scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OFPATHOGENESISOFACUTE APPENDICITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-233
Author(s):  
A.V. Sazhin ◽  
◽  
V.A. Petukhov ◽  
T.V. Nechay ◽  
G.B. Ivakhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Current Point ◽  
Mucous Barrier ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Scientific Facts

Obstruction of the lumen of the appendix is still considered to be the main cause of acute appendicitis (including feces), followed by the increased intraluminal pressure, the development of ischemia and mucosal hypoxia of the appendix, ulceration, violation of the mucous barrier and the development of necrosis. A sufficient number of scientific facts have been accumulated completely refuting this postulate. Current fundamental achievements in molecular biology, biochemistry, etc. did not become the basis for a clinical revision of the ancient well-established theories and concepts of the etiopathogenesis of many diseases in almost all medical specialties. Surgery isn’t an exception in this context. The review considers the etiopathogenesis of acute inflammation of the appendix from the current point of view of the hypothesis of epithelial-endothelial dysfunction and epithelial-endothelial distress syndrome, since it most fully characterizes the integration of the etiopathogenesis of almost all common diseases of organs with mucous membranes and the recent fundamental research their structures and functions. It is based on general and local factors of violation of the lymphoid apparatus and the integumentary epithelium barrier functions. Thus, this work presents a new concept of the etiopathogenesis of acute appendicitis, which in turn will allow the surgery of acute appendicitis to reach new levels of understanding.

scholarly journals ANGKA BANDING NETROFIL/LIMFOSIT APENDISITIS AKUT

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Yanty Tandirogang ◽  
Uleng Bahrun ◽  
Mutmainnah Mutmainnah
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Inflammatory Immune Response ◽  
Immediate Surgery ◽  
Almost All ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Sensitive Marker

Acute appendicitis is one of the acute abdominal conditions encountered in almost all hospitals in Indonesia. Acute inflammation of the appendix requiring immediate surgery to prevent complications, so it should takes several particular checking’s to support the diagnosis quickly. These are leukocytes count, especially neutrophils and lymphocytes as the sensitive marker of the inflammatory process which belong to the simple laboratory examination and can be used as a diagnostic marker of acute appendicitis as well. The inflammatory immune response can be described of the percentage of neutrophils to the lymphocytes ratio in the circulation. A retrospective study was performed on patients whom suspected for acute appendicitis those undergoing appendectomy from January 2010−May 2011. The data were grouped according to post appendectomy diagnosis and the ratio of neutrophils/lymphocytes (NLR) compared with other parameter. The NLR in each group was compaed by one way ANOVA analyzing. A total of 59 patients were identified: 19 catarrhally, 19 phlegmonous, 10 gangrenous and 11 with perforation. Compared with other markers, NLR is much better in predicting acute appendicitis. NLR increased in all groups (mean>7), specifically on the perforated appendicitis that is greatly increased (mean=12.273). But this was not significantly different NLR from the group (p=0.098). Based on this study it can be concluded, that NLR is the better marker for diagnosis rather than leukocyte and USG. But unfortunately, it can not be used to differentiate the grading in acute appendicitis.

Schistosomal Appendicitis in Pregnancy

Swiss Surgery ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halkic ◽  
Abdelmoumene ◽  
Gintzburger ◽  
Mosimann
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Surgical Infection ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Potential Challenge ◽  
In Pregnancy

Acute appendicitis is the most common acute surgical infection during pregnancy. Although usually pyogenic in origin, parasitic infections account for a small percentage of cases. Despite the relatively high prevalence of acute appendicitis in our environment, it is not commonly associated with schistosomiasis. We report here the association of pregnancy and appendicitis caused by Schistosoma haematobium. Schistosomiasis is very common complication of pregnancy in hyperendemic areas. Schistosome egg masses can lodge throughout the body and cause acute inflammation of the appendix, liver and spleen. Congestion of pelvic vessels during pregnancy facilitates passage of eggs into the villi and intervillous spaces, causing an inflammatory reaction. Tourism and immigration make this disease a potential challenge for practitioners everywhere.

scholarly journals How ethical challenges of covert observations can be met in practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 174701612110082
Author(s):  
Nicole Podschuweit
Keyword(s):  
Social Research ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Great Distance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Written Information ◽  
Ethical Debate ◽  
The People ◽  
Almost All

