s):  
Dervla Kelly ◽  
Justin Graffi ◽  
Maria Noonan ◽  
Philip Green ◽  
John McFarland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
University Education ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Recurrent Depression ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Service Factors

ObjectiveOur aim was to explore general practitioners’ (GPs) perceptions and experiences of discontinuing antidepressants.Study designA qualitative study using semistructured interviews was undertaken between July 2019 and March 2020. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using a thematic analysis framework.SettingGPs affiliated with a university education and research network for general practice in Ireland.ParticipantsA purposive sample of GPs (n=10).ResultsFive themes emerged: shared decision-making; personalised therapy; medication-tapering toolkit; health service factors and concerns around tapering. GPs described being less likely to engage in deprescribing for patients with long-term and/or recurrent depression, older patients and those with comorbidities due to fear of relapse. Access to evidence-based psychological therapies, guidelines, information on rates of relapse, patient leaflets on discontinuing antidepressants and reminder prompts on GP-prescribing software were suggested to optimise appropriate antidepressant discontinuation. There was some suggestion that patients may use antidepressants for longer when talk therapy is not available or taken up.ConclusionsGPs are largely confident in their role of managing mild-to-moderate depression and deprescribing antidepressants. This study provides an insight into factors that influence GPs’ decisions to deprescribe antidepressants. More information on rates of relapse after discontinuation would be helpful to inform decision-making.

Metaphysics as a Way of Life: Heymericus de Campo on Universals and the “Inner Man”

Vivarium ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-334
Author(s):  
Dragos Calma
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Pierre Hadot

Abstract Pierre Hadot famously claimed that, between Antiquity and German Idealism, Western philosophy had lost its practical role of guiding the life of the practitioner. Scholars who challenged this view focused on two medieval models. This article argues that the overlooked work Colliget principiorum iuris naturalis, divini et humani philosophice doctrinalium by Heymericus de Campo postulates a third model. On the basis of St. Paul’s teaching about the “inner man,” Heymericus reconsiders the Aristotelian doctrines of abstraction and of being as such in relation to the Neoplatonic model of intellectual progression and interior conversion. In a realist conceptual framework, he holds that only metaphysics reflects the true nature of the human being inasmuch as it presupposes a way of life that assumes both the interaction with and withdrawal from the sensible world. However, Heymericus’ theory is neither limited to nor conditioned by Christian principles, but by Peripatetic philosophy (understood in the broad, Albertinian tradition).

A Qualitative Study to Explore the Needs of Lung Transplant Caregivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
Ashley Yagelniski ◽  
Nicola Rosaasen ◽  
Louise Cardinal ◽  
Mark E. Fenton ◽  
Julian Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Lung Transplant ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Transplant Center ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Emerging Themes ◽  
Transplant Candidates

Introduction: Providing support throughout the lung transplant process is an intensive task, which requires a dedicated caregiver. The needs of caregivers who must relocate with their loved one receiving the transplant are currently unknown. The objective of this study is to explore experiences and perceptions of lung transplant caregivers identified from a satellite clinic to inform the development of educational resources. Methods: A qualitative study with a phenomenology approach was undertaken with individuals who have taken on the role of a caregiver for lung transplant candidates or recipients and must travel to the specialized transplant center. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 caregivers. Interviews conducted by phone were audio-recorded and then transcribed verbatim. NVivo software was used to code the data and identify emerging themes. Results: Ideas were classified into the following 4 themes: (1) the stress of being a caregiver, (2) caregivers undertake a variety of roles, (3) caregivers require support, and (4) satisfaction with health care providers. Even though the caregivers lived an average of 7.1 (standard deviation 2) hours from the surgical transplant center, all expressed satisfaction with the level of care that they received. Caregivers identified several stressors during the transplant process and described various strategies for coping. Conclusion: Caregivers shared their experiences on the transplant process. It was evident that being a caregiver was a stressful and supports were necessary for those undertaking this role. These insights will help inform the development of a new educational resource for patients and caregivers.

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