scholarly journals Evaluation of variation of D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients to predict the disease outcome in a hospital based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahtaj Khan ◽  
Hamzullah Khan ◽  
Saba Khan ◽  
Mansoor Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
D Dimer

Objectives: To determine the variation of d-dimers in COVID-19. To determine the contribution of demographic factors (age and gender) toward an elevated d-dimers values. To determine the probability of surviving in different age groups in COVID-19, with d-dimer > 0.5 µg/ml. Methodology:  A total of 193 patients were enrolled from COVID-19 isolation units, Hayatabad medical complex Peshawar, whose d-dimer levels were performed as per instructions of the treating physician and were followed. Relevant information’s were recorded on a pre-designed performa prepared in accordance with the objectives of the study. Results: Out of total 193 patients 152(78.8%) were males and 41(21.2%) females. 94(48.7%) patients were in the age range 35-55 y while 76(39.4%) patients had age more than 55 y. Regarding d-dimer readings, 162(83.9%) had d-dimer levels more than 0.5 µg/ml. The mean with standard deviation of age of the patients was 52 ± 13 y. The mean with standard deviation of d-dimer values of the patients was 4.9 ± 13.3 µg/ml. It was observed that, the relative risk of deranged values of d-dimers was 1.18 (rr = 1.18) in patients with age > 55 y. Similarly in female gender the relative risk of higher values of d-dimers above normal was 1.26 (rr = 1.26) without reaching a statistically significant p-value (p = 0.48). The probability of worse outcome in term of death was 2.06 times more in patients with d dimers > 0.5 µg/ml (OR = 2.06). Furthermore the probability of surviving was 90-100% by age < 50 y, 80% in age range 51-60 y, 45% in age range 61-70 y and 30% at age  > 80 y. Conclusion: The deranged d-dimer levels were noted in 84% of the COVID-19 patients. Age > 55 y and female gender are at higher risk of deranged d-dimers and further consequences. Survival rate of patients with deranged d-dimers drops to 30% in patients with age > 80 y, 45% at age < 70 y. Key word: COVID-19, D-dimers, survival rate, prognostic values Anaesth. pain intensive care 2020;24(5): Received: 20 June 2020, Reviewed: 24, 28 June 2020, Accepted: 1 July 2020

Motor development in children with congenital cardiac diseases compared to their healthy peers

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birna Bjarnason-Wehrens ◽  
Sigrid Dordel ◽  
Sabine Schickendantz ◽  
Constanze Krumm ◽  
Daniel Bott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Parental Overprotection ◽  
Coordination Test ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

AbstractTheir perceptual and motor experiences determine the physical and motor development of children, and impact also on their emotional, psychosocial, and cognitive development. Our aim, therefore, was to evaluate motor development in children with congenitally malformed hearts compared to their healthy peers.We compared 194 children, with a mean age of 10.0 years, and standard deviation of 2.7 years, representing the entire spectrum of congenital cardiac disease, to a control group of 455 healthy children, having a mean age 9.6 years, with standard deviation of 2.17 years. The bodily coordination test for children was used to examine motor development.Of the children with congenitally malformed hearts, 26.8% showed moderate, and 31.9% had severe disturbances of motor development, compared to 16.5% and 5.5% of the control group, the p-value for these differences being less than 0.001. The mean motor quotient adjusted for age and gender was lower in the children with congenitally malformed hearts than in their healthy peers, at 79.6, with standard deviation of 18.9 as opposed to 96.6, with standard deviation of 15, this difference having a p-value of less than 0.001. Depending on the presence, and/or the degree, of residual sequels, the children with congenitally malformed hearts were divided into two subgroups, with either no or mild residual sequels, or with significant sequels. The mean motor quotient was lower in those with significant residual sequels, at 75, with standard deviation of 19.3, as opposed to 83, with standard deviation of 17.9, the p-value for this difference being less than 0.01. In both subgroups, the mean motor quotient was lower, with a p-value of less than 0.01, than in the control group.Our findings show that children with congenitally malformed hearts have deficits in their motor development, these being found in the presence of no or mild sequels, as well as with significant residual sequels. Parental overprotection may contribute to these findings.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hepatic, Renal and Cardiac Diagnostic Markers in Patients With Severe COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Mobarak ◽  
Asma Mohammadi ◽  
Atefeh Zahedi ◽  
Saeed Jelvay ◽  
Fatemeh Maghsoudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Markers ◽  
Direct Bilirubin ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Infectious Disease Physician ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
D Dimer

