scholarly journals Old Keyam – A Framework for Examining Disproportionate Experience of Tuberculosis Among Aboriginal Peoples of the Canadian Prairies

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Kathleen McMullin ◽  
Sylvia Abonyi ◽  
Maria Mayan ◽  
Pamela Orr ◽  
Carmen Lopez-Hille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Tuberculosis Transmission ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

On the Canadian Prairies, First Nations and Métis peoples are disproportionately affected by tuberculosis (TB) compared to other Canadians. Statistics show enduring transmission and high rates of active TB disease. Despite awareness of the social determinants of TB transmission—such as substance abuse, comorbidities, and basic needs being unmet—transmission and outbreaks continue to occur among Aboriginal people. The Determinants of Tuberculosis Transmission project is a mixed methods, interdisciplinary study that used quantitative questionnaires and qualitative interviews to look more closely at patients’ experiences of TB. Provincial Network Committees (PNCs) comprised of Elders, traditionalists, community-based TB workers, and health researchers in three participating provinces guided the project from inception through to data analysis, interpretation, and dissemination. The collaborative efforts of the patients, the research team, and the PNCs uncovered a continuing influence of colonization in TB transmission. Overwhelming feelings of apathy and despair for the hold that TB continues to have in the lives of patients, families, and communities is captured by the Cree word “keyam,” which may be translated as “to give up” or to ask, “What is the use?” This paper explores the concept of keyam in relation to TB transmission.

scholarly journals Preventing Obesity in Canada’s Aboriginal Children: Not Just a Matter of Eating Right and Getting Active

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie A Ferris
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right ◽  
Aboriginal Children ◽  
And Training

Obesity is a growing issue for all children. Many experts say that preventing obesity is largely a matter of eating the right foods and getting enough physical activity. This advice doesn’t recognize the fact that First Nations, Inuit, and Métis children face unique barriers to growing up healthy and strong simply because of their identity. This paper discusses how the social determinants of health impact the ability of Aboriginal children to grow up free of obesity. The paper highlights results from a community-based research project conducted amongst Aboriginal parents and service providers in Ontario who wish to prevent obesity amongst their own young children and clients. Research was carried out over two years to help develop a “toolkit” and training program to help service provides increase efforts to prevent obesity amongst First Nations, Inuit, and Métis children from the ages of 2 to 6 in Ontario.

scholarly journals Chronic bronchitis in Aboriginal people—prevalence and associated factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Konrad ◽  
A Hossain ◽  
A Senthilselvan ◽  
JA Dosman ◽  
MD Pahwa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Introduction Knowledge about chronic bronchitis (CB) among Aboriginal people in Canada is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CB and its associated factors among Aboriginal people aged 15 years plus. Methods Logistic regression analysis was used on data from the cross-sectional 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey to determine risk factors associated with CB. Results CB prevalence was 6.6% among First Nations, 6.2% among Métis and 2.4% among Inuit. Prevalence was higher among females than males (7.2% versus 5.0%). Individuals with CB were more likely to be older, living at a lower income, with a lower educational attainment and residing in rural areas. Smoking status and body mass index were also significantly associated with CB, but their effect differed by sex. Obesity was particularly significantly associated with CB among females compared with males, and current smoking and non-smoking status was significantly associated with CB among females but not males. Conclusion These findings identify factors associated with CB among Aboriginal people. As such, they may represent potentially preventable risk factors that can inform health promotion and disease prevention practices.

Innovating for Transformation in First Nations Health Using Community-Based Participatory Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1036-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Kyoon-Achan ◽  
Josée Lavoie ◽  
Kathi Avery Kinew ◽  
Wanda Phillips-Beck ◽  
Naser Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Sustainable Change ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Participatory Research Approach

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) provides the opportunity to engage communities for sustainable change. We share a journey to transformation in our work with eight Manitoba First Nations seeking to improve the health of their communities and discuss lessons learned. The study used community-based participatory research approach for the conceptualization of the study, data collection, analysis, and knowledge translation. It was accomplished through a variety of methods, including qualitative interviews, administrative health data analyses, surveys, and case studies. Research relationships built on strong ethics and protocols to enhance mutual commitment to support community-driven transformation. Collaborative and respectful relationships are platforms for defining and strengthening community health care priorities. We further discuss how partnerships were forged to own and sustain innovations. This article contributes a blueprint for respectful CBPR. The outcome is a community-owned, widely recognized process that is sustainable while fulfilling researcher and funding obligations.

