scholarly journals Association of rs1946518 C/A Polymorphism in Promoter Region of Interleukin 18 Gene and Breast Cancer Risk in Iranian Women: A Case-control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazila Fathi Maroufi ◽  
Elnaz Aghayi ◽  
Hamid Garshasbi ◽  
Milad Gholampour Matin ◽  
Ahmad Babazadeh Bedoustani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women in the world. Genetic polymorphisms in Interleukin (IL) genes are one of the most important risk factors in BC. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of rs1946518 C/A polymorphism in the promoter region of the IL-18 gene and BC risk in Iranian women. In this case-control study, we recruited 140 women with BC as a case group and 140 age and ethnically matched women as healthy controls from East Azerbaijan, Tabriz in Iran. The genomic DNA was extracted using a salting-out method from peripheral blood leukocytes. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The genotype distribution in BC patients was 37.86% CC, 47.14% CA, and 15.00% AA, whereas in healthy controls these were 40.72% CC, 42.85% CA, and 16.43% AA. Statistical analysis showed that the genotype and allele frequencies of IL-18 rs1946518 C/A polymorphism were not significantly different between BC patients and healthy controls (p>0.05). The only significant difference between cases and controls was related to family history (p=0.023). In conclusion, our study indicated that IL-18 rs1946518 C/A polymorphism was not associated with BC in the Iranian women population. However, more studies on different races and geographic areas are required to determine the exact role of rs1946518 C/A polymorphism in prognosis, diagnosis, and risk of BC.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Serum Levels of Vitamin C, Uric Acid and Antioxidant Condition with Coronary Artery Diseases: a Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Torkzaban ◽  
Seyed Amir Mansour Alavi Naeini ◽  
Akbar Hassanzadeh ◽  
Mehrdad Namdari
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Coronary hearth diseases are among the main causes of death in adults. Increase of oxidative stress and defects in antioxidant defense play a major role in endothelium performance and are an effective factor in progress of atherosclerosis. Some studies have also reported different malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity among the atherosclerosis patients.Methods In this case-control study, 44 atherosclerosis patients referring to Shahid Madani treatment-education center were considered as the case group; while 44 healthy peoples were placed in the control group. Demographic data and anthropometric indices were measured. Food frequency questionnaire and international physical activity questionnaires were also completed. After 12 hours of fasting, 10 ml blood was sampled from the participants. Uric acid, vitamin C, TAC and MDA were also measured. The data were finally analyzed by SPSS Ver 22 software.Results A significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of uric acid (P<0.001) and vitamin C (P<0.03). However, mean MDA and TAC showed no significant difference between the two groups. The two groups’ difference in terms of vitamin A, E and beta carotene, zinc and selenium intake was not significant. A significant difference was however detected between the two groups in terms of vitamin C (P<0.047). A significant relationship was also observed between the systolic pressure and CHD (P<0.028).Conclusion Results of this study indicated that the uric acid and vitamin C levels of atherosclerosis patients had significant increase and decrease in comparison with the healthy subjects, respectively. Mean TAC and antioxidant levels of their diets (except for vitamin C) showed no significant difference. Systolic blood pressure of the patients was significantly higher than the controls.

Effect of migraine attack on pupil size, accommodation and ocular aberrations

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212097533
Author(s):  
Merve Beyza Yildiz ◽  
Elvin Yildiz ◽  
Sevcan Balci ◽  
Buse Rahime Hasirci Bayir ◽  
Yılmaz Çetinkaya
Keyword(s):  
Migraine Attack ◽  
Pupil Size ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Unilateral Headache ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

Purpose: To evaluate the pupil size, accommodation, and ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in patients with migraine during migraine attacks and compare them with interictal period and healthy controls. Methods: This prospective, case–control study included 48 eyes of 24 patients with migraine and 48 eyes of 24 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Measurements were performed using a Hartmann Shack aberrometer. Accommodative responses to accommodative stimulus ranging from 0 to 5 diopters (D) in increments of 0.5 D were recorded. Spherical, coma, trefoil aberration, and root mean square (RMS) of total HOAs were assessed. Patients with migraine were measured twice during the interictal phase and during migraine attack. Results: The mean pupil size significantly decreased during migraine attack (5.85 ± 0.19 mm) compared with the interictal phase (6.05 ± 0.19 mm) in the patients with migraine ( p = 0.012). There was a significant increase in the accommodative response to accommodative stimulus of 1.5 to 5 D during migraine attack. No significant change was observed in HOAs during migraine attack. In addition, no ictal or interictal period measurements were statistically significantly different from the controls. Comparing symptomatic and non-symptomatic sides in 17 migraine patients with unilateral headache, no significant difference was found in any of the measurements in both ictal and interictal periods. Conclusion: Our results suggest the presence of a subtle oculosympathetic hypofunction in patients with migraine during the ictal period compared to the interictal period. The accommodation status of the eye seems to be affected by this autonomic dysfunction.

