scholarly journals Economic Impact of Quinoa Consumption in the Diet of University Students Case: ESPOCH Agroindustry Career

Author(s):  
B. Bravo ◽  
M. Miranda ◽  
J. López

Quinoa is an ancestral plant, originally cultivated in the Andes. It is a product with exceptional nutritional value and it has been important in the socio-economic evolution of the Andean population. Food is considered a natural, ecological and economic product. Since quinoa has the same amount of protein as meat, it can complement people’s daily food at a very low cost. The objective of this work was to carry out market research to determine the knowledge of university students about the protein value of quinoa in their diet and its purchasing power. The design was semi-experimental and descriptive. The study population was students of the Agroindustry degree of the Faculty of Livestock Sciences of the Higher Polytechnic School of Chimborazo. Data were collected through a questionnaire, which contained ten open and closed questions. 192 people were surveyed. Data were also collected through direct observations in the food laboratory. The results indicated a high level of ignorance of the benefits of quinoa. A lack of knowledge about quinoa can result in smaller economic benefits for those who produce this high protein food, which in most cases are indigenous communities. Keywords: economic, consumption, quinoa, incidence. Resumen El presente trabajo, tiene por objetivo realizar una investigación de mercado, para determinar el conocimiento de los estudiantes universitarios, sobre el valor proteico de la quinua en su alimentación y el poder adquisitivo de la misma. El diseño es de tipo semi experimental y descriptiva. La población en estudio, son estudiantes de la carrera de Agroindustria de la Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo; para la recolección de datos se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta, apoyado en el cuestionario de la encuesta, como instrumento, la cual contiene diez preguntas abiertas y cerradas, basados en los objetivos de la investigación, se consideró una muestra de 192 personas, con la finalidad de obtener datos importantes que han sido analizados y explicados de forma descriptiva en el proceso, así mismo la observación directa que se realizó en el laboratorio de alimentos, mediante pruebas que se realizaron. La quinua es una planta ancestral, cultivada originariamente en los Andes, producto con excepcional valor nutritivo, e importante evolución socio económica de la población Andina. Alimentariamente es considerado un producto natural, ecológico y económico, ya que tiene la misma cantidad de proteína como la carne, puede complementar el alimento diario de cada persona a un costo muy bajo. Los resultados obtenidos, permitieron identificar el nivel de desconocimiento de los beneficios de la quinua, dando como resultado el mínimo impacto económico en quienes producen este alimento proteico, que, en la mayoría de los casos, son comunidades indígenas que buscan emprender. Palabras clave: economía, consumo, quinua, incidencia.

Author(s):  
G. M. Ati ◽  
E. A. Muñoz ◽  
D. A. Vistin ◽  
G. Y. Balseca

The Chimborazo Wildlife Production Reserve is one of the most important protected areas in Ecuador, located in the provinces of Chimborazo, Tungurahua, Bolívar in the Andes, has an area of 52683 ha, consisting of eight plant formations, 41 indigenous communities that inhabit in this conservation site. Rio Blanco, is a representative community of the subnival wet grassland ecosystem of the moorland where the research was carried out, in which the floristic composition, the threats were analyzed, from which the guidelines for its conservation were formulated. The Gloria methodology was applied to determine coverage, biodiversity indexes and the IVI. 10 families and 23 genera were found, the most abundant are asteraceae and geraniaceae. The site reports a diversity that goes from medium to high. The identified ecosystem services are supply, regulation and cultural. From the analysis of contribution and irreversibility; of severity and scope, the formation presents an average of (2.05) and (2.8) respectively, it means that the pressure is wide in scope, with these elements in a participatory way the guidelines were defined to avoid the deterioration of the ecosystem to Through four programs. Keywords: conservation, training, grassland threats, guidelines. Resumen La Reserva de Producción de Fauna Chimborazo es una de las áreas protegidas más importantes de Ecuador, ubicada en las provincias de Chimborazo, Tungurahua, Bolívar en los Andes, tiene una extensión de 52683 ha, formada por ocho formaciones vegetales, 41 comunidades indígenas que habitan en este sitio de conservación. Rio Blanco, es una comunidad representativa del ecosistema herbazal húmedo subnival del páramo donde se desarrolló la investigación, en esta se analizó la composición florística, las amenazas, a partir de lo cual se formularon los lineamientos para su conservación. Se aplicó la metodología Gloria para determinar coberturas, índices de biodiversidad y el IVI. Se encontraron 10 familias y 23 géneros, las de mayor abundancia son asteraceae y geraniaceae. El sitio reporta una diversidad que va de media a alta. Los servicios ecosistemicos identificados son de suministro, regulación y cultural. A partir de los análisis de contribución e irreversibilidad; de severidad y alcance, la formación presenta un promedio de (2,05) y (2,8) respectivamente, significa que la presión es de amplio alcance, con estos elementos en forma participativa se definieron los lineamientos para evitar el deterioro del ecosistema a través de cuatro programas. Palabras clave: conservación, formación, herbazal, amenazas, lineamientos.