On the Origins and Spread of Pan-Indian Spirituality in Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-334
Author(s):  
Marc Fonda
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Political Protest ◽  
Indigenous Cultures ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S

Since the 1960s, often in an urban setting and alongside the Friendship Centre movement, emerged a form of pan-Indian spirituality often used to connect urban Aboriginal people living far from their home communities and provide a safe cultural meeting place, a harbour for political protest, and an opportunity to embark on healing journeys. This paper will provide an introduction into some of the characteristics of pan-Indian spirituality mainly as expressed through the Healing Movement in particular, the social contexts in which it is emerging, and its national and international reach. The example of the Healing Movement, I argue, demonstrates the complexities of pan-Indian Spirituality, since it is developing through an interplay with localized Indigenous traditions and increasing levels of cross-tribal cultural and spiritual sharing, the encounter of Anglo-European and Indigenous cultures in the development of an ideology of pan-Indian spirituality, and the opportunities and challenges of the significant urbanized nature of Canadian First Nations’ lives.

scholarly journals “It’s Our Country”: First Nations’ Participation in the Indian Pavilion at Expo 67

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myra Rutherdale ◽  
Jim Miller
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Native Canadians ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expo 67 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper traces the history of Aboriginal people’s participation in national spectacle and argues that the Indian Pavilion at Expo 67 was unique in its assertion of the portrayal of Native/Newcomer relations. Historians have interpreted the impact of the Indian Pavilion as an event that awakened non-Native Canadians to both the plight of Aboriginal peoples and their increasing unwillingness to suffer in silence. The controversy over the contents and general argument of the Indian Pavilion followed soon after the release of the two-volume Hawthorn Report on the social and economic conditions First Nations faced, and operated just as the federal government was initiating a series of talks with First Nations leaders to forge a new policy towards First Nations. At the same time, there is little evidence that the Indian Pavilion, whatever succès de scandale it enjoyed, had a lasting impact on public opinion or policymakers. Where the experience of mounting, operating, and defending the Indian Pavilion did matter, however, was with First Nations themselves. Whether causation or coincidence, the newfound confidence and pride that underlay the creation of the Indian Pavilion was completely consistent with the positive demeanour of Aboriginal political leaders from the late 1960s on.

scholarly journals The Oral Histories of Canada's Northern People, Anglo-Canadian Evidence Law, and Canada's Fiduciary Duty to First Nations: Breaking Down the Barriers of the Past

1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clay McLeod
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Fiduciary Duty ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Oral Histories ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
The North ◽  
System A ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Rules Of Evidence

This article is a call for Canadian Courts to interpret, respect and develop First Nations' rights from the perspective of the aboriginal peoples themselves. McLeod focuses on the First Nations of the North and how their traditional use of oral histories is profoundly affected by the current Canadian rules of evidence. Indeed, the whole concept of the adversarial system, a system based on Western European culture, assumptions, and principles, and its effectiveness in determining the "truth" is shown to be inadequate at addressing the concept of the "truth" as defined by the First Nations. McLeod exposes an inexcusable "cross-cultural clash" occurring within Canadian courtrooms that is causing the rules of evidence to become tools of oppression preventing the oral histories of the First Nations from properly being admitted and given due weight. McLeod continues, however, to suggest ways by which some of the rules of evidence could be utilized so as to effectively allow the aboriginal people the opportunity of presenting their oral histories to the Courts and having them accepted as being valid and trustworthy.

scholarly journals Acceptability of Clinical Services Provided to First Nations Families

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Kalinowski ◽  
Toby Martin ◽  
Carly Cressman
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Social Validity ◽  
Clinical Services ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings

