Association of Cigarette Smoking and Serum Concentrations of Vitamins A and E in Men: A Case-Control Study

Background: Cigarette smoking is associated with changes in blood concentrations of some antioxidant vitamins. This study aimed to determine the association of cigarette smoking with serum concentrations of vitamins A and E in men. Methods: This was a case-control study, in which the participants were 80 male smokers and 84 male nonsmokers (age range: 20-60 years). Data on dietary intake, health status, smoking habits, anthropometric characteristics, and vitamin levels were compared between cases and controls. Results: Smokers had significantly lower concentrations of serum vitamin E (p = 0.001) and vitamin A (p = 0.013) compared with nonsmokers. However, serum vitamin E to cholesterol ratio was not significantly different between smokers and nonsmokers. Moreover, the highest circulating concentrations of vitamin E was observed in smokers who smoked ≤9 cigarettes per day (p < 0.03), while and the lowest vitamin E was seen in men smoking ≥20 cigarettes per day. Conclusion: The results of this study identified that cigarette smoking is associated with lower levels of serum vitamin E and vitamin A, although it was not associated with vitamin E to cholesterol ratio.

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Serum vitamin-mineral profiles – association with breast cancer risk including dietary patterns and supplements use: a case-control study

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s002966512000227x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Beata Krusinska ◽

Lidia Wadolowska ◽

Malgorzata Anna Slowinska ◽

Maciej Biernacki ◽

Marek Drozdowski

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Case Control ◽

Serum Folate ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

25 Oh Vitamin D ◽

Control Study

AbstractBreast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Studies regarding diet and blood levels of vitamins and minerals in the breast cancer aetiology are limited and the results are inconclusive. We investigated the association between serum vitamin-mineral profiles (V-MPs) and breast cancer (BC) risk with including dietary patterns (DPs) and use of supplements. This case-control study involved 420 women aged 40–79 years from north-eastern Poland, including 190 newly-diagnosed breast cancer cases. The serum concentrations of vitamins (folate, cobalamin, 25(OH) vitamin D) and minerals (iron, calcium, magnesium) were marked in 129 post-menopausal women (82 controls, 47 cases) using an immune-analyser Cobas e411 and a Cobas Integra 400plus auto-analyser (Roche Diagnostics®), respectively. A posteriori V-MPs were derived with a Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Three PCA-driven DPs: ‘Non-Healthy’, ‘Prudent’, and ‘Margarine and Sweetened Dairy’ were described previously. A logistic regression analysis was performed. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Two serum V-MPs were identified. The ‘Folate-Cobalamin-Vitamin D’ profile was loaded heavily by the folate (factor loading 0.82), cobalamin (0.81) and vitamin D (0.49). The ‘Iron-Calcium’ profile was loaded heavily by the iron (0.81) and calcium (0.77). The ‘Magnesium-vitamin D’ profile was loaded heavily by the magnesium (0.92) and vitamin D (0.39). The risk of BC was lower by 88% (OR: 0.12; 95%Cl: 0.02–0.88; p < 0.05) in the upper tertile of the serum ‘Iron-Calcium’ profile compared to the bottom tertile. The risk of BC was lower by 67% (OR: 0.33; 95%Cl: 0.11–0.97; p < 0.05) at the level of serum 25(OH) vitamin D ≥ 24.6 ng/mL and lower by 68% (OR: 0.32; 95%Cl: 0.11–0.91; p < 0.05) at the level of serum calcium ≥ 9.6 mg/dL. There was the inverse association of the serum ‘Magnesium-Vitamin D’ profile with the risk of BC, which disappeared after adjustment for DPs. No significant association between BC risk and the serum ‘Folate-Cobalamin-Vitamin D’ profile and also folate, cobalamin, iron or magnesium considered separately was revealed. These findings highlight that the higher-adequate serum concentrations of both iron and calcium as well as close-to-adequate concentrations of calcium and vitamin D considered separately may protect against breast cancer among postmenopausal women, independently of dietary patterns and use of supplements. Therefore, women should be screened for blood concentrations of multiple vitamins and minerals in the breast cancer prevention.