UVserva ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Diana Valázquez Fernández ◽  
Elvia Vianey Guerrero Alcocer ◽  
Ranulfo Pérez Garcés ◽  
Yuridia Sánchez Repizo ◽  
Ofelia Márquez Molina

Promover la salud implica el cuidado de la salud no únicamente, la prevención o el tratamiento, significa su protección. La elaboración de instrumentos para la evaluación de salud es eje central en el diseño e implementación de estrategias de promoción y prevención. El objetivo fue diseñar y validar un instrumento para medir el estado de salud integral de universitarios. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de las variables: educación sexual, medio ambiente, estrés, nutrición, salud bucal, actividad física, género, inclusión, consumo de alcohol y tabaco con la finalidad de integrar la encuesta. Se diseñó un instrumento de 63 preguntas, fue aplicado en dos poblaciones de 96 universitarios. La varianza oscilo entre 0.71 - 4.89; el valor más bajo fue en consumo de alcohol y tabaco; y la más alta en actividad física. Conclusión el instrumento es confiable para determinar la salud integral de universitarios con un alfa de Cronbach>0.90.Palabras clave: Cuestionario, validación, autocuidado, empoderamiento, salud Promoting health implies not only health care, prevention or treatment, it means your protection. The development of instruments for health assessment is a central axis in the design and implementation of promotion and prevention strategies. The objective was to design and validate an instrument to measure the state of integral health of university students. A bibliographic review of the variables was carried out: sexual education, environment, stress, nutrition, oral health, physical activity, gender, inclusion, alcohol and tobacco consumption in order to integrate the survey. An instrument of 63 questions was designed, it was applied in two populations of 96 university students. The variance ranged from 0.71 - 4.89; the lowest value was in alcohol and tobacco consumption; and the highest in physical activity. Conclusion the instrument is reliable to determine the comprehensive health of university students with a Cronbach's alpha> 0.90.Keywords: questionnaire, validation, self-care, empowerment, health 


Mining ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34
Author(s):  
Tiyamike Haundi ◽  
Gift Tsokonombwe ◽  
Steven Ghambi ◽  
Theresa Mkandawire ◽  
Ansley Kasambara

