Classification of stages of development of the fuel and energy balance structure taking into account the economic ecologization factor

Author(s):  
Vasiliy Yu. Nemov ◽  

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the development of the global energy market, highlights the key stages and gives their distinctive characteristics. Steady tendencies of each stage are revealed taking into account the dynamics and structure of changes in the fuel and energy balance at the level of macroregions and individual countries. It is shown that the dynamics and structure of the use of various energy carriers is uneven throughout the continuation of the development of human society. Particular attention is paid to the greening of the economy, the study of the causes and consequences of increased CO2 emissions, the impact on the economy.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-480
Author(s):  
Steven Wright

For the Gulf states, the COVID-19 pandemic has acted as an accelerant to systemic fiscal challenges the states were projected to face. These longer-term fiscal challenges were a result of fundamental shifts in the global energy market towards lacklustre demand, oversupply of oil and gas, and depressed prices. Moreover, the shift towards carbon -neutrality and investment in renewables by key regions such as the European Union and China, have added to the long-term outlook on fossil fuel demand. This article examines such trends and concludes that the Gulf region is facing a looming fiscal cliff, whereby public policy within the Gulf states will necessarily reflect the three main areas of taxation, austerity and increased activity in the bond market to raise liquidity. Such trends have been made more pronounced by the pandemic. It is argued that in the context of rising debt, the immediate challenge identified for these states will be their peg to the United States Dollar. Such fiscal conditions will necessitate a drive by these states to attract foreign direct investment, and greater engagement with China through the Belt and Road Initiative is identified as a likely outcome. Therefore, this article concludes that the impact of the pandemic will hasten a shift in both public policy, state-society-relations, and in the international relations of the region.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 159-176
Author(s):  
Marcin Koczan

The process of creation the goals of the European Union’s energy and climate policy until 2030. Consequences for Poland This study analyses the first energy and climate package adopted in 2008 (the so-called „20-20-20” package), setting goals for the European Union and the member states by 2020. Then describes the process of shaping the goals of the energy and climate policy of the European Union until 2030. The author focuses on the aspects that affect the electricity sector in Poland, boost renewable energy usage, re‑form the European energy market and reducing CO2 emissions. The text ends with conclusions and recommendations regarding the impact of the European Union’s energy and climate policy on the electricity sector in Poland.


2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Ersalina Tang

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of Foreign Direct Investment, Gross Domestic Product, Energy Consumption, Electric Consumption, and Meat Consumption on CO2 emissions of 41 countries in the world using panel data from 1999 to 2013. After analyzing 41 countries in the world data, furthermore 17 countries in Asia was analyzed with the same period. This study utilized quantitative approach with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression method. The results of 41 countries in the world data indicates that Foreign Direct Investment, Gross Domestic Product, Energy Consumption, and Meat Consumption significantlyaffect Environmental Qualities which measured by CO2 emissions. Whilst the results of 17 countries in Asia data implies that Foreign Direct Investment, Energy Consumption, and Electric Consumption significantlyaffect Environmental Qualities. However, Gross Domestic Product and Meat Consumption does not affect Environmental Qualities.


2019 ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Alexandr Neznamov

Digital technologies are no longer the future but are the present of civil proceedings. That is why any research in this direction seems to be relevant. At the same time, some of the fundamental problems remain unattended by the scientific community. One of these problems is the problem of classification of digital technologies in civil proceedings. On the basis of instrumental and genetic approaches to the understanding of digital technologies, it is concluded that their most significant feature is the ability to mediate the interaction of participants in legal proceedings with information; their differentiating feature is the function performed by a particular technology in the interaction with information. On this basis, it is proposed to distinguish the following groups of digital technologies in civil proceedings: a) technologies of recording, storing and displaying (reproducing) information, b) technologies of transferring information, c) technologies of processing information. A brief description is given to each of the groups. Presented classification could serve as a basis for a more systematic discussion of the impact of digital technologies on the essence of civil proceedings. Particularly, it is pointed out that issues of recording, storing, reproducing and transferring information are traditionally more «technological» for civil process, while issues of information processing are more conceptual.


2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
R. N. Ibragimov

The article examines the impact of internal and external risks on the stability of the financial system of the Altai Territory. Classification of internal and external risks of decline, affecting the sustainable development of the financial system, is presented. A risk management strategy is proposed that will allow monitoring of risks, thereby these measures will help reduce the loss of financial stability and ensure the long-term development of the economy of the region.


1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 633-643
Author(s):  
William F. Garber

The history of human society is replete with examples of advances in technology overrunning the ability of societal organizations to efficiently handle the resulting massive societal dislocations. The social impacts of the “Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th Centuries” illustrate how profound such effects can be. The automation-computer-robotics revolution now underway also has the potential for serious societal changes. In this regard public works activities are subject to increasing amounts of automation with impacts upon current and net total employment and training needs. To evaluate the present status of automation in the USA, questionnaires were sent to public works authorities in 110 cities or agencies. The current degree of automation, the impact upon employment and the skills now needed by public works employers were queried. It was found that in most cases automation was just starting; but that as complete automation as was possible was inevitable given the increasing complexity of the tasks, the demands of the public and the long term prospects for public works funding. In many cases the candidates now in the work force were not properly trained for automation needs. Retraining and changes in the educational system appeared necessary if the employees now needed were to be continuously available. Public works management as well as several labor organizations appeared to be aware of this need and were organizing to handle the training problem and the changes in employment qualifications now necessary. It appeared to be a consensus that the larger societal effects of automation should be handled by society as a whole.


Author(s):  
Derek Burton ◽  
Margaret Burton

Fish diversity is considered in terms of variety of their morphological, taxonomic, habitat and population attributes. Fish, with over 30, 000 current species, represent the largest group of vertebrates. The complexity of classification of a group of this size and antiquity, together with recognition of additional species, demands continuous ongoing revision. The impact of the recent fundamental changes in fish classification in 2016 is discussed. Life in water involves adaptations to widely different habitats which can result in physiological morphological and life-style variations which are reviewed.


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