scholarly journals Association of M55L and Q192R polymorphisms of paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) with recurrent pregnancy loss risk: A case–control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Alizadeh ◽  
Mahboobeh Nasiri ◽  
Morteza Samadi ◽  
Nasrin Ghasemi ◽  
Ali Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Control Study

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) refers to the incidence of two or more abortions before the first half of pregnancy. Oxidative stress has been hypothesized to play a central role in RPL. Objective: To investigate the relationship between Q192R and L55M polymorphisms of PON1 as antioxidant enzyme and the risk of RPL. Materials and Methods: In this case–control study, 110 women with RPL (case) and 110 healthy fertile women (control) referred to the Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shiraz, Iran were enrolled. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood in all participants. Polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results: Statistical analysis of Q192R polymorphism showed a significant difference for the RR genotype between the case and control group (OR = 11, CI = 1.39–86.87, p = 0.005) but none for the QR and QQ genotypes. No significant association was observed between the R and Q allelic frequency in the RPL participants compared to the control group (p = 0.53). Also, statistical analysis of the L55M polymorphism for MM genotype in the case group compared with the control group showed a significant difference (OR = 3.59, CI = 0.97–13.30, p = 0.042), but none for the LM and LL genotypes. Conclusion: The findings showed a significant correlation between the Q192R polymorphisms and the L55M PON1 enzyme and RPL in this study population. Key words: Pregnancy, Abortion, PON1, Polymorphism, Recurrent pregnancy loss.

scholarly journals An evaluation of the risk factors of breast cancer in women in Ilam Province: a case–control study based on hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. BMT49
Author(s):  
Shoboo Rahmati ◽  
Milad Azami ◽  
Zahra Jaafari ◽  
Nasrin Pouratar ◽  
Khairollah Asodollahi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Aims: The present study aimed to identify the most associated risk factors of breast cancer in Ilam province in 2015–2016. Materials & methods: In this case–control study, the case group consisted of 50 women with breast cancer with a definitive diagnosis from date 23 September 2015 to 22 September 2016. The two groups were group matched in terms of age. Data were collected through interviews and medical records. Results: According to the results, there was a significant relationship between the disease status and variables of family history, history of irregular menstrual cycles, history of breastfeeding, menopausal status, history of oral contraceptive pill consumption, BMI, menarche and number of pregnancies (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Regarding decisive risk factors of breast cancer, more studies with larger sample sizes that take into account more risk factors are necessary.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Malnutrition and Liver Enzymes in Hospitalized Children in Zahedan: A case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Karajibani ◽  
Farzaneh Montazerifar ◽  
Razieh Hosseini ◽  
Fatemeh Suni ◽  
Ali Reza Dashipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Background: Malnutrition causes nutritional, metabolism, and biochemical disorders and finally leads to mortality. Several studies have highlighted that serum liver enzymes are increased in patients with malnutrition. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between malnutrition and liver enzymes in hospitalized children in Zahedan. Methods: This case-control study was conducted among 145 hospitalized children under six years old, including 74 cases and 71 controls. The case group was diagnosed with malnutrition according to weight for age indices (Z-Score < -2SD), and controls were determined based on the following indices (Z-Score > -2SD) of classification of WHO 2006 growth standards. Serum was isolated after taking blood from the samples. Then liver enzymes, including AST, ALP, and ALT, were measured by spectrophotometric method. Results: A total of 145 subjects were enrolled that consisted of 74 cases and 71 controls. No significant difference was observed in serum liver markers, including AST, ALT, and ALP between the two groups, However, the level of AST, ALT, and ALP was higher than the standard level. There was a significant correlation between AST with ALT (r = 0.74, P < 0.001), and ALP (r = 0.27, P = 0.03). Conclusions: The findings indicated that there was no significant alteration in enzyme markers in the two groups. However, AST and ALT levels increased, and ALP levels decreased compared with the control. Different degrees of malnutrition, including mild, moderate, and severe, can probably change the levels of hepatic enzymes in under-nourished children. Alteration of these liver enzymes could be due to the metabolic modification, which can be the result of protein deficiency.