SARS-CoV-2 that causes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first known in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of common hepatic, renal, and cardiac diagnostic markers in hospitals in patients with severe COVID 19. In this study, 259 patients with symptoms of severe COVID-19 and a positive RT-PCR assay of nasopharyngeal samples were enrolled. Inclusion criteria are positive for COVID-19 patients at the diagnosis of an infectious disease physician. Diagnostic markers of liver, kidney, and heart were evaluated by age and gender. In this study, 48.3% of patients severe with COVID-19 were male, and 51.7% were female. The mean of markers such as LDH, Direct Bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, D-dimer was higher than normal, which was observed in men more than women. The mean of CK-MB also was higher than normal, which was observed in women more than men. The highest mean of markers was seen in the older ages. The mean of BUN was observed in the age range of 55-64 years and above 65 years above normal. But the mean of CPK, creatinine, potassium and alkaline phosphatase were normal. The results of the present study showed an increase in the level of some of the most important diagnostic markers of hepatic, renal, and cardiac in patients with COVID 19. This increase was greater in some markers, including SGOT, SGPT, Direct bilirubin, LDH, D-dimer, in men than in women, and more in older patients.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Osteoporosis & Osteoporotic Fractures in Korea Based on Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) Database: 2009–2017

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Ho-Seok Oh ◽  
Sung-Kyu Kim ◽  
Hyoung-Yeon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Prescription Data ◽  
Diagnostic Codes ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities ◽  
Fractures Of The Spine ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range

To investigate the incidence and characteristics of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in Korea, we used the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) database. Patients over 50 years old, who were diagnosed or treated for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in all hospitals and clinics, were analyzed between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2017 by using the HIRA database that contains prescription data and diagnostic codes. These data were retrospectively analyzed by decade and age-specific and gender-specific incidents in each year. We also evaluated other characteristics of patients including medication state of osteoporosis, primary used medical institution, regional-specific incidence of osteoporosis, and incidence of site-specific osteoporotic fractures. The number of osteoporosis patients over 50 years old, as diagnosed by a doctor, steadily increased from 2009 to 2017. The number of osteoporosis patients was notably greatest in the 60′s and 70′s age groups in every study period. Patients undergoing treatment for osteoporosis increased significantly (96%) from 2009 to 2017. Among the patients diagnosed with osteoporosis, the proportion who experienced osteoporotic fracture increased gradually (60%) from 2009 to 2017. The number of patients with osteoporotic fractures of the spine and hip was highest in the 70 to 90 age range, and the number of patients with osteoporotic fractures in the upper and lower extremities was highest in the 50 to 70 age range. Understanding the trends of osteoporosis in Korea will contribute to manage the increased number of patients with osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures.

