scholarly journals Profile of Fatal Suicide in Iran: A Report From the Iranian Forensic Medicine Between 2016 and 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Amirhosein Mahdavi ◽  
Shahab Rezaeian ◽  
Mehran Rostami
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Self Immolation ◽  
Age Range

The suicide rate among the Iranian population has increased over the past few decades. Descriptive information about this public health challenge could inform health policymakers to prioritize prevention strategies. We described the last updated data from the Iranian forensic medicine between 2016 and 2018. We obtained the data on the fatal suicide cases from the national suicide registry of the Iranian Forensic Medicine Organization (FMO), validated by death certificates and harmonized for epidemiologic studies. This study included 9,021 nationally registered suicide deaths from March 21, 2016, to March 20, 2018. A descriptive statistical approach was used to present the findings. Of 9,021 registered suicide deaths with age range between 10 to 94 years [median=31], 44.6% [n=4,015] was in the category of ≤ 29, 48.0% [n=4,328] between 30 to 59, and 7.4% (n=666) in the category of ≥ 60 years old. The percentage of fatal suicide was obviously higher in men (71.2%, n=6,424). Hanging was the most common method of suicide, both among men (57.7%, n=3706) and women (37.6%, n=976). The frequency of fatal suicide was significantly higher in married than single cases (52.6% vs. 42.9%). Overall, at the national level, the most common suicide method was hanging (51.9%), followed by self-poisoning (25.8%) and self-immolation (6.8%). We found evidence of age- and gender differences in suicide mortality across the country. Men, people in younger age groups, and married couples could be considered as the target population for preventive interventions in Iran.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Osteoporosis & Osteoporotic Fractures in Korea Based on Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) Database: 2009–2017

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Ho-Seok Oh ◽  
Sung-Kyu Kim ◽  
Hyoung-Yeon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Prescription Data ◽  
Diagnostic Codes ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities ◽  
Fractures Of The Spine ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range

To investigate the incidence and characteristics of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in Korea, we used the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) database. Patients over 50 years old, who were diagnosed or treated for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in all hospitals and clinics, were analyzed between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2017 by using the HIRA database that contains prescription data and diagnostic codes. These data were retrospectively analyzed by decade and age-specific and gender-specific incidents in each year. We also evaluated other characteristics of patients including medication state of osteoporosis, primary used medical institution, regional-specific incidence of osteoporosis, and incidence of site-specific osteoporotic fractures. The number of osteoporosis patients over 50 years old, as diagnosed by a doctor, steadily increased from 2009 to 2017. The number of osteoporosis patients was notably greatest in the 60′s and 70′s age groups in every study period. Patients undergoing treatment for osteoporosis increased significantly (96%) from 2009 to 2017. Among the patients diagnosed with osteoporosis, the proportion who experienced osteoporotic fracture increased gradually (60%) from 2009 to 2017. The number of patients with osteoporotic fractures of the spine and hip was highest in the 70 to 90 age range, and the number of patients with osteoporotic fractures in the upper and lower extremities was highest in the 50 to 70 age range. Understanding the trends of osteoporosis in Korea will contribute to manage the increased number of patients with osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures.

Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salam Vatandost ◽  
Marzieh Jahani ◽  
Ali Afshari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Amiri ◽  
Rashid Heidarimoghadam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
And Gender

Background: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the Iranian community is very high. Women and older people are at the higher risk of vitamin D deficiency. Aim: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran by combining the results of various studies. Methods: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Separate strategies were developed for search in national databases (Irandoc, Magiran, SID) and international databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) using the keywords of “vitamin D deficiency,” “Iran,” and “prevalence.” The titles and abstracts of the articles were screened and related full texts were appraised. Those articles that met inclusion criteria were selected for meta-analysis. The heterogeneity of the articles was assessed via the Chi-square test. They were combined using the random-effect approach. In addition, the groups were categorized and analyzed in terms of age and gender. Results: Of 639 articles, 30 articles with a sample size of 26,042 people were included for data analysis. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was reported as 0.56. Subgroup analysis showed that 0.64 of women and 0.44 of men were suffering from vitamin D deficiency. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the age groups under 20, 20–50, and over 50 years was 0.56.4, 0.72.4, and 0.59.8, respectively. Conclusions: The Iranian Ministry of Health is expected to design strategies to improve the status of vitamin D at the national level.

scholarly journals Tooth extraction: Pattern and etiology from extreme Northwestern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrazaq Olanrewaju Taiwo ◽  
Adebayo Aremu Ibikunle ◽  
Ramat Oyebunmi Braimah ◽  
Omotayo Amidu Sulaiman ◽  
Olalekan Micah Gbotolorun
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Extraction Pattern ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT Objective: Tooth extraction is a commonly performed procedure in dental clinics. It has been shown that the reasons for and pattern of tooth extraction vary across geographical regions. Few reports on the pattern of extraction among a semi-urban populace exist. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study on the pattern and reasons for tooth mortality from Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria, which is a semi-urban region. Materials and Methods: A review of the records of patients that had tooth extraction at our center between January 2009 and January 2016, was done. Data such as the age, gender, type of tooth extracted, and reasons for extraction were retrieved and analyzed. Cross tabulations for age and gender were also made. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: A total of 1167 extractions were performed in 984 patients. An age range of 18–107 years with a mean (±standard deviation) of 34.8 (13.3) was observed. Most of the patients were in the 21–30 years age group accounting for 35.7% of cases. Dental caries and its sequelae (DCS) (631, 54.1%) were the most common reasons for extraction, followed by periodontal disease (192, 16.5%). The difference in proportions of reasons for tooth extraction between the gender was statistically significant (P = 0.02; df = 24). The difference in the reasons for extraction among the age groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001; df = 132). Conclusion: DCS along with periodontal disease were the major reasons for extractions. These are largely preventable causes of tooth extraction; therefore, there is a need for commencement of far-reaching preventative actions.