In the recent years, there has been a surge in artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) in various districts of Malawi. Reports of a gold rush have emerged in various districts, including Mangochi, Lilongwe, Balaka, and lately in Kasungu. There has been persistence by many indigenous communities participating in ASGM activities, yet little is being done by the government to formalize and support the sub-sector. The purpose of this study was to investigate the benefits of artisanal small-scale gold mining in Malawi and expose the shortfalls so that key stakeholders and policy makers are well informed. A quantitative approach which used semi-structured questionnaires was used and the data was analyzed using Microsoft excel and Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The study shows that ASGM is characterized by people with low literacy levels, who use traditional tools (low-tech) and use methods fueled by lack of capital, and deficiency of basic knowledge of mining and geology. The study found that the government could achieve substantial socio-economic development from the sector by: (1) revising the current artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) legislation so that it embraces the customary practices whilst safeguarding the environment and improving the tax collection base; (2) providing support in form of mining related training and education to these communities; (3) leading in transfer of modern technologies for improved extraction; (4) supporting ASM cooperatives in securing credit facilities from financial institutions; and (5) closing the existing knowledge gap for ASM related issues through introduction of mining desk officers in district councils.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marceline F. Finda ◽  
Fredros O. Okumu ◽  
Elihaika Minja ◽  
Rukiyah Njalambaha ◽  
Winfrida Mponzi ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Different forms of mosquito modifications are being considered as potential high-impact and low-cost tools for future malaria control in Africa. Although still under evaluation, the eventual success of these technologies will require high-level public acceptance. Understanding prevailing community perceptions of mosquito modification is, therefore, crucial for effective design and implementation of these interventions. This study investigated community perceptions regarding genetically-modified mosquitoes (GMMs) and their potential for malaria control in Tanzanian villages where no research or campaign for such technologies has yet been undertaken. Methods A mixed-methods design was used, involving: (i) focus group discussions (FGD) with community leaders to get insights on how they frame and would respond to GMMs, and (ii) structured questionnaires administered to 490 community members to assess awareness, perceptions and support for GMMs for malaria control. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the findings and thematic content analysis was used to identify key concepts and interpret the findings. Results Nearly all survey respondents were unaware of mosquito modification technologies for malaria control (94.3%), and reported no knowledge of their specific characteristics (97.3%). However, community leaders participating in FGDs offered a set of distinctive interpretive frames to conceptualize interventions relying on GMMs for malaria control. The participants commonly referenced their experiences of cross-breeding for selecting preferred traits in domestic plants and animals. Preferred GMMs attributes included the expected reductions in insecticide use and human labour. Population suppression approaches, requiring as few releases as possible, were favoured. Common concerns included whether the GMMs would look or behave differently than wild mosquitoes, and how the technology would be integrated into current malaria control policies. The participants emphasised the importance and the challenge of educating and engaging communities during the technology development. Conclusions Understanding how communities perceive and interpret novel technologies is crucial to the design and effective implementation of new vector control programmes. This study offers vital clues on how communities with no prior experience of modified mosquitoes might conceptualize or respond to such technologies when deployed in the context of malaria control programmes. Drawing upon existing interpretive frames and locally-resonant analogies when deploying such technologies may provide a basis for more durable public support in the future.


Author(s):  
T. G. Ambaye ◽  
M. Vaccari ◽  
E. D. van Hullebusch ◽  
A. Amrane ◽  
S. Rtimi

AbstractCurrently, due to the rapid growth of urbanization and industrialization in developing countries, a large volume of wastewater is produced from industries that contain chemicals generating high environmental risks affecting human health and the economy if not treated properly. Consequently, the development of a sustainable low-cost wastewater treatment approach has attracted more attention of policymakers and scientists. The present review highlights the recent applications of biochar in removing organic and inorganic pollutants present in industrial effluents. The recent modes of preparation, physicochemical properties and adsorption mechanisms of biochar in removing organic and inorganic industrial pollutants are also reviewed comprehensively. Biochar showed high adsorption of industrial dyes up to 80%. It also discusses the recent application and mechanism of biochar-supported photocatalytic materials for the degradation of organic contaminants in wastewater. We reviewed also the possible optimizations (such as the pyrolysis temperature, solution pH) allowing the increase of the adsorption capabilities of biochar leading to organic contaminants removal. Besides, increasing the pyrolysis temperature of the biochar was seen to lead to an increase in its surface area, while it decreases their amount of oxygen-containing functional groups, consequently leading to a decrease in the adsorption of metal (loid) ions present in the medium. Finally, the review suggests that more research should be carried out to optimize the main parameters involved in biochar production and its regeneration methods. Future efforts should be also carried out towards process engineering to improve its adsorption capacity to increase the economic benefits of its implementation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Thanvi ◽  
P Thakkar