scholarly journals Use of antidepressants among Finnish family caregivers: a nationwide register-based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuija M. Mikkola ◽  
Hannu Kautiainen ◽  
Minna Mänty ◽  
Mikaela B. von Bonsdorff ◽  
Hannu Koponen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
Male Caregivers ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the use of antidepressants over 6 years between family caregivers providing high-intensity care and a matched control population using register-based data. Methods The study includes all individuals, who received family caregiver’s allowance in Finland in 2012 (n = 29,846 females, mean age 66 years; n = 12,410 males, mean age 71 years) and a control population matched for age, sex, and municipality of residence (n = 59,141 females; n = 24,477 males). Information on purchases of antidepressants, including the number of defined daily doses (DDD) purchased, between 2012 and 2017 was obtained from the national drugs reimbursement register. Results During the follow-up, 28.5% of female caregivers and 23.5% of the female controls used antidepressants, while the numbers for males were 21.1% and 16.4%, respectively. Adjusted for socioeconomic status, female caregivers used 43.7 (95% confidence interval 42.4–45.0) and their controls used 36.2 (35.3–37.2) DDDs of antidepressants per person-year. Male caregivers used 29.6 (27.6–31.6) and their controls used 21.6 (20.2–23.0) DDDs of antidepressants per person-year. Among female caregivers, the relative risk for use of antidepressants was similar (about 1.3) from 20 to 70 years, after which the relative risk declined. In male caregivers, the relative risk was highest (about 1.4–1.5) between 45 and 65 years. Conclusions Family caregivers providing high-intensity care use more antidepressants and hence, are likely to have poorer mental health than the age-matched general population in virtually all age groups. However, the magnitude of the higher use varies as a function of age and gender.

The Development of Fundamental Frequency in 6- to 10-Year Old Children: A Brief Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Whiteside ◽  
C. Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Final Position ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age And Sex

This brief study investigates the development of fundamental frequency (FO) in pre-adolescent children as a function of age and sex. The children who took part in the study were divided into three age groups: 6, 8 and 10 years. Each group consisted of three males and three females. Each subject produced nine target phrases with [] in phrase-final position, which were elicited via a picture-naming task. FO was estimated for the nine target utterances and the following FO parameters were derived: mean FO for the whole phrase; FO range for the whole phrase; standard deviation values of FO for the whole phrase and mean FO for the phrase-final vowel [α:]. Results indicated that FO parameters generally decreased with age, and by age 10 years the males had lower values than the females for all four parameters. Results also indicated that the mean standard deviation of FO across the phrase was significantly higher for the females compared to that for the males.

scholarly journals Body Composition in Various Age Groups Among Individual and Team Sport

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-309
Author(s):  
Manzoor Ahmad Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Game Players ◽  
Individual Sports

The study aimed to compare the Body Composition in Various Age Groups among Individual and Team Sport. A total of one hundred twenty (120) subjects, comprising 60 Individual and 60 Team sport of district Kulgam J&K, further out of 60 individual sports players 20 players were of the age group between 20-25, ( 20 ) players were of the age group between 25- 30 and 20 players were of the age group between 30-35. the same procedure was followed for 60 team sports players. The Subjects were selected by using purposive sampling. The age of the subjects ranged between 20-25, the second group 25-30, and the third group 30-35. To analyze and compare the Body Composition and fat percentage in three different age groups among individual sports and team sports, the Following equipment and test were used: the data related to Fat Percentage was measured by Skinfold Calipers. BMI: it was estimated by Stadiometer and weighing machine. ).the data that was collected after applying standard testing kits were written in separate columns and was cross-checked for all three different age groups. Individual and team sports of district kulgam. Then the analysis of data was carried out by applying various statistical techniques like average., standard deviation and through the application of formula of t-test to find out the significant difference of all selected physical variables I,e BMI and fat percentage in various age groups among individual and team sports players of kulgam district the level of significance as per norm was kept as (p<0.05). the mean and standard deviation of BMI in 20-25 age group individual game players is ( 22.02 ±2.20) respectively, and the mean and standard deviation of BMI in 20-25 age group of team sports players is (18.01 ±1.81), with an average difference of 4.01. ). Hence individual sports players were found with a higher BMI than team sports players under the 20-25 age group. BMI in the 25-30 age group individual game players is (23.09±1.76) respectively, and the mean and standard deviation of BMI in 25-30 age group of team sports players is (20.07±3.36), with an average difference of 3.02. ). Hence under this age group, the individual sports players were found with a higher BMI than team sports groups. The mean and standard deviation of BMI in 30-35 age group individual game players is (19.30±2.07) respectively, and the mean and standard deviation of BMI in 30-35 age group of team sports players is (22.17 ±3.47), with an average difference of 2.87. Hence, team sports players were found with a higher BMI under the age group than individual sports players. The mean and standard deviation of fat percentage in 20-25 age group individual game players is (11.09±4.83) respectively, and the mean and standard deviation of fat percentage in 20-25 age group of team sports players is (9.02±4.18), with an average difference of 2.17.).Hence under this age group, individual sports players were found fatty as compared to team sports players. The mean and standard deviation of fat percentage in 25-30 age group individual game players is (10.01±3.53) respectively, and the mean and standard deviation of BMI in 25-30 age group of team sports players is (14.04±7.48), with an average difference of 4.13. ). Hence under this age group, team sports players were found fatty as compared to individual sports players. The mean and standard deviation of BMI in 30-35 age group individual game players is (14.08±2.81) respectively, and the mean and standard deviation of fat percentage in 30-35 age group of team sports players is (18.01±5.64), with an average difference of 3.64. Hence under this age group, team sports players were found fatty as compared to individual sports players

