scholarly journals Ecological Treatment of Urban Organic Waste in the Context of Climate Change- A Chinese Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-180
Author(s):  
Xiuhua Li ◽  
Mehran Idris Khan ◽  
Yen-Chiang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Chinese Perspective ◽  
Ecological Treatment

Estimating Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Oman Using Different Frameworks

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-348
Author(s):  
Tariq Umar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
Council Member ◽  
Tackle Climate Change

Reduction in emissions is the key to tackle climate change issues and achieve environmental sustainability. The Gulf Cooperation Council member countries however, not only generate the highest quantity of MSW/capita when compared globally but also in most of these countries such waste is just dumped at different landfill stations. In Oman, the total quantity of MSW stood at 2.0 million tonnes/year. The emission from this waste is estimated at 2,989,467 tonnes/year (CO2 Equivalent). This article attempts to develop frameworks that considered landfilling, composting, and recycling of MSW and compared the emissions of these frameworks. The framework (F2) which proposes the landfilling and composting process for the organic waste which normally goes to landfills results in an increase of emissions by 7% as compared to landfill practice. Similarly, the samples of MSW collected in Oman show a good amount of recycling waste. The framework (F3) which considers the landfill, composting, and recycling reduced the total Greenhouse Gas emissions from 2,989,467 tonnes/year to 2,959,735 tonnes/year (CO2 Equivalent); representing a total reduction of 1% in emissions. Although composting increases the emissions, however, considering composting and recycling will not only reduce the burden on landfills but will promote agricultural and industrial activates.

scholarly journals PUSAT KEGIATAN MANUFAKTUR BERSAMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1933
Author(s):  
Pascalis Arya ◽  
Budi Adelar Sukada
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Design Production ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
Search Design

Millennials are the dominant generation population in today's productive age. After conducting a study of this generation, one of the prominent characteristics of millennial is its interest in climate change and the environment. Another prominent characteristic is entrepreneurship as the fourth most important priority for millennials in the future. Current environmental issues are still a topic for discussion, especially the problem of plastic waste. According to data stated in the 2018 Indonesian Environment Statistics, DKI Jakarta produces 7,165.53-tonnes of waste in 2018. According to the DKI Jakarta Provincial Sanitation Office, organic waste, paper and plastic are the largest compositions produced with a percentage of each, 53.75 %, 14.92% and 14.02%. This shows that the use of plastic is still dominant in Jakarta. The Head of the DKI Jakarta Environment Agency also stated that the TPST Bantargebang will be full in 2011, so reducing the amount of waste is an urgency in Jakarta. Responding to this, the Shared Manufactory Hub, became a vessel to increase awareness of non-wasteful lifestyles and reduce waste, as well as awareness to use recycled materials. The Shared Manufactory Hub is also a place for millennials, individuals and communities, to collaborate in designing and building innovative products made from recycled plastic. Shared Manufactory Hub is located close to the DKI Jakarta Waste Bank as a supplier of raw plastic waste. This manufacturing center provides a variety of related facilities, ranging from idea search, design, production, to publication. The synergy between industry and manufacturing allows the development of manufacturing businesses to become easier because of the ease of obtaining the basic ingredients for making innovative products.AbstrakGenerasi milenial merupakan populasi generasi yang dominan di usia produktif saat ini. Setelah melakukan studi mengenai generasi ini, salah satu karakterisik yang menonjol dari milenial adalah minatnya terhadap perubahan iklim dan lingkungan. Karakterisik yang menonjol lainnya adalah kewiraswastawan sebagai prioritas peringkat keempat terpenting bagi milenial di masa depan. Isu lingkungan saat ini masih menjadi topik hangat untuk dibicarakan, terutama masalah sampah plastik. Menurut data yang tertera pada Statistik Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia 2018, DKI Jakarta memproduksi 7.165,53 ton sampah pada tahun 2018. Menurut Dinas Kebersihan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, sampah organik, kertas dan plastik merupakan komposisi paling besar yang diproduksi dengan persentasi masing-masing, 53.75%, 14.92%, dan 14.02%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan plastik masih dominan di Jakarta. Kepala Dinas Lingkungan Hidup DKI Jakarta juga menyatakan bahwa TPST Bantargebang akan penuh pada tahun 2011, maka pengurangan jumlah sampah merupakan sebuah urgensi di Jakarta. Menanggapi hal tersebut, Pusat Kegiatan Manufaktur Bersama, menjadi sebuah wadah untuk meningkatkan kepedulian akan pola hidup yang tidak boros dan mengurangi sampah, serta kesadaran untuk memakai bahan daur ulang. Pusat kegiatan ini juga menjadi wadah bagi generasi milenial, individu maupun komunitas, untuk berkolaborasi dalam merancang dan membangun produk inovatif berbahan dasar plastik daur ulang. Pusat Kegiatan Manufaktur Bersama berlokasi dekat dengan Bank Sampah Induk DKI Jakarta sebagai supplier sampah plastik mentah. Pusat kegiatan manufaktur ini menyediakan berbagai macam fasilitas yang berhubungan, mulai dari pencarian ide, perancangan, produksi, hingga publikasi. Adanya sinergi antara industri dengan manufaktur memungkinkan pengembangan usaha manufaktur menjadi lebih mudah karena kemudahan memperolah bahan dasar pembuatan produk inovatif.

