scholarly journals Effect of Distreptaza Distrept on the specific activity of fluconazole against Candida biofilms

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
N.O. Vrynchanu ◽  
N.I. Hrynchuk ◽  
V.V. Samsonova
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Gentian Violet ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
The One

The ability of yeast-like fungi to form biofilms (structurally organized microbial communities) leads to chronicity of the inflammatory process and recurrent course of mycoses. Biofilms formed by the fungus Candida spp. are characterized by increased resistance to most antifungals and effectors of the immune system. Promising antibiotics are enzymes. Their specificity to the structural components of the biofilm can be used to prevent biofilm formation and destruction of the formed biofilm. The article presents the results of studying the sensitivity biofilms formed by Candida fungi to the action of the enzyme drug Distreptaza Distrept, as well as its effect on the specific antifungal activity of fluconazole.Research objective: to evaluate the Distreptaza Distrept impact on the antifungal activity of fluconazole on biofilms of Candida spp.Materials and methods. One-day cultures of C. albicans and C. glabrata were used in the experiments. To study the effect on biofilm formation Distreptaza Distrept, fluconazole solutions and microorganisms were applied simultaneously, when exposed to the formed biofilms for 24 h after application of the fungal inoculum. The experiments were carried out in accordance with conventional methods based on the sorption of gentian violet by biofilm structures with subsequent desorption of the dye in an organic solvent.Results. Experiments have shown that Distreptaza Distrept disrupts the film formation of C. glabrata, the inhibition is 85.6%. The enzyme preparation affects the biofilms formed by yeast-like fungi, biomass of C. glabrata decreases by 43.6%. It was found that Distreptaza Distrept enhances the specific antibiotic action of fluconazole at the stage of film formation against C. albicans by 13.1%, C. glabrata by 70.4%. Biomass of the one-day biofilm formed by C. glabrata is reduced by 80.2% if there was an enzyme drug and fluconazole in the incubation medium.Conclusion. Distreptaza Distrept has antibiotic biofilm activity, increases the specific antifungal effect of fluconazole on biofilms of Candida fungi. The data obtained indicate the feasibility of this drug in recurrent infections caused by yeast-like fungi, including diseases caused by azole-resistant strains of Candida spp.

Antifungal activity of β-lapachone against azole-resistant Candida spp. and its aspects upon biofilm formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (16) ◽  
pp. 1543-1554
Author(s):  
Cecília R da Silva ◽  
Rosana de S Campos ◽  
João B de A Neto ◽  
Letícia S Sampaio ◽  
Francisca BSA do Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Planktonic Form ◽  
Resistant Strains

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess the antifungal effect of β-lapachone (β-lap) on azole-resistant strains of Candida spp. in both planktonic and biofilm form. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity of β-lap was evaluated by broth microdilution, flow cytometry and the comet assay. The cell viability of the biofilms was assessed using the MTT assay. Results: β-lap showed antifungal activity against resistant strains of Candida spp. in planktonic form. In addition, β-lap decreased the viability of mature biofilms and inhibited the formation of biofilms in vitro. Conclusion: β-lap showed antifungal activity against Candida spp., suggesting that the compound can be utilized as an adjunct agent in the treatment of candidiasis.

scholarly journals Biodirected Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Honey Solutions and Evaluation of Their Antifungal Activity against Pathogenic Candida Spp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7715
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Czernel ◽  
Dominika Bloch ◽  
Arkadiusz Matwijczuk ◽  
Jolanta Cieśla ◽  
Monika Kędzierska-Matysek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽  
Honey Solution ◽  
Diffusion Assay

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using aqueous honey solutions with a concentration of 2%, 10%, and 20%—AgNPs-H2, AgNPs-H10, and AgNPs-H20. The reaction was conducted at 35 °C and 70 °C. Additionally, nanoparticles obtained with the citrate method (AgNPs-C), while amphotericin B (AmB) and fluconazole were used as controls. The presence and physicochemical properties of AgNPs was affirmed by analyzing the sample with ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) and fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The 20% honey solution caused an inhibition of the synthesis of nanoparticles at 35 °C. The antifungal activity of the AgNPs was evaluated using opportunistic human fungal pathogens Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis. The antifungal effect was determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and disc diffusion assay. The highest activity in the MIC tests was observed in the AgNPs-H2 variant. AgNPs-H10 and AgNPs-H20 showed no activity or even stimulated fungal growth. The results of the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion susceptibility test for C. parapsilosis strains indicated stronger antifungal activity of AgNPs-H than fluconazole. The study demonstrated that the antifungal activity of AgNPs is closely related to the concentration of honey used for the synthesis thereof.