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS IN SUB-ACUTE STROKE PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Aisha Sarfaraz ◽  
Dr Abdul Azeem ◽  
Mehwish Butt ◽  
Muhammad Umar
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
P Value ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Stroke is a very common neurological condition affects various aspects of health. The primary objective of this study was to find out the frequency of functional disability and cognitive impairments in Sub-acute Stroke patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 112 Sub-acute Stroke patients in Karachi, Pakistan. Using Barthel Index (BI) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test was used to find out the frequency of functional disability and cognitive impairments of Sub-acute Stroke patients. RESULTS The correlation of BI scores with MMSE scores for the Male gender was 0.576 whilst the correlation of BI scores with MMSE scores for the Female gender was 0.440. The severity of functional disability concerning age groups assessed P-value was 0.026 using Chi-Square Test. The severity of functional disability (BI severity) concerning gender, P-value was found 0.097 using the same test. CONCLUSION Functional Disability is directly linked with age. However, there was no linkage established between Cognitive Impairment and age as well as gender. On close inspection, there was a trend between Functional disability and gender but not statistically significant.

scholarly journals The Effects of Chemical Disinfection on Dimensional Stability among Different Type of Impression Addition Silicon Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 645-649
Author(s):  
Salah A. Yousief ◽  
Khames T. Alzahrani ◽  
Suha M. Alhuwairini ◽  
Fai Y. Alharbi ◽  
Dalal A. Eissa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Impression Material ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Master Model ◽  
The Cross

Introduction: Saliva and blood contaminated impressions are often a source of cross contamination between the clinic and dental laboratory. Explicit communication and observance of an infection control protocol for handling of dental impressions must exist among the office staff as well as between office and dental laboratories. Though disinfection of impression is routinely followed, autoclaving elastomeric impression is an effective method of sterilization them. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dimensional stability and detail reproduction of a new addition silicon impression material after disinfection. Methods: In this study, a total of twenty impressions for the master model using heat resistant plastic stock trays. The twenty impressions were divided into two groups according to disinfection technique: (Table 2) Group 1: (n=10) Control group, untreated impressions. (C.G) Group 2: (n=10) Impressions were chemically disinfected. (D.G). after all impressions treatment, they were poured with extra hard stone (type IV) to get stone casts. Dimensional accuracy and detail reproduction of the impression material were evaluated indirectly through the recovered improved stone casts from impressions of the master model using the travelling microscope. Results: Cross arch distance (A): Epoxy resin master model cross arch distance measurement (A) was (41.36 mm). 1.1 Measurements of the cross-arch distance of stone casts Control group (C.G): The mean and standard deviation values of distance (A) in stone models obtained from C.G. were 41.553 ± 0.170 mm. Disinfection group (D.G): The mean and standard deviation values of distance (A) in stone models obtained from D.G were 41.368 ± 0.083 mm. ANOVA test showed that there was a statistically difference shrinkage between the groups (P-value = 0.006). 1.2 Measurement of the dimensional changes in the cross-arch distance of the different groups. The mean and standard deviation values of cross arch distance changes in stone models of C.G. were 0.191 ± 0.170 mm. while dimensional changes in stone models obtained from D.G. were 0.006 ± 0.082 mm. Conclusion: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dimensional stability and detail reproduction of a new addition silicon impression material after disinfection. In this study an epoxy resin master model was duplicated from a modified dentate mandibular model. Within the limitations of this study, it could be concluded that Chemical disinfectant of polyvinyl siloxane impression material can be successfully used in making fixed partial dentures.