scholarly journals Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha SNP Variant in Promoter Region G308a, cause Preeclampsia during Pregnancy in Pakistani Women, A Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
AZIZAH ZIAUDDIN ◽  
SADIA AHMAD ◽  
ASAD IQBAL ◽  
ABDUL MAJID KHAN ◽  
SHAHID MAHMOOD
Keyword(s):  
Promoter Region ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Risk Condition ◽  
Control Study

Preeclampsia (PE) is a very common critical condition during pregnancy. As PE is a high-risk condition during pregnancy, occurring in 25% of all pregnancies, worldwide. In women with PE there is an increase in hypertension and albuminuria. Elevated blood pressure can be life-threatening after 20th week of pregnancy. Single nucleotide variation in gene sequence can be disease causing, among these pathogenic SNPs, a variant in TNF-α, G308A is analyzed in many studies as a causative variant to cause preeclampsia. In this case control study fifty patients and fifty healthy individuals were enrolled for analysis of TNF-α promoter region SNP G308A from Jinnah hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. The genotyping of TNF-α (G308A) rs1800629 polymorphisms was performed by PCR-RFLP method. Data analysis was performed by using SNPStats, statistical tool. The mean age of all patients and controls were calculated, 24.4 ± 6.6 and 25.1 ± 5.3 years, respectively. The frequency of G308A polymorphism was more prevalent in the case group, in association with control group (p<0.001). There was a significant correlation between inflammation promoting genotypes of TNF-α and PE. It can be warily concluded that: TNF- α (G-308A) polymorphism can be reflected as a marker of predisposition to preeclampsia in our population.

A Case-Control Study on the p73 G4A Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in an Iranian Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Zahra GHOLIZADEH ◽  
Amin Reza NIKPOOR ◽  
Jalil TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Rashin GANJALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: The tumor protein p73 (TP73) is a homolog of TP53 family. Ectopic p73 overexpression largely mimics p53 activities as a tumor suppressor and activates the transcription of p53-responsive genes and as a result induce apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the association between p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 105 patients who admitted in educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran during 2013-2015, with breast cancer as case group and 120 healthy women as the control group. PCR-CTPP method was used to investigate the relationship between the p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer. Results: There was no significant association between the AA genotype of the p73 G4A polymorphism and breast cancer in case and control groups. Although G allele frequency was higher in the case group, the abundance of this allele between case and control groups was not statistically meaningful and, as a result, not associated with the risk of breast cancer in this study group. Conclusion: There was no association between G4A p73 polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population.  

Dietary Habits and Physical Activity are Associated With the Risk of Breast Cancer Among Young Iranian Women: A Case-control Study on 1010 Premenopausal Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. e127-e134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Fararouei ◽  
Aqsa Iqbal ◽  
Shahab Rezaian ◽  
Zahra Gheibi ◽  
Aria Dianatinasab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Migraine in recurrent depression: case–control study

2009 ◽  
Vol 194 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Samaan ◽  
Anne Farmer ◽  
Nick Craddock ◽  
Lisa Jones ◽  
Ania Korszun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
International Headache Society ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Recurrent Depression ◽  
Recurrent Headache ◽  
Specific Association ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundAn association between depression and headache is well established, but the specificity to migraine is unclear.AimsTo investigate the specificity of the association of depression and migraine.MethodPeople with recurrent depression (n=1259) were compared with psychiatrically healthy controls (n=851) to investigate headache defined according to International Headache Society criteria in each group.ResultsAll headache types were more prevalent in the case group than in the controls. However, the strongest association was between depression and migraine with aura (OR=5.6). Among participants with recurrent headaches, migraine with aura (but not other forms of headache) was highly significantly associated with depression.ConclusionsThe data suggest that not only is there a general relationship between headache and depression but also that among people with recurrent headache there is a specific association between depression and migraine with aura. The association is likely to be explained by overlapping aetiological risk factors.

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