Synergistic anticandidal activity of etomidate and azoles against clinical fluconazole-resistant Candida isolates

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 1477-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia G do AV Sá ◽  
Cecília R da Silva ◽  
Rosana de S Campos ◽  
João B de A Neto ◽  
Letícia S Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant ◽  
Anticandidal Activity ◽  
Checkerboard Assay ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Radical Generation

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of etomidate alone and in combination with azoles on resistant strains of Candida spp. in both planktonic cells and biofilms. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity of etomidate was assessed by the broth microdilution test; flow cytometric procedures to measure fungal viability, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, free radical generation and cell death; as well detection of DNA damage using the comet assay. The interaction between etomidate and antifungal drugs (itraconazole and fluconazole) was evaluated by the checkerboard assay. Results: Etomidate showed antifungal activity against resistant strains of Candida spp. in planktonic cells and biofilms. Etomidate also presented synergism with fluconazole and itraconazole in planktonic cells and biofilms. Conclusion: Etomidate showed antifungal activity against Candida spp., indicating that it is a possible therapeutic alternative.

Oregano essential oil inhibits Candida spp. biofilms

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayram Hacioglu ◽  
Ozlem Oyardi ◽  
Alpcan Kirinti
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Oregano Essential Oil ◽  
Mucosal Surfaces ◽  
Staphyloccocus Aureus ◽  
Oregano Oil ◽  
First Time

Abstract Candida spp. can form biofilms on mucosal surfaces and epithelial cells as well as on devices implanted in the body such as catheters and dentures, which are thought to underlie the most recalcitrant infections. It was aimed to show antifungal and antibiofilm activities of oregano oil (Origanum onites). The antifungal activities of some essential oils were investigated against C. spp. and among them, oregano oil was found to be the most effective oil and further biofilm studies were conducted with it. Oregano oil inhibited biofilm adhesion and formation of C. spp. and mature biofilms and also displayed the ability to reduce biofilm formation when they were allowed to form on surfaces previously coated with oil (up to 50% inhibition rates). In addition, oregano oil was found to be effective against dual biofilms of Candida albicans + Staphyloccocus aureus at different concentrations. This study suggests that O. onites essential oil has useful antibiofilm effects against C. spp. The inhibitory effects of O. onites essential oil, against C. spp., were demonstrated for the first time. It also had antifungal effect on biofilm formation and established biofilm even at MIC level.

scholarly journals Berberine Antifungal Activity in Fluconazole-Resistant Pathogenic Yeasts: Action Mechanism Evaluated by Flow Cytometry and Biofilm Growth Inhibition in Candida spp.

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 3551-3557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Ramos da Silva ◽  
João Batista de Andrade Neto ◽  
Cecília Rocha da Silva ◽  
Rosana de Sousa Campos ◽  
Rose Anny Costa Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Fluconazole Resistant

The incidence of fungal infections and, in particular, the incidence of fungal antibiotic resistance, which is associated with biofilm formation, have significantly increased, contributing to morbidity and mortality. Thus, new therapeutic strategies need to be developed. In this context, natural products have emerged as a major source of possible antifungal agents. Berberine is a protoberberine-type isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the roots, rhizomes, and stem bark of natural herbs, such asBerberis aquifolium,Berberis vulgaris,Berberis aristata, andHydrastis canadensis, and ofPhellodendron amurense. Berberine has been proven to have broad antibacterial and antifungal activity. In the present study, the potential antifungal effect of berberine against fluconazole-resistantCandidaandCryptococcus neoformansstrains, as well as against the biofilm form ofCandidaspp., was assessed. The antifungal effect of berberine was determined by a broth microdilution method (the M27-A3 method of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) and flow cytometry techniques, in which the probable mechanism of action of the compound was also assessed. For biofilm assessment, a colorimetric 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the susceptibility of sessile cells. The isolates used in the study belonged to the Laboratory of Bioprospection and Experiments in Yeast (LABEL) of the Federal University of Ceará. After 24 and 72 h, fluconazole-resistantCandidaandCryptococcus neoformansstrains showed berberine MICs equal to 8 μg/ml and 16 μg/ml, respectively. Cytometric analysis showed that treatment with berberine caused alterations to the integrity of the plasma and mitochondrial membranes and DNA damage, which led to cell death, probably by apoptosis. Assessment of biofilm-forming isolates after treatment showed statistically significant reductions in biofilm cell activity (P< 0.001).

scholarly journals Boswellia serrata Extract as an Antibiofilm Agent against Candida spp.

