Prevalence of Dyslipidemia in Urban and Rural Areas of the Northwest of Iran: The Sociodemographic, Dietary and Psychological Determi-nants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jafar Sadegh TABRIZI ◽  
Leila NIKNIAZ ◽  
Homayoun SADEGHI-BAZARGANI ◽  
Mostafa FARAHBAKHSH ◽  
Zeinab NIKNIAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Psychological Determinants ◽  
Preventable Risk Factor ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
The Mean

Background: As dyslipidemia is a preventable risk factor for Coronary heart disease (CHD), precise estimation of its prevalence and determinants is crucial for proper development of health actions. This population-based study aimed at investigating the socioeconomic, dietary and psychological determinants of dyslipidemia in Iran. Methods: The data (n=700) for this study were collected in 2015 as a part of the major Lifestyle Promotion Project (LPP) conducted in East Azerbaijan (urban and regional parts). The data for socio-demographic status, dietary information, and physical activity and anxiety levels were collected through validated questionnaires. Then, physical examinations including blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and conicity index were performed. The levels of serum lipids were measured by enzymatic colorimetric methods. Results: The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, high LDL-C, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C and dyslipidemia was 29.4%, 10.3%, 62.3%, 41.4%, 83.3% respectively. The mean TC (184.3±41.2 vs. 174.5±38.1 mg/dl), LDL-C (94.6±30.3 vs. 88.1±28.7 mg/dl) and HDL-C (46.7±10.4 vs. 39.5±8.0 mg/dl) in women were significantly higher than men (P<0.05). However, the mean of TG (182.3±119.3 vs. 145.1±87.8 mg/dl) was significantly higher in men compared to women (P<0.05). Obesity, family history of dyslipidemia, sedentary lifestyle, smoking habits, salt intake, and anxiety were risk factors for different components of dyslipidemia in men and women. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is a major health problem in northwest of Iran. Focusing on screening, regular drug intake, proper nutrition, physical activity, and changing lifestyles of patients with dyslipidemia are essential.  

scholarly journals Salt intake and blood pressure in Iranian children and adolescents: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hassan Emamian ◽  
Hossein Ebrahimi ◽  
Hassan Hashemi ◽  
Akbar Fotouhi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Population Based ◽  
World Health ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Previous studies have reported a high prevalence of hypertension in Iranian students, especially in rural areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the daily intake of salt in students and its association with high blood pressure. Methods A random sub-sample was selected from the participants of the second phase of Shahroud schoolchildren eye cohort study and then a random urine sample was tested for sodium, potassium and creatinine. Urine electrolyte esexcretion and daily salt intake were calculated by Tanaka et al.’s formula. Results Among 1455 participants (including 230 participants from rural area and 472 girls), the mean age was 12.9 ± 1.7 year and the mean daily salt intake was 9.7 ± 2.6 g (95% CI 9.5–9.8). The mean salt consumption in rural areas [10.8 (95% CI 10.4–11.2)] was higher than urban areas [9.4 (95% CI 9.3–9.6)], in people with hypertension [10.8 (95% CI 10.3–11.3)] was more than people with normal blood pressure [9.4 (95% CI 9.3–9.6)], and in boys [9.8 (95% CI 9.7–10.0)] was more than girls [9.3 (95% CI 9.1–9.6)]. Higher age, BMI z-score, male sex and rural life, were associated with increased daily salt intake. Increased salt intake was associated with increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion Daily salt intake in Iranian adolescents was about 2 times the recommended amount of the World Health Organization, was higher in rural areas and was associated with blood pressure. Reducing salt intake should be considered as an important intervention, especially in rural areas.

scholarly journals Sleep Quality and Its Associated Factors among Low-Income Adults in a Rural Area of China: A Population-Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwen Wu ◽  
Wenru Wang ◽  
Zhuangzhuang Dong ◽  
Yaofei Xie ◽  
Yaohua Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Mean

Background: There is limited population-based research focusing on sleep quality among low-income Chinese adults in rural areas. This study aimed to assess sleep quality among low-income adults in a rural area in China and identify the association between sleep quality and sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors. Methods: The study was conducted from September to November in 2017 using a cross-sectional survey questionnaire. A total of 6905 participants were recruited via multistage, stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Chinese versions of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Food Frequency Questionnaire, while we also determined the sociodemographic profiles of the participants. Results: The mean age of the sample was 58.71 ± 14.50 years, with 59.7% being male, while the mean duration of daily sleep was 5.95 ± 1.31 h, with 56.7% reportedly experiencing poor sleep quality. Multiple regression analysis revealed that older age, unemployment, lower income, disability and chronic disease comorbidities were significant factors associated with an increased risk of poor sleep quality for both genders. Moreover, married and higher education level were associated with decreased risk of poor sleep quality for females, while a meat-heavy diet and illness during the past two weeks increased the risk of poor sleep quality for males. Conclusions: Sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors had an impact on the frequently poor sleep quality of low-income Chinese adults in rural areas. Thus, comprehensive measures must be developed to address the modifiable predictive factors that can possibly enhance sleep quality.