This paper aims to bring into the ethical debate on covert research two aspects that are neglected to date: the perspective of the research subjects and the special responsibility of investigators towards their observers. Both aspects are falling behind, especially in quantitative social research. From a methodological point of view, quantitative forms of covert observation involve a great distance between the researcher and the research subjects. When human observers are involved, the focus is usually on the reliable application of the measuring instrument. Therefore, herein, a quantitative study is used as an example to show how the protection needs of both the observed persons and the observers can be met in practice. The study involved 40 student observers who covertly captured everyday conversations in real-world settings (e.g. in cafés or trains) by a highly standardised observation scheme. The study suggests that the anonymity of the research subjects and their trust in the observers are crucial for their subsequent consent. However, many participants showed only little or even no interest in the written information they were provided. Further, this study strongly emphasises how mentally stressful covert observations are to the observers. Almost all observers were worried in advance that the people they were observing would prematurely blow their cover and confront them. Role-playing and in-depth discussions in teams are good strategies to alleviate such and other fears and to prepare student assistants well for their demanding work in the field.

Bernhard Riemann’s legacy of 1859

2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (528) ◽  
pp. 468-475
Author(s):  
Graham Hoare
Keyword(s):  
Number Theory ◽  
Mathematical Physics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
German Version ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
Almost All ◽  
University Of Göttingen ◽  
The University ◽  
Modern Mathematics ◽  
Mathematics And Physics

The German version of Riemann’s Collected Works is confined to a single volume of 690 pages. Even so, this volume has had an abiding and profound impact on modern mathematics and physics, as we shall see. In fifteen years of activity, from 1851, when he gained his doctorate at the University of Göttingen, to his death in 1866, two months short of his fortieth birthday, Riemann contributed to almost all areas of mathematics. He perceived mathematics from the analytic point of view and used analysis to illuminate subjects as diverse as number theory and geometry. Although regarded principally as a mathematician Riemann had an abiding interest in physics and researched significantly in the methods of mathematical physics, particularly in the area of partial differential equations.

scholarly journals Social Order and Practical Wisdom of Walking in a Crowd

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-29
Author(s):  
Andrei M. Korbut
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Practical Wisdom ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Joint Production ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Phenomenal Field ◽  
Almost All

The article suggests returning to the “crowd” as an object of sociological analysis. Crowds have attracted early sociologists because crowds were visual embodiments of social forces that surpass individuals and also served as a symbol of the profound social transformations which were taking place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Analyzing crowds allowed for the first sociologists (G. Simmel, R. Park, M. Weber, E. Durkheim) to oppose the psychological interpretation of mass social phenomena with a purely sociological approach. However, in the second half of the 20th century sociologists had lost almost all interest in the crowd, as it did not meet the interests of researchers of “large” social structures, nor the interests of the proponents of interactionist approaches. This article shows that the crowd can again be made interesting for sociology if we were to consider it from the point of view of the everyday practices of the participants. In these everyday practices a specific form of phronesis, i.e. practical wisdom, technical skill coupled with moral judgment about which action is good and which is not, is implemented. It is shown here that the study of the practical wisdom of walking in a crowd requires special concepts and methods that can be found in phenomenology and ethnomethodology. The article suggests using three such concepts for the analysis of crowds: phenomenal field, oriented object, and figuration of details. With the help of these concepts, the methods of the crowd’s situated social order production are analyzed in relation to the management of speed and trajectories of movement, following one another, walkers’ stopping and slowing down, and joining the crowd. This analysis shows that the joint production of the crowd’s social order by its participants is a situated practice, i.e. it consists of making the local scenes of everyday life familiar and accountable, and of assessing the local adequacy of the actions performed.

scholarly journals SISI NEGATIF GAME ONLINE PERSPEKTIF ISLAM DAN PSIKOLOGI ISLAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Khotibul Umam ◽  
Abdul Muhid
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Online Games ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Islamic Psychology ◽  
Almost All