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Petr Jaroš ◽  
Maria Vrublevskaya ◽  
Kristýna Lokočová ◽  
Jana Michailidu ◽  
Irena Kolouchová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Boswellic Acid ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Boswellia Serrata

The use of antibiotics or antifungals to control infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms is currently insufficiently effective because of their emerging resistance. Thanks to the ability of microorganisms to form a biofilm and thus increase their resistance to administered drugs even more, modern medicine faces the task of finding novel substances to combat infections caused by them. In this regard, the effects of essential oils or plant extracts are often studied. Among the relatively neglected plants is Boswellia serrata, which has a high content of biologically active boswellic acids. In this study, we focused on one of the most common nosocomial infections, which are caused by Candida species. The most common representative is C. albicans, although the number of infections caused by non-albicans species has recently been increasing. We focused on the antifungal activity of Boswellia serrata extract Bioswellix against planktonic and adhering cells of Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida krusei. The antifungal activity against adhering cells was further explored by determining the metabolic activity of cells (MTT) and determining the total amount of biofilm using crystal violet. Boswellic acid-containing plant extract was shown to suppress the growth of a suspension population of all tested Candida species. Boswellia serrata extract Bioswellix was most effective in inhibiting C. albicans biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Attempts to Access a Series of Pyrazoles Lead to New Hydrazones with Antifungal Potential against Candida Species Including Azole-Resistant Strains

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5861
Author(s):  
Georgiana Negru ◽  
Laure Kamus ◽  
Elena Bîcu ◽  
Sergiu Shova ◽  
Boualem Sendid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
Pyrazole Derivatives ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Resistant Strains

The treatment of benzylidenemalononitriles with phenylhydrazines in refluxing ethanol did not provide pyrazole derivatives, but instead furnished hydrazones. The structure of hydrazones was secured by X-ray analysis. The chemical proof was also obtained by direct reaction of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde with 2,4-dichlorophenylhydrazine. Newly synthesized hydrazones were tested against eight Candida spp. strains in a dose response assay to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC99). Five compounds were identified as promising antifungal agents against Candida spp. (C. albicans SC5314, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis and C. glabrata (R azoles)), with MIC99 values ranging from 16 to 32 µg/mL and selective antifungal activity over cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals Activity of antifungal drugs and Brazilian red and green propolis extracted with different methodologies against oral isolates of Candida spp.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Sokolonski ◽  
Maísa Santos Fonseca ◽  
Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado ◽  
Kathleen Ramos Deegan ◽  
Roberto Paulo Correia Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Denture Stomatitis ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Ultrasound Pretreatment

Abstract Background Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic disease caused by fungi of the Candida genus. The occurrence of Candida spp. resistance to the commercial antifungal drugs points to the search for alternative treatments. Propolis has been successfully used in the treatment of infectious diseases for centuries. It has been proposed that an ultrasound pretreatment in the propolis extraction protocol can enhance the concentrations of molecules with antimicrobial activities in the final extract. Thus, this study aimed to compare the antifungal activity against oral Candida spp. isolates of green and red propolis extracts submitted or not to an ultrasound pretreatment before the extraction procedure. Methods Candida spp. were isolated from denture stomatitis lesions and identified by sequencing. Oral Candida spp. isolates and reference strains were submitted to broth microdilution assays using commercial antifungals and Brazilian green and red propolis extracts submitted or not to an ultrasound pretreatment. Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and Minimal Fungicide Concentrations (MFC) were determined and biofilm formation interference was evaluated for resistant isolates. Results C. albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida dubliniensis were isolated from denture stomatitis lesions. Growth inhibition was observed in all Candida isolates incubated with all green and red propolis extracts. At lower doses, red propolis extracts presented significant antifungal activity. The ultrasound pretreatment did not promote an increase in the antifungal activity of green or red propolis. Three isolates, which were highly resistant to fluconazole and itraconazole, were susceptible to low doses of red propolis extracts. These same three specimens had their biofilm formation inhibted by red propolis ethanolic extract. Conclusions Thus, red propolis can be faced as a promising natural product to be used in the auxiliary antifungal therapy of denture stomatitis.

The effect of some chemical materials against virulence factors of Candida ssp isolated from UTI patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Abdul Hussein Mejbel
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Laboratory Culture ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Chemical Materials

 During the period from September 2016 to December 2017,135 urine samples were collected from urinary tract infection patients attending to AL-Zahraa Hospital in AL-Najaf Governorate. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify Candida spp. isolated from urinary tract infection patients by different methods including direct examination, laboratory culture, biochemical test and by modern techniques (Api Candida kit) and determine the virulence factors phenotypic to Candida spp which involved (biofilm formation,phospholipase and germ tube). The percentage of females to males was as following, female (84) 62.2 % (21) infected and male (51) 37.8% (1) infected with all age categories. The results in this study are explain that is some Candida spp. such as C. albicans, have high susceptible to eugenole follow by phenol and umbellulone. The efficiency of some chemical substances such as (eugenole,umbellulone, and phenol) was evaluated to inhibit the growth of Candida ssp as well as some virulence factors such as biofilm formation,germ tube and phospholipase,which were studied in this research. Statistically analysis results have been significance difference between the results of the substance concentrations and the concentrations of the different other substances.

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