scholarly journals Mitigation of climate change: which technologies for Vietnam?

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Thi Thu Ha Chu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
The World

Vietnam is one of the countries suffering from the most serious adverse effects due to climate change and sea level rise. The main cause of climate change is the increased activities generating greenhouse gases. Organic waste is the main source of carbon dioxide emission, which has the largest concentration among different kinds of greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere. The conversion of organic waste and biomass into energy contributes not only to supply cleaner energy but also to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. Vietnam has a large potential of biomass and agricultural by-products. The technologies to turn biomass into different kinds of bio-energies were developed and applied all over the world. Biogas was called as "brown revolution" in the field of new energy. Biogas production technology now has been studied and applied widely in the world, particularly in developing countries with warm climate that is suitable for anaerobic fermentation of organic waste. The biogas digester can be built with any capacity, needs small investment and the input materials are widely available. The biogas energy is used for many purposes such as cooking, lighting, running engines, etc. It is a production technology quite consistent with the economy of developing countries and really brings to life more civilized and convenient to rural areas.

scholarly journals “Design of Automatic Organic Waste Shredder for Composting”

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 899-902
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Natural Process ◽  
The World ◽  
Chemical Inputs ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
Harmful Effects

Developing means of farming and agriculture is the reason humans live in the world they do today. It is a necessary means of survival, without which there would be famines all over the world. For thousands of years, agricultural was a natural process that did not harm the land it was done on. Environmental impacts caused due to the harmful effects of human activities are a worldwide problem causing global warming and climate change. Too much dependence on the usage of chemical inputs and the burning of farm wastes was identified as the major ones. Since this issues are threat to mankind and to the existing agriculture equipment’s and the shredder machine is one among them. The machines available in the market are powered via fossil fuels which is also contributing to global warming, this directed the researchers to design and develop a Solar-Powered Shredder machine which can be efficiently operated using solar energy without the dependency on fossil fuel. This project aims at providing solar powered automatized vertical shredder machine to our farmers that is compact and can be operated by using solar.

scholarly journals Biochar Promotes Methane Production During Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Waste

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilei Xiao ◽  
Eric Lichtfouse ◽  
Senthil Kumar ◽  
Quan Wang ◽  
Fanghua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Climate change and energy demand are calling more sustainable fuels such as biomethane produced by anaerobic digestion of organic waste. Biochar addition to waste is presumed to enhance the efficiency of methane production, yet individual reports disclose contradictory results. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of 27 selected publications containing 156 paired measurements of control and biochar-amended treatments to assess the impact of biochar on methanogenic performance. Results show that biochar promotes biomethane production substantially with a high Hedge's d value of 5.7 ± 1.04, yet sporadic publications report a methane decline. Methanogenic performance is statistically controlled by feedstock type, pyrolysis temperature and biochar concentration, but not controlled by pH, size, surface area and methanogen species. Our findings should help to tune the parameters of anaerobic digestion with biochar to optimize biomethane productions.