Technological development has changed human life style. Child's world that was once filled with traditional games has now been eroded by technological advances. Nowadays online games that replace traditional games are not only favored by children, almost all levels of human age like playing online games. But behind it all there is a negative impact that haunts its users. This study aims to reveal the negative side of using online games from the point of view of Islam and Islamic Psychology. The technique used is literature review by compiling some previous articles. The results showed that excessive use of online games will give a bad impact on the physical and psychological users, such as visual impairment, sleep disturbance, addiction, violence and stress. The use of online games is also considered more disadvantage than the benefits and it’s seen as an activity that wastes time, and it is prohibited in Islam.

scholarly journals Complexes for continuous monitoring of drilling fluid parameters during drilling

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Lakhtionov ◽  
Ivan S. Chumakov ◽  
Sergey G. Filinkov ◽  
Dmitry M. Chukin ◽  
Evgeny N. Ishmetyev
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Automatic Mode ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Drilling Rigs ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Fluid Parameters

Background. The article provides an overview of existing complexes (units) for continuous monitoring of drilling fluid parameters in automatic mode. Aim. To justify the need to develop a complex (module) that will allow combining existing technologies and making a step forward in the field of process automation in terms of monitoring the parameters of drilling fluids. Materials and methods. In the current realities of well construction, the control of drilling fluid parameters on almost all drilling rigs operating on the territory of Russia (possibly with the exception of a few off shore projects) is carried out by the work of a solution engineer, usually a representative of a service company. The analysis of the parameters, depending on the number of personnel, the speed of penetration, the complexity or importance of the well, can be carried out from 2 to 6 times a day [1, 2]. This means a complete analysis, rather than monitoring the density and conditional viscosity, which can be measured by a representative of the drilling crew, for rapid response, and with greater frequency. Due to such a low measurement discreteness, there is a high probability of a significant deviation of the drilling fluid parameters from the design values. As a result, the probability of various complications, both geological and technological, increase significantly. Results. During the analysis of information from open sources, the most promising complexes (modules) from the point of view of application in the current conditions were identified, their positive and negative sides were evaluated. As a result of the conducted review of open sources, the most promising complexes (modules) in terms of application in the current conditions are identified, the positive and negative sides of the systems under consideration are displayed, and the need to develop a complex (module) that will combine all the best that is available today and make a qualitative step forward in the field of “peopleless” technologies used during drilling wells in terms of monitoring the parameters of drilling fluids is justified. Conclusions. The necessity of developing a complex (module) for automating processes in terms of monitoring the parameters of drilling fluids is justified.

scholarly journals Simple versus complicated appendicitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahendra Pal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Clinical Experience ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Perforated Appendicitis ◽  
Complicated Appendicitis ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Intraluminal Pressure ◽  
Research Papers

Aim of this study is to understand appendicitis in its various presentations. We encounter patients in different stages of the disease. One end of the spectrum is presenting with simple acute appendicitis while other extreme is represented by serious cases of perforated appendicitis. In between cases with various stages of complications could be seen. Simple appendicitis progresses towards complicated one in its natural course. Rise in intraluminal pressure leads to gangrenous perforation. Expertise of the treating surgeon lies in timely detection and intervention. Desired and favorable results are possible to achieve with judicious use of gastrointestinal surgical techniques by the expert. Present study reviews the literature, different research papers and studies available. My own clinical experience in the understanding of appendicitis and its management has enabled me to shape up the article.

scholarly journals Antonio Chamorro Daza (1903-2003): Scientific production during the first years of exile (1937-1945)

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 (106(812)) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
E. Barranco-Castillo ◽  
I. Melgares-Moreno ◽  
F. Girón-Irueste
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Endocrine Glands ◽  
Practical Point ◽  
Metasearch Engine ◽  
Almost All

Objetives: The main aim of our work is to highlight the importance of Chamorro’s discoveries in the fields of endocrinology, gynaecology, reproduction and oncology. Methods: Evaluation of the bibliometric impact of Chamorro’s work using Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Gallica. Results: Between 1937 and 1945 Chamorro carried out important research work, the results of which provided valuable discoveries about the activity of the main endocrine glands. Discussion: To achieve our objective, Google Scholar has been the most profitable metasearch engine from a practical point of view, having recognized almost all of the articles published by Chamorro, although having ignored some of them it could be thought that the overall impact of this author is higher than that which has been found. Conclusions: These findings were reflected in the most prestigious journals and widely disseminated in U.S. research institutions, amongst others. In Spain, however, they were ignored. Maybe it’s time to spread it.

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