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction   Cardiovascular disease (CVD) including heart disease and stroke, is the leading cause of death globally and in India.  The importance of primary prevention, defined as interventions designed to modify adverse risk factors with the goal of preventing an initial CVD event has been established beyond doubt by several population based studies in healthy individuals. While there have been many studies defining the high prevalence in CVD risk factors in Indian population, this study sought to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed modifiable CVD risk factors in healthy individuals.  Methods The  cross sectional, analytical study was carried out at the hospitals, from 1st April 2015 to 31st dec 2017. Subjects between 18 - 70 years of age who were healthy and were undergoing health checkup were included in the study. A total of 5000 patients were screened, those having existing CVD risk factors were excluded from the study.  This study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the hospital. Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects. The data collection record sheet was prepared based on validated and standardized questionnaires which was used to enter all data.  Physical examination for vitals and BMI was done by qualified physicians. Blood investigations were done for diabetes and dyslipidemia and thyroid dysfunction. ACC/AHA criteria was used for diagnosis of  hypertension, ADA criteria for diabetes. Joint British society 3 risk score and ASCVD risk score was calculated using standard calculators. Results At screening, 4998 participants aged ≥18 years were approached to participate in study. The study population included 2705 men (68.1%) and 1265 women (31.9%) with a mean age of 68± 18.8 years. The most prevalent risk factor was overweight and obesity (71.2%). The prevalence of undiagnosed HTN was 73.3%, undiagnosed pre-diabetes was 24.9% and undiagnosed diabetes was 28.3%. Out of total, 44.3% subjects had high level of low-density lipoprotein and 36.6% subjects had low level of high-density lipoprotein, 20.1% subjects had high level of very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and 17.3% subjects had high level of triglyceride. Tobacco smoking was present in 7.7% of the population. The risk estimation predicted 29.1% of the study participants to have more than 10% risk of heart attack/stroke risk at 10 years. Conclusion Our study reveals a fairly good snapshot of CVDs risk factors in healthy general population. Increased prevalence of high BMI, undiagnosed HTN, diabetes, dyslipidemia was present in our study population.  The population had significantly high predicted risk of heart attack/stroke. These findings warrant the need of community based life style modifications, regular health checkup for healthy population for early detection and modification of CVD risk factors.


SCIENTIARVM ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
José M. Rojas Durand ◽  
◽  
Gladys E. Nuñez Zevallos ◽  
Mercedes H. Nuñez Zevallos ◽  
◽  
...  

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el riesgo de mortalidad de pacientes de la población arequipeña que acudió Hospital Nacional Carlos Alberto Seguin Escobedo (HNCASE) usando el score GRACE y hallar la relación del sexo con el resultado de obtener un riesgo alto del score. El estudio fue diseñado con carácter descriptivo correlacional y transversal, para la recolección de datos se acudió a los departamentos de estadística y cardiología del HNCASE, se elaboró una base de datos en el programa Excel 2019, utilizando como herramienta el score GRACE, un score validado al nivel internacional, se calculó el riesgo de muerte de los pacientes con SCA. Con el mismo programa, se elaboraron tablas de frecuencias y promedios para elaborar el informe y, para relacionar el riesgo alto del score GRACE con el sexo de los pacientes, se usó la prueba estadística del Chi Cuadrado. No se consideró a la angina estable ni a la de Prinzmetal en este estudio. Se registraron 234 casos de SCA entre Infartos y Angina Inestable. Varones 76.5%, Mujeres 23.5%. La edad media de mujeres fue de 73 y de varones 67. Los casos más presentados fueron de Infarto agudo de miocardio sin elevación del segmento ST (IAMNSTE) 154 (67%) seguido de Angina inestable 44 casos (18%) e Infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST (IAMSTE) 36 casos (15%). La mayoría de casos tuvieron un score GRACE con riesgo Alto (59% en todos los casos de SCA y 66% en los casos de Infarto Agudo de Miocardio) No hubo diferencia en el número de atenciones realizadas de casos de SCA antes de la pandemia por SARSCOV2 vs. durante la pandemia. Los fallecidos fueron 22 (9.4%). En este estudio se encontró una relación significativa entre el sexo y la probabilidad de obtener un score GRACE con riesgo ALTO de mortalidad, estando en la población arequipeña las mujeres más propensas a obtener un puntaje ALTO a diferencia de los varones. Se concluye que muchos de los resultados obtenidos se parecen a los que se encontraron en estudios hechos en España y Cuba. Se recomienda utilizar un score validado al nivel internacional para determinar el riesgo de mortalidad y así dar un tratamiento ideal, pero no se debe dejar de lado el criterio médico. Palabras clave: Síndrome coronario agudo, Población Arequipeña, score GRACE, riesgo de mortalidad.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 650
Author(s):  
Simon Ayo Adekunle ◽  
Oiza Lauren Dimowo