A review on waste management and compost production in the Middle East–North Africa region

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110682
Author(s):  
Lara Hussein ◽  
Ceylan Uren ◽  
Fatma Rekik ◽  
Zied Hammami
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Over the last two decades, solid waste management in the Middle East–North Africa (MENA) region has been one of the major challenges due to increasing solid waste quantities and poor waste management practices. With the tremendously increasing amounts of organic waste, MENA countries are under great pressure and are facing the threats of acute air pollution, contamination of water bodies and climate change. As a result, these countries are adopting different methods to cope with this rising challenge of waste management, including composting. This review reports on the different MENA countries’ organic waste quantities, disposal methods, organic waste management practices and challenges, along with the potential use and demand of compost, where information is available. The reported data are from 2009 to 2021, with the bulk of the papers being from 2014 and onwards. The total amount of municipal waste collected in the 21 countries ranged from 0.56 million tons in Mauritania to 90 million tons in Egypt, with an average of 16.42 million tons, equivalent to 1.08 kg per capita waste generation per day. Around 55% of this material is biogenous. Many treatments and repurposing methods of this material are adopted in the MENA region, mainly through composting, as it presents one of the most sustainable solutions that lead to immediate climate change mitigation. This article also presents the biotic and abiotic stressors faced by this region, which in turn affect the successful implementation of composting solutions, and proposes some solutions based on different studies conducted.

scholarly journals A Chinese perspective on Zhao Yanbo post-2012 burden sharing

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Yanbo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Burden Sharing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chinese Perspective ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
The Common

The issue of climate change is a major challenge for humankind.1 It concerns the ways of survival and development. We need the common efforts of all members of the international community to tackle the problem. Climate change is, in essence, an issue about development. In the past 200 years the emissions of developed countries during the process of industrialisation have been the main contributor to climate change. Of the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels, developed countries contributed 95% from the Industrial Revolution to 1950, and 77% from 1950 to 2000. It has to be acknowledged, therefore, that developed countries should take the larger part of the responsibility for solving the problem due to their past emissions.  

Legal practices and challenges in addressing climate change and its impact on the oceans—A Chinese perspective

Marine Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 103355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Chiang Chang ◽  
Chuanliang Wang ◽  
Mehran Idris Khan ◽  
Nannan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Chinese Perspective

Thinking Across Sectors

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Kareem Buyana ◽  
Moses J. Nadiope
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Institutional Discourse ◽  
Civic Capacity ◽  
Micro Scale ◽  
Resource Flows ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
Transient Network ◽  
Actor Networks

Cities are intersections of energy and health through climate change, air pollution, and resource flows. Most studies, however, build on either institutionalist or non-institutionalist approaches to energy-health interactions. Institutionalists discern the advantages of public-private partnerships, whereas the non-institutionalists analyze actor networks beyond the purview of the state. Little research has so far transcended institutionalist dimensions, to illuminate the congruence of formal and informal ways of organizing community actors using civic capacity as a resource in co-creating energy solutions for better health. The paper grounds energy-health interactions in cities in an institutional discourse, by building on the nuances of a case study in Kampala where a transient network of neighborhood groups take to scale energy-briquette making from organic waste as an incremental pathway to a cleaner city. The case study demonstrates the potential of energy-health initiatives at micro-scale in driving transitions to sustainability at city scale.

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