Canadians should have equal qualities and levels of healthcare. This has not always been the case, especially for First Nations Peoples in Canada, as the death of Jordan River Anderson, a First Nations boy from Norway House Cree Nation, illustrated. In response to this gap in services, Jordan’s Principle was created to provide First Nations Children with increased access to adequate healthcare. The present study assessed the social validity of community-based clinical services provided under Jordan’s Principle. Three respondent groups were surveyed to measure satisfaction with current services. Research findings serve to inform service providers of the quality of the services and may ultimately increase the quality of life of individuals served by similar endeavours. Results indicated high levels of satisfaction amongst service recipients, a promising outcome for service providers and funders. Through this research endeavour, it is evident that further services are not only warranted but actively welcomed. Keywords: Indigenous, First Nations, social validity, consumer satisfaction, service delivery

The Importance of the 'Family Meeting' in Health Care Communication with Indigenous People: Findings from an Australian study

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pam McGrath ◽  
Mary Anne Patton ◽  
Hamish Holewa ◽  
Robert Rayne
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Family Meeting ◽  
Health Care Communication ◽  
Family Meetings ◽  
Lack Of Information

The following discussion presents findings from a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) study that documents the importance to Indigenous people of including the network of extended family and community in health care communication. In particular the discussion explores the data relating to the importance of communicating through family meetings with Aboriginal people during end-of-life care. The data was collected through a series of open-ended, qualitative interviews (n=72) conducted with a cross-section of members of the Aboriginal community and health professionals within the Northern Territory, Australia. Acknowledging Aboriginal peoples' relationship rules and communicating through family meetings are practices that demonstrate respect for Indigenous cultural processes of information sharing. Anger on the part of Aboriginal people about lack of information can be the outcome when such processes are ignored or not understood. Respecting the need to "share the story" broadly with appropriate people in the extended family and community network through family meetings is noted as vitally important in health care, especially during the dying trajectory. The discussion explores the practical issues associated with, the different reasons for, and the positive outcomes from, incorporating family meetings for Indigenous people along the illness trajectory.

scholarly journals FROM “INDIANS” TO “FIRST NATIONS”: CHANGING ANGLO-CANADIAN PERCEPTIONS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY*

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 2005
Author(s):  
Smith B. Donald
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Treaty Rights ◽  
The North ◽  
Academic Conference ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Aboriginal Issues ◽  
Definition Of

A look at three university-organized conferences, the first in 1939, the second in 1966, and the most recent in 1997, reveals an increasing awareness of Aboriginal issues — particularly in the 1990s. From the mid- to the late twentieth century, Indians, now generally known as the First Nations, moved from the periphery into the centre of academic interest. The entrance of Aboriginal people, “the third solitude,” has altered completely the nature of Canada’s unity debate. Section 35 of the Constitution Act, 19821 affirms the existence of Aboriginal and treaty rights. The definition of “Aboriginal peoples of Canada” in the new constitution of 1982 now includes the Métis, as well as the First Nations and Inuit. Today, no academic conference in Canada on federalism, identities, and nationalism, can avoid discussion of Aboriginal Canada.

Physical activity of Aboriginal people in CanadaThis article is part of a supplement entitled Advancing physical activity measurement and guidelines in Canada: a scientific review and evidence-based foundation for the future of Canadian physical activity guidelines co-published by Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism and the Canadian Journal of Public Health. It may be cited as Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 32(Suppl. 2E) or as Can. J. Public Health 98(Suppl. 2).

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (S2E) ◽  
pp. S148-S160 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kue Young ◽  
Peter T. Katzmarzyk
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Scientific Review

This paper summarizes available information on patterns of physical activity, their determinants and consequences, and the results of various interventions designed to increase the physical activity of Aboriginal peoples in Canada and the United States. There is a paucity of national data on this issue for Aboriginal peoples. The most recent data, from the First Nations Regional Longitudinal Health Survey of 2002–2003, indicate that 21% of adults (27% of men, 15% of women) were engaging in at least 30 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity on 4 d/week or more. The present paper highlights the unique challenges this group faces, underlining the need to integrate collective knowledge regarding how much physical activity is required for Aboriginal Canadians, and how this activity should be accomplished, to promote and maintain health. Efforts are currently underway to tailor Canada’s physical activity guide for First Nations, Inuit, and Métis. Future research among Aboriginal groups should examine the minimal and optimal levels of physical activity required to achieve health benefits.

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