This study investigated smartphone preference among undergraduate and postgraduate students in Nigerian universities. Specifically, the study examined the extent to which students’ demographic attributes such as gender, age, usage experience and educational level influence their preference for smartphones. The study also identified and ranked smartphone brands based on selected factors like brand name, brand attachment, perceived usefulness, social influence, price, aesthetic value and product design and features. A cross-sectional survey research design was used for the study. The study population comprised all full-time university students in Nigeria both at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Questionnaire was designed and electronically administered using Google Form to the target respondents. After three weeks (10th June to 1st July 2020), five hundred and forty-three (543) responses were collated. However, seventy-eight (78) were found to be invalid. As a result, four hundred and sixty-five (465) responses that formed the sample size were used for the study. The data collected were statistically analyzed using frequency table, percentages, mean, standard deviation and t-test with the aid of Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The study found that Samsung is the most preferred smartphone among students. It was also revealed that the first three most important factors that influence students' preference for smartphones are brand name, perceived usefulness, and design/features. The study revealed that demographic attributes do not significantly influence smartphone preference among university students. The study, therefore, recommends that demographic attributes such as gender, age, usage experience and programme should not be significantly considered by manufacturers and marketers of smartphones in product differentiation. Keywords: Brand name, demographics, preference, smartphone, students.    


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain Lunney

ABSTRACT In a cost-sensitive market driven by depressed commodity prices, significant capital challenges exist for operators interested in pursuing exploration activities in remote environments to define their producible reserves. This paper explores the organizational and operational model developed by a service company over several remote area mobilizations; this model resulted in an optimized low-cost service delivery model characterized by top quartile operational key performance indicators (KPIs). The model centralizes critical functions of an operational organization into discrete service units that are located near the operational location or that provide remote assistance with communication and reporting lines in place to function effectively. Top quartile operational performance and tool availability is a result of placing a remote repair and maintenance facility that includes containerized specialty modules near the operational area. The upfront bottomhole assembly engineering, 24/7 monitoring, and proactive feedback of logged data, drillstring dynamics, and wellbore hydraulics are performed by a core team of subject matter experts in their respective disciplines from an established centralized operating center. The operational KPIs over the course of the six well exploration campaign provided substantial evidence to support the reliability of the model and the high level of experience used in both the remote maintenance facility and the operations center support team.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leide Silva do Carmo ◽  
Nelson Iguimar Valerio

Several factors can cause damage to the mental health of university students, e.g. academic adaptation, housing change, distance from family and friends, and dealing with stressors regarding new requirements, which need some resources to cope with such situations. The content of this book, from the Master's Dissertation developed by the authors at the Stricto-Sensu Psychology and Health Post-Graduation Program at the Medical School of São José do Rio Preto - FAMERP, aims at describing the presence of mental disorders and demonstrating the implementation of a life-skills training in university students (Medicine and Nursing), randomly chosen in a teaching institution in a medium-sized city, interior of São Paulo state. The participants expressed high symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress in the initial evaluation, however, after the training of group life skills, they showed significant improvements with maintenance of these rates during the follow-up. This training can be stood out to improve the mental health and life skills of the students. It is likely that the intervention group may have helped these students to cope with negative pressures, avoiding risky behaviors, communicating effectively; moreover, coping with adaptations and changes in such academic process. It is worthwhile to point out that this study may encourage further research in relation to mental health and life-skills in university students, and that it will encourage the insertion of programs with these skills training, due to their effectiveness, low cost, the participants´ acceptance, improvement in mental health, and provide increasing academic performance.


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