scholarly journals FACTORS LINKED TO THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG THE ELDERLY IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-219
Author(s):  
Alisson Padilha de Lima ◽  
Ezequiel Vitório Lini ◽  
Marilene Rodrigues Portella ◽  
Marlene Doring ◽  
Fabrício Bruno Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Introduction The increase in chronic diseases and physical inactivity are major public health problems among elderly populations worldwide. Objective This article aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the practice of physical activity (PA) among elderly people living in urban environment. Methods A cross-population-based study was conducted in 2014, with 196 elderly people aged ≥ 60 years of age living in urban environment in the city of Passo Fundo, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Gross and multivariable analyses were conducted using Poisson regression, estimating the ratios of gross and adjusted prevalence and calculating their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results The mean age was 71.3 (± 8.4). The gross prevalence for the practice of PA was 56.1%. After adjusted analysis, only the variable independent in activities of daily living (ADLs) remained significant (95% CI 1.05 to 4.83) (p = 0.037). Conclusions This research showed an association between the practice of PA and independence in ADLs. Level of Evidence II, Economic and decision analysis - Development of economic model or decision.

Self-Report vs. Objectively Assessed Physical Activity: Which Is Right for Public Health?

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Loney ◽  
Martyn Standage ◽  
Dylan Thompson ◽  
Simon J. Sebire ◽  
Sean Cumming
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Background:To examine the agreement between self-reported and objectively assessed physical activity (PA) according to current public health recommendations.Methods:One-hundred and fourteen British University students wore a combined accelerometer and heart rate monitor (Actiheart; AHR) to estimate 24-hour energy expenditure over 7 consecutive days. Data were extracted based on population-based MET-levels recommended to improve and maintain health. On day 8, participants were randomly assigned to complete either the short-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) or the Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ). Estimates of duration (IPAQ; N = 46) and frequency (LTEQ; N = 41) of PA were compared with those recorded by the AHR.Results:Bland-Altman analysis showed the mean bias between the IPAQ and AHR to be small for moderate-intensity and total PA, however the 95% limits of agreement (LOA) were wide. The mean number of moderate bouts of PA estimated by the LTEQ was similar to those derived by the AHR but the 95% LOA between the 2 measures were large.Conclusions:Although self-report questionnaires may provide an approximation of PA at a population level, they may not determine whether an individual is participating in the type, intensity, and amount of PA advocated in current public health recommendations.

One-Year Prevalence of Migraine in Sweden: A Population-Based Study in Adults

Cephalalgia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 664-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Dahlöf ◽  
M Linde
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Time Window ◽  
International Headache Society ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Opinion Poll ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Ihs Criteria ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

A randomly selected sample of 1668 individuals (782 women and 886 men) aged 18–74 years was interviewed by telephone using a standardized questionnaire including the International Headache Society (IHS) criteria for migraine. The survey was performed by SIFO, the national public opinion poll agency. The results obtained demonstrate that 21% of the Swedish population had suffered from severe headaches during the past year. A majority of these headache sufferers (61%) fulfilled the IHS-criteria for migraine. The 1-year prevalence of migraine in Sweden was found to be 13.2 ± 1.9% (16.7% among women and 9.5% among men). The prevalence of migraine in this Swedish population did not differ between the northern, middle and southern part of Sweden, or between urban and rural areas or different income groups. Only about half (49%) of the migraineurs had been diagnosed by a physician. Among the individuals who fulfilled the IHS criteria for migraine the mean attack-frequency was 1.3 per month and the mean attack-duration was 19 h. If the duration of the attack was disregarded as a strict criterion for migraine (attacks < 4 h and > 72 h were included), the prevalence increased to 17.0 ± 1.9% without affecting the sex distribution. With this amendment, 92% of those who considered their headaches to be migraine or migraine-like in fact fulfilled the alternative criteria for migraine. However, only 76% of those who believed that they had migraine or migraine-like headaches fulfilled the strict IHS criteria for migraine. An extension of the time window from 4 to 72 h may be reasonable both from a pragmatic and from a rational clinical point of view.

Functioning in community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in rural Greece

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaios Peritogiannis ◽  
Panagiota Nikolaou
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Mental Health Service ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
Rural Residency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range

Background: There is a dearth of studies on functioning in patients with psychotic disorders in rural areas. Aim: The objective of this study was to assess functioning in a population-based sample of patients with psychotic disorders who live in rural, remote and deprived areas in Greece, and to explore the differences in functioning across ages. Methods: The sample consisted of 61 patients with psychotic disorders that were engaged to treatment with a community mental health service. The mean age of patients was 54.2 years, and the mean illness duration was 26.5 years. Results: A total of 23 patients (37.7%) had score in the Global Assessment of Functioning scale >60, and were rated as adequately functioning, and 18 patients (29.5%) had score in Clinical Global Impression scale-Schizophrenia ⩽3 and could be rated as mildly or minimally ill. Functioning was found to be inversely related to the patients’ symptomatology. No correlation with age was found. Conclusion: This study suggests that a large proportion of patients with psychotic disorders in rural Greece may achieve a satisfactory level of functioning in the long-term, across the whole age range despite the not completely remitted symptomatology. More research is needed to clarify the factors associated with rural residency that may account for patients’ functioning.