scholarly journals Frequency of familial short stature identified in children presenting with short stature at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Multan, Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 993-996
Author(s):  
Waqas Imran Khan ◽  
◽  
Asia Noreen ◽  
Summera Tabasum ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: The objective of my study was to determine the frequency of familial short height in children aged 3 to 14 years with short height. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Endocrinology at The Children Hospital & Institute of Child health Multan (CH& ICH). Period: 1st November 2018 to 31st October 2019. Material & Methods: Eighty four patients were enrolled after taking informed consent from parents/guardians. Heights of all patients, parental heights, mid parental heights were plotted on CDC growth charts. Patients having familial short stature were noted down. Results: Out of 84 patients, 59 (70.2%) were males and 25 (29.85%) were females. Age range was 3-14 years. Mean age of the population was 8.68 ± 3.42 years and mean height and weight were 114.29 ± 24.62cm and 28.95±10.01 kg, respectively. Mean height for mother and father of the patients were 154.39 ±4.56cm and 171.10 ± 3.52cm, respectively. Out of 84 children, 21 (25%) patients had FSS. In our study population FSS was more seen in children < 8 years of age, female gender and families with income of > 20K/months with p value of 0.879, 0.129 and 0.592 respectively. Conclusion: Majority of children presenting with short stature have FSS and CDG and do not have an endocrine disorder. In our study, frequency of familial short stature in children aged 3 to 14 years was 25%. The results should be validated in multicenter studies.

scholarly journals Getting Vaccinated Helps: Prospective Study Reveals Lower CT Severity Scores amongst COVID Vaccine Recipients

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla C. Joshi ◽  
Vandana Jahanvi ◽  
Mangal S. Mahajan ◽  
Nivedita C. Ghule Patil ◽  
Priyankkumar G. Moradiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Disease Prognosis ◽  
Important Message ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Reduce Infection Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

Abstract Context Computerized tomography (CT) is an invaluable imaging investigation for evaluating COVID-19 disease. CT detects early changes of COVID-19 pneumonia and predicts the disease prognosis based on a semiquantitative 25-point CT severity score (CT-SS). India launched its vaccination drive in January 2021 with two different vaccines being approved by the government. These vaccines are believed to prevent the disease itself, in majority of the cases and at least decrease disease severity, in the rest. Aim This study aims to evaluate the CT-SS in vaccinated and non-vaccinated subjects who have been diagnosed with COVID-pneumonia or are COVID suspects. Subjects and Methods A total of 3,235 patients with typical COVID-19 related imaging findings on HRCT thorax were included in the study. These subjects were divided into three age categories, 18–44, 45–59 and ≥60 years. The CT severity scores were allotted by experienced radiologists. Medians of the scores in different age groups were compared amongst vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals using the Kruskal–Wallis H test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. All results were shown with 95% confidence interval. Results The difference in the medians amongst the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups was significant, p-values being < 0.001 in all age categories. Conclusion The mean CT-SS was less in vaccinated subjects and the difference in median CT-SS amongst vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals was statistically significant, thus sending an important message that it is mandatory for the population at large to get vaccinated to reduce infection rate/disease severity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document