scholarly journals Visible Portion of Anterior Teeth at Rest and Analysis of Different Smile Characteristics in the Saudi Population of the Jeddah Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdelmageed Awad ◽  
Doaa Saleh Alghamdi ◽  
Aljawharah Talal Alghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crown Length ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Mandibular Teeth ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the degree of visibility of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth at rest in different age groups and to evaluate the smile line, smile arc, and number of maxillary teeth displayed during smiling among the Saudi population visiting King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 157 participants (77 males and 80 females) were included in this study with an age range of 19 to 69 years. All participants had maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth without restorations. Crown length and visible portions of anterior teeth at rest were measured using a Fowler Electronic Digital Caliper. Three measurements of each variable were recorded by two independent dental interns and calibrating their measurements was performed. Smile line, smile arc, and number of teeth displayed during smiling were examined. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software. It was found that the average clinical crown lengths in the maxillary lateral incisor, mandibular central incisor, and canine were significantly higher in males than females. At rest position, females displayed more maxillary central and lateral incisors. The displayed length of maxillary teeth at rest is inversely proportional to increasing age; the reverse occurs in mandibular teeth. The common visibility of maxillary teeth during smiling was from the second bicuspid to its counterpart. Average smile line and consonant smile arc were the most common characteristics. It was concluded that both age and gender affect the characteristics of tooth display at rest and in smiling. These effects should be considered during treatment planning and restoration of anterior teeth to obtain a more predictable esthetic outcome.

scholarly journals Evaluation of variation of D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients to predict the disease outcome in a hospital based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahtaj Khan ◽  
Hamzullah Khan ◽  
Saba Khan ◽  
Mansoor Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
D Dimer

Objectives: To determine the variation of d-dimers in COVID-19. To determine the contribution of demographic factors (age and gender) toward an elevated d-dimers values. To determine the probability of surviving in different age groups in COVID-19, with d-dimer > 0.5 µg/ml. Methodology:  A total of 193 patients were enrolled from COVID-19 isolation units, Hayatabad medical complex Peshawar, whose d-dimer levels were performed as per instructions of the treating physician and were followed. Relevant information’s were recorded on a pre-designed performa prepared in accordance with the objectives of the study. Results: Out of total 193 patients 152(78.8%) were males and 41(21.2%) females. 94(48.7%) patients were in the age range 35-55 y while 76(39.4%) patients had age more than 55 y. Regarding d-dimer readings, 162(83.9%) had d-dimer levels more than 0.5 µg/ml. The mean with standard deviation of age of the patients was 52 ± 13 y. The mean with standard deviation of d-dimer values of the patients was 4.9 ± 13.3 µg/ml. It was observed that, the relative risk of deranged values of d-dimers was 1.18 (rr = 1.18) in patients with age > 55 y. Similarly in female gender the relative risk of higher values of d-dimers above normal was 1.26 (rr = 1.26) without reaching a statistically significant p-value (p = 0.48). The probability of worse outcome in term of death was 2.06 times more in patients with d dimers > 0.5 µg/ml (OR = 2.06). Furthermore the probability of surviving was 90-100% by age < 50 y, 80% in age range 51-60 y, 45% in age range 61-70 y and 30% at age  > 80 y. Conclusion: The deranged d-dimer levels were noted in 84% of the COVID-19 patients. Age > 55 y and female gender are at higher risk of deranged d-dimers and further consequences. Survival rate of patients with deranged d-dimers drops to 30% in patients with age > 80 y, 45% at age < 70 y. Key word: COVID-19, D-dimers, survival rate, prognostic values Anaesth. pain intensive care 2020;24(5): Received: 20 June 2020, Reviewed: 24, 28 June 2020, Accepted: 1 July 2020

Physical Fitness of Adolescents with Auditory Impairments

1986 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Winnick ◽  
Francis X. Short
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Hard Of Hearing ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Gender Performances ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Auditory Impairments ◽  
Age Range

The Project UNIQUE Physical Fitness Test was administered to 153 hard of hearing, 892 deaf, and 686 hearing subjects in the age range of 10 to 17 years to contrast their physical fitness status. Relatively few significant differences between groups were found. Only on the sit-up test did hearing subjects surpass the performance of at least one of the two auditory impaired groups in at least two of the three age groups contrasted. Although some gender and age interactions were found on other test items, no clear pattern relative to a comparison of hearing and auditory impaired groups occurred. Age and gender performances within the auditory impaired groups were similar to those expected of hearing groups.