Survival and factors associated with cardiovascular mortality in rural area of Russia. Results of a 7-year prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Myrzamatova ◽  
A Kontsevaya ◽  
A Kashirin ◽  
M Sirotko ◽  
M Khudyakov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
High Salt Intake

Abstract Introduction In Russia, mortality rates from CVD are one of the highest in the world. In recent decades, it has been demonstrated that the contribution of a modifying risk factors to cardiovascular mortality in different populations can vary significantly. Aim To evaluate the 7-year survival and association of risk factors with cardiovascular mortality among rural residents of Russia. Materials and methods This study was carried out as part of the international project InterEpid, which included a one-stage epidemiological study of the prevalence of major chronic noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors (n=1050), and a prospective stage among residents of rural areas of Russia. The analysis includes the results of a survey of representative samples of the rural population of the Samara Region of Russian Federation (n=919) aged 20–64, response rate 87,5%.The following endpoints are included in the analysis: 1. Cases of death from all causes; 2. Deaths from CVD. Results In Samara region 7-year survival was 92.7%. Cardiovascular diseases were most frequent cause of deaths (42%). Cardiovascular mortality was significantly associated with hypertension RR 2.11 (1.32; 2.94), p=0.004, low physical activity RR 1.82 (1.02; 2.41), p=0.009, high salt intake RR 1.28 (0.84; 2.21), p=0.03 and high processed meat intake RR 1.37 (0.91; 1.93), p=0.03. Smoking had a significant effect on cardiovascular mortality only among men RR 2.11 (1.14; 2.84), p=0.005. Conclusion 7-year follow up demonstrated significant unfavorable effect of smoking on men's cardiovascular mortality; hypertension, low physical activity, high salt and processed meat intake on the risk of cardiovascular mortality in both sexes in rural areas of Russia. All this underlines the need to develop differentiated preventive and treatment and preventive programs adjusted to country specific of risk factors prevalence and its impact on the prognosis. 7-year survival (Samara region) Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Physical activity in Sami and non-Sami populations in rural Northern Norway, the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Benjaminsen Borch ◽  
Bent Martin Eliassen ◽  
Marita Melhus ◽  
Elin Damsgård ◽  
Ann Ragnhild Broderstad
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Northern Norway ◽  
Ethnic Populations ◽  
Clinical Survey

Abstract Background The Sami people is an indigenous minority population living in the northern parts of Norway and mainly in rural areas. We lack data of contemporary levels of physical activity (PA) in rural regions of Northern Norway and in the Sami population in particular. We aimed to describe the PA levels and investigate whether PA levels differs between Sami and non-Sami and between coastal and inland areas. Methods We used data from the second survey of the Population-based Study on Health and Living Conditions in Regions with Sami and Norwegian Populations – the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey (2012–2014) that includes the adult population in 10 municipalities in the counties Troms, Finnmark and Nordland. Participants self-reported on PA, ethnicity and modifiable lifestyle factors. Twelve thousand four hundred fifty-five individuals were invited with a response rate of 48.2% (n = 6004 participants). We tested differences using chi-square tests, two sample t-tests and linear regression models. Results Among 5628 participants, 41.1 and 40.9% of men and women, respectively, were defined as Sami. We found no ethnic differences in PA in men overall. However, Sami men living in Tana, and Nesseby reported higher PA compared to non-Sami men in the same area. For Sami women there was overall lower PA levels compared to non-Sami women, especially pronounced in Kautokeino/ Karasjok. Conclusion This study showed small differences in PA levels between Sami and non-Sami men. Sami women had lower PA levels compared to their non-Sami counterparts. It is important to identify whether there are differences in various ethnic populations, together with other predictors for PA in future planning of public health interventions.

scholarly journals Predictors of Physical Activity in Older Adults in Northwest of Iran

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Batool Ahmadi ◽  
Nayyereh Amini Sanii ◽  
Hamid Allahverdipour ◽  
Fahim Bani ◽  
Fatemeh Bakhtari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
P Value ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Activity Scale ◽  
West Azerbaijan ◽  
Physical Activity Scale

Introduction: There are strong evidences to support the relation between Physical Activity (PA) and improved health in older adults. So this study aimed to determine the predictors of PA among a group of older adults in northwest of Iran. Methods: In 2016, a randomly sample size of 340 older people in urban regions of Maku, West Azerbaijan, Iran, was recruited to complete Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) and individual factors questionnaires. Results: The mean score of PA was 94.02 ± 3.41. Logistic regression analysis showed that age was the strongest predictor of PA; among younger elderly with higher level education, who had less comorbidity were significantly more active than their counterparts. (β = -2.72, SE = 0.47, P- value = 0.001) Conclusion: In this study the level of PA among the older adults was low and interventions to promote PA in this population is recommended.

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