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Oral and pharyngeal cancer, diet, smoking, alcohol, and serum vitamin a and β‐carotene levels: A case‐control study in men

Nutrition and Cancer ◽

10.1080/01635589309514271 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 61-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Gabriel A. Kune ◽

Susan Kune ◽

Barry Field ◽

Lyndsey F. Watson ◽

Heather Cleland ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Case Control ◽

Pharyngeal Cancer ◽

Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer ◽

Cancer Diet ◽

Β Carotene ◽

Control Study

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The Association of Vitamin A and Vitamin D with Hypertension in Children: A Case-Control Study

International Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1155/2018/9295147 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiaohua Liang ◽

Min Chen ◽

Ping Qu ◽

Guang Hao ◽

Yisong Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Blood Pressure Level ◽

Case Control ◽

Pressure Level ◽

Control Group ◽

Hypertension In Children ◽

Control Study

Background. The prevalence of hypertension in children increases rapidly. This paper is to investigate the association of vitamin A and serum 25(OH)D level with hypertension and to explore the risk factors of hypertension in children. Methods. 164 children (age: 6-12 years, females: 49.39%) were included in this case-control study. The serum vitamin A and serum 25(OH)D level, the transcription level of RARs and RXRs, 25(OH)D receptor, and the retinol acyltransferase (LRAT), an indicator of vitamin A storage function, were measured. Results. The serum vitamin A level in hypertensive subjects was not significantly different compared to control, but the serum 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in hypertensive subjects compared to control (38.22±12.00umol/L vs. 43.28±12.33 umol/L, P=0.02). The transcription levels of RARα, RARβ, and RARγ were not significantly different between the two groups; but the LRAT was lower in the hypertensive group than that in the control (P<0.001). Compared with control group, the level of 25(OH)D receptor was lower in hypertension children (P=0.003). Logistic regression model showed that LRAT, HDL, and breastfed duration were negatively associated with blood pressure, and waist circumference was positively associated with blood pressure. Conclusions. The LRAT, serum 25(OH)D, and 25(OH)D receptor were significantly associated with blood pressure level, and both breastfed and HDL-C were independent protective factors of blood pressure level in children.

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COMPARISON OF SERUM LEVELS OF VITAMIN A, VITAMIN D AND ZINC IN ACUTE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN

10.36106/ijsr/6400473 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Anil Sharma ◽

Shalini Dash

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Case Control ◽

Indian Children ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Control Study

Aim: Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) are global problem, and there are large differences in mortality rates between developed and developing countries. Deficiency of micronutrients may increase the risk of ALRI. A case-control study was conducted to assess the associations between vitamin A, vitamin D, zinc and ALRI in eastern part of Indian children. Methods: Children aged 1 – 60 months hospitalizes with ALRI (cases, N = 51) were matched to controls on age, sex and socio-economic status (N = 31). The mean Serum levels of Vitamin A, Vitamin D (25-hydroxy vitamin D) and Zinc in cases and controls was compared using student's paired t-test and compared the severity of pneumonia with these levels. Results: Mean (SD) level of serum vitamin A, vitamin D and zinc in the cases were 17.08 (±10.53) ìg/dl; 13.91 (±2.99) ng/ml and 61.51 (±13.84) ìg/dl, respectively. The serum vitamin A, vitamin D and zinc levels were significantly lower in cases of ALRI as compared to controls (p<0.001). In our study serum vitamin D level was significantly associated with severity of ALRIs (p=0.042), and mean level of serum vitamin A was significantly low in case of severe pneumonia as compared to pneumonia (p=0.011). Conclusion: Vitamin A, vitamin D and zinc status was associated with childhood ALRI in matched case-control study in eastern part of India. Randomized trials may establish whether interventions to improve theses micronutrients status can reduce the burden of ALRI in children.

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