Age and gender effect on emotional intelligence and emotion regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.K. Datkhabayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gender Effect ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Larger Sample

Emotional intelligence considered as the ability to recognize, understand, and regulate emotions. Emotional intelligence is one of the important modulators of social relationships. The aim of the work is to study age and gender effect on emotional intelligence and emotional self-regulation in three age children groups (between 11-15, 16-18, 19-20 ages old). Emotional intelligence was measured by using adapted versions of the questionnaires "Emotional Intelligence" and "Emotion Regulation". Forty-nine volunteers participated in the current study. Preliminary results revealed the tendency to increase the parameters of emotional intelligence scales with age and prevalence in reappraisal regulation strategy over the suppression in older children. The prevalence in reappraisal strategy which is more favorable and effective strategy of self-regulation showed higher score in girls’ group in comparison to boys’ group. Larger sample of children in the age range from 6 to 20 years is expected to show more significant changes between age groups.

Different dimensions of ageist attitudes among men and women: a multigenerational perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehud Bodner ◽  
Yoav S. Bergman ◽  
Sara Cohen-Fridel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Age And Gender Differences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACTBackground: Ageism, a form of prejudice in which one relates negatively to people due to their age, exists throughout life. However, no attempt has been made to compare ageist attitudes across the life cycle, from young adulthood to old age. Consequently, the current study examined age and gender differences in ageism throughout adulthood.Methods: 955 Israeli participants (age range: 18–98 years) were divided into three age-groups: young (18–39), middle-aged (40–67), and old (68–98), and were administered the Fraboni Scale of Ageism. Age and gender differences were examined both for the three groups and for subgroups within the older adult cohort.Results: Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that middle-aged participants were significantly more ageist than younger and older groups. Across all age groups, men exhibited more avoidance and stereotypical attitudes toward older adults than women. Among the old age group, participants aged 81–98 held more ageist stereotypes and reported more avoidance of older adults than those aged 68–73. Within the older adult cohort, gender was a significant predictor for ageist attitudes among those aged 68–73 and 81–98, but not for people aged 74–80.Conclusions: Ageism demonstrates a changing pattern across the life span. While gender differences remain stable, ageist attitudes toward growing old as we age ourselves are constantly changing. In order to gain a better understanding of ageism as a general and global phenomenon, we need to consider the role of such attitudes in different stages of life.

scholarly journals Suicide Trends over Time by Occupation in Korea and Their Relationship to Economic Downturns

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Ha Yoon ◽  
Sun Jae Jung ◽  
Jaesung Choi ◽  
Mo-Yeol Kang
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽  
Service Trade ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Economic Downturns ◽  
Suicidal Death ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
And Gender

We analyzed suicide mortality by occupation using administrative data from 1993 to 2016. Methods: National death records from 1993 to 2016 of the Korea National Statistical Office (KNSO) were used. Suicidal death was taken from Korean Classification of Disease codes as intentional self-harm (X60–X84) and sequelae of intentional self-harm (Y870). Occupational groups were categorized into “Manager,” “Officer,” ”Service-Trade,” “Agricultural-Fishery-Forestry” (AFF), “Skilled Manual,” and “Unskilled Manual.” Direct standardized mortality (DSM) and standardized mortality ratio (SMR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Overall, suicide rates increased during economic downturns, especially among lower socio-economic occupation classes. Both DSM and SMR were highest in AFF, followed by Unskilled Manual, Service-Trade, Officer, Skilled Manual, and Manager categories among men, whereas women showed the highest DSM and SMR in AFF, followed by Service-Trade, Officer, Unskilled Manual, Manager, and Skilled Manual categories. The age-stratified analysis showed that age groups with increasing trends in suicide differed according to occupation and gender. In certain occupational groups, the time-point prevalence fluctuated with socio-economic background in suicidal mortality and differed by age and gender.

scholarly journals Investigating differences in self-compassion levels: effects of gender and age in a Greek adult sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Eirini Karakasidou ◽  
Georgia Raftopoulou ◽  
Anastassios Stalikas
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Intervention Planning ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Compassion Scale

Self-compassion is a recently developed construct of positive psychology. Several studies have shed light on their benefits on people’s psychological well-being. Furthermore, studies have focused on examining changes in self-compassion according to gender, in specific age groups, demonstrating inconsistent results. The present study aimed to investigate the interaction between self-compassion and gender, overtime, in a wide age range of adulthood. The sample consisted of 291 participants, age range between 18 and 72 years of age, of the general population. The participants completed online self-report questionnaires of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) (Neff, 2003b). Overall results revealed that self-compassion levels were higher for men than women. In addition, self-compassion was positively correlated with age, while older men, of 50 years and above, demonstrated higher self-compassion levels compared to younger age groups. The findings suggest the prudence of self-compassion on psychological prosperity. It is also proposed that the outcomes could contribute to the design of more informed, structured, and well-established intervention planning, targeting groups according to age and gender, which appear to be the most vulnerable. Finally, probable suggestions for further investigation are considered.

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