scholarly journals Structural Study and Upgrading of Kazakhstan Oil Sands

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Ye. Tileuberdi ◽  
Z.A. Mansurov ◽  
Ye.K. Ongarbayev ◽  
B.K. Tuleutaev
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Monotonic Heating

In the paper separation methods of organic part from oil sands were investigated at experimentally. For the determination of organic part (liquid fraction) of oil sands the extraction methods was used in Soxhlet apparatus by solvent. Thermal processing was carried out with a monotonic heating of oil sands from room temperature to 500 ºC. As showing results, organic part of Beke and Munayli-Mola oil sands studied by extraction method were 12.0 wt.% and 16 wt.%. Thermal processing results showed, that the organic part of Beke and Munayli-Mola oil sands were 9.6 wt.% and 13.5 wt.%. Physical and chemical characteristics of liquid fraction are established by standard methods.

Extraction and Thermal Processing of Beke Oil Sands

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Yerdos Ongarbayev ◽  
Yerbol Tileuberdi ◽  
Berik Tuleutaev ◽  
Zulkhair Mansurov ◽  
Fail R. Sultanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Monotonic Heating ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

In the paper separation methods of organic part from oil sands were investigated at experimantally. For the determination of organic part (liquid fraction) of oil sands the extraction methods was used in Soxhlet apparatus by solvent. Thermal processing was carried out with a monotonic heating of oil sands from room temperature to 560 0C. As showing results, organic part of Beke oil sands studied by extraction method were 12.0 wt.%. Thermal processing results showed, that the organic part of Beke oil sands were 9.6 wt.%. Physical and mechanical characteristics of liquid fraction are established by standard methods.

Study of Natural Bitumen Extracted from Oil Sands

2013 ◽  
Vol 467 ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yerbol Tileuberdi ◽  
Yerdos Ongarbaev ◽  
Berik Tuleutaev ◽  
Zulkhair Mansurov ◽  
Frank Behrendt
Keyword(s):  
Oil Sands ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Natural Bitumen ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
Needle Penetration ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In the paper physical and chemical properties of natural bitumen of oil sands were investigated. For the determination of organic part (natural bitumen) of oil sands the extraction methods was used in Soxhlet apparatus by solvent. Physical and mechanical characteristics of natural bitumen (NB) are established by standard methods: softening temperature was determined by the method Ring and Ball, depth of needle penetration was determined at apparatus Penetrometer, extensibility was determined by apparatus Ductilometer.

Interactions Between Al and Cr Thin Films

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
R. M. Anderson ◽  
T. M. Reith ◽  
M. J. Sullivan ◽  
E. K. Brandis
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Diffusion Couples ◽  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Intermetallic Formation ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Aluminum Silicon

Thin films of aluminum or aluminum-silicon can be used in conjunction with thin films of chromium in integrated electronic circuits. For some applications, these films exhibit undesirable reactions; in particular, intermetallic formation below 500 C must be inhibited or prevented. The Al films, being the principal current carriers in interconnective metal applications, are usually much thicker than the Cr; so one might expect Al-rich intermetallics to form when the processing temperature goes out of control. Unfortunately, the JCPDS and the literature do not contain enough data on the Al-rich phases CrAl7 and Cr2Al11, and the determination of these data was a secondary aim of this work.To define a matrix of Cr-Al diffusion couples, Cr-Al films were deposited with two sets of variables: Al or Al-Si, and broken vacuum or single pumpdown. All films were deposited on 2-1/4-inch thermally oxidized Si substrates. A 500-Å layer of Cr was deposited at 120 Å/min on substrates at room temperature, in a vacuum system that had been pumped to 2 x 10-6 Torr. Then, with or without vacuum break, a 1000-Å layer of Al or Al-Si was deposited at 35 Å/s, with the substrates still at room temperature.

STEM and ELS Observation of Early Oxide Formation on the Surface of Cr Thin Films

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 412-413
Author(s):  
Fumio Watari ◽  
J. M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical System ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Oxide Formation ◽  
Initial Nucleation ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Multiple Twinning ◽  
Moderately High Temperature

STEM coupled with the optical system was used for the investigation of the early oxidation on the surface of Cr. Cr thin films (30 – 1000Å) were prepared by evaporation onto the polished or air-cleaved NaCl substrates at room temperature and 45°C in a vacuum of 10−6 Torr with an evaporation speed 0.3Å/sec. Rather thick specimens (200 – 1000Å) with various preferred orientations were used for the investigation of the oxidation at moderately high temperature (600 − 1100°C). Selected area diffraction patterns in these specimens are usually very much complicated by the existence of the different kinds of oxides and their multiple twinning. The determination of the epitaxial orientation relationship of the oxides formed on the Cr surface was made possible by intensive use of the optical system and microdiffraction techniques. Prior to the formation of the known rhombohedral Cr2O3, a thin spinel oxide, probably analogous to γ -Al203 or γ -Fe203, was formed. Fig. 1a shows the distinct epitaxial growth of the spinel (001) as well as the rhombohedral (125) on the well-oriented Cr(001) surface. In the case of the Cr specimen with the (001) preferred orientation (Fig. 1b), the rings explainable by spinel structure appeared as well as the well defined epitaxial spots of the spinel (001). The microdif fraction from 20A areas (Fig. 2a) clearly shows the same pattern as Fig. Ia with the weaker oxide spots among the more intense Cr spots, indicating that the thickness of the oxide is much less than that of Cr. The rhombohedral Cr2O3 was nucleated preferably at the Cr(011) sites provided by the polycrystalline nature of the present specimens with the relation Cr2O3 (001)//Cr(011), and by further oxidation it grew into full coverage of the rest of the Cr surface with the orientation determined by the initial nucleation.

A New Method for Direct Determination of the Recoilless Fraction with Application to Magnetic Nanoparticles

2002 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Sorescu
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Lattice Method ◽  
Recoilless Fraction ◽  
Single Room ◽  
Magnetite Particles ◽  
Physical Mixtures

AbstractWe propose a two-lattice method for direct determination of the recoilless fraction using a single room-temperature transmission Mössbauer measurement. The method is first demonstrated for the case of iron and metallic glass two-foil system and is next generalized for the case of physical mixtures of two powders. We further apply this method to determine the recoilless fraction of hematite and magnetite particles. Finally, we provide direct measurement of the recoilless fraction in nanohematite and nanomagnetite with an average particle size of 19 nm.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE RED BOOK OF SOILS FOR MONITORING AND JUSTIFICATION OF CONSERVATION MEASURES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.S. Bezuglova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Soil Maps ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Background Data ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Rostov Region belongs to the highly protected natural territories characterized by the continuous plowing. There territories are the only reserves with the soils preserved in their natural state. However, these areas often lack detailed information about the soils quality and composition. Surveying soils on these territories is crucial for determination of their basic physical and chemical properties. The resulted compilation of soil maps could lay a foundation for creating the Red Book of Soils and the formation of a section in the soil-geographical database of the Russian Federation. Subsequently, such information can be used as a background data for the main types of soils in the region. It will be also valuable during monitoring and justification of conservation measures.

Single Crystal Growth of High-Pressure Phases of Ice and Salt Hydrate Far Below the Original Melting Point by Mixing Alcohol: Crystal Structure Determination of Magnesium Chloride Heptahydrate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishiro Yamashita ◽  
Kazuki Komatsu ◽  
Hiroyuki Kagi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Salt Hydrate ◽  
X Ray

An crystal-growth technique for single crystal x-ray structure analysis of high-pressure forms of hydrogen-bonded crystals is proposed. We used alcohol mixture (methanol: ethanol = 4:1 in volumetric ratio), which is a widely used pressure transmitting medium, inhibiting the nucleation and growth of unwanted crystals. In this paper, two kinds of single crystals which have not been obtained using a conventional experimental technique were obtained using this technique: ice VI at 1.99 GPa and MgCl<sub>2</sub>·7H<sub>2</sub>O at 2.50 GPa at room temperature. Here we first report the crystal structure of MgCl2·7H2O. This technique simultaneously meets the requirement of hydrostaticity for high-pressure experiments and has feasibility for further in-situ measurements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document