scholarly journals Russian Freshmen Future Profession Choice in the Conditions of Digitalization: New Challenges of Labour Markets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Grunt ◽  
Sabina Lissitsa ◽  
Ekaterina Lebedkina
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Prestige

The prestige and values of higher education are traditionally high in Russia and overseas countries. For several generations, there has been a youth orientation towards higher education. Higher education and diplomas are perceived by a person primarily as a means of social mobility. Profession sets a certain “social background” for people’s life. At the same time, however, over the past few decades the assessment of the prestige associated with certain professions and specialties has dramatically changed and the labor market has changed, too. The the desire for higher education among young people continues to grow in Russia. Today’s students, future specialists, face new challenges of the labor market: firstly, availability of desired and demanded professions acquisition on the labor market; secondly, disappearance of old and the emergence of new professions; thirdly, digitalization of the labor market; fourthly, the formation of specialist competencies that are in demand both on the local and global labor markets. The major research objectives were to study the issues of students’ profession choice and their opinion on the demanded / non-demanded professions on modern labor market. The research methodology combines both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The primary data was collected using questionnaires and indepth-interviews. 250 freshmen of the Ural Federal University and 250 freshmen of Saint-Petersburg State University were questioned on the basis of quota sampling. In depth-interviews (15) were organized for the educators engaged in the system of higher education. The study has revealed the issue of inequality in access to higher education as well as of inequality in access to getting prestigious and demanded professions on labor market.The majority of the respondents look for occupation suited to abilities and to their own interests. For young people the main thing is that the profession should not only make profit, but also a career progress and give new professional knowledge. The research has fixed that the majority of the students believe that they have made the right choice of specialty and they are well aware of how their future professional activity will be. About 30.0% of young people do not often choose those professions that they would like to be trained at the university, but those that are possible due to their “accessibility”. The students’ professional choice does not correspond to their ideas about their future profession and their psychological characteristics. Keywords: Higher education, students, freshmen, Russia, labor market, future profession choice, digitalization

The education system in the era of the fourth industrial revolution: developing skills and thinking for learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
S. Bespalyy ◽  
◽  
Ye. Ifutina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Education System ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
The Impact

Computer systems and technologies are changing our society significantly. These changes are interconnected with both social and production spheres. Innovative digital technologies have a huge impact on the labor market and professional activity, contributing to their transfer to the electronic environment. Using digital technologies, modern people set new goals and solve problems with an increasing speed of problem solving, capitalizing on the possibilities of collaborative distributed actions within networks. In this regard, new competencies of specialists are in demand. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the impact of the fourth industrial revolution on the education system and the development of skills and thinking for learning. Methods: When conducting scientific research, economic and statistical methods were used. These methods were also used in comparative analysis, as well as in assessing data and indicators of the higher education system, taking into account the impact of the fourth industrial revolution. The analytical method was used to consider the characteristics and factors influencing the development of skills and thinking for learning in modern conditions. The abstract-logical method is used to identify problems affecting the development of the labor market under the influence of digital technologies. Results and their value: The result of the study is that conclusions are drawn about the upcoming changes. Automation and digitalization are likely to lead to significant unemployment in most countries, so adaptation innovation policies are needed to help offset unemployment due to digitalization. Governments need to invest heavily in higher education as an economic development tool for their citizens. Lifelong learning should be identified as a critical element of success in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. Curricula should develop digital skills and address workforce disruptions due to automation.

Youth segment of a labor market of modern Russia

10.12737/5560 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Вера Гневашева ◽  
Vera Gnevasheva
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Professional Formation

The book is devoted to questions of professional formation of youth in the conditions of modern Russia taking into account their change during reforming of society and social and economic processes in the state. Basis of work are the conducted author´s monitoring researches on problems of professional formation and labor socialization of youth, formation of professional competences of young specialists through higher education system during 2001-2014. Research is directed on system studying of motivation of youth in the course of formation by it(her) of professional competences, features of vocational guidance of young people of modern social and economic conditions, youth expectations from the received professional competences for the purpose of identification of the developed tendencies of social and economic behavior of youth in the course of professional formation, identification of existing disproportions, their social and economic assessment. The monograph is devoted to features of interaction of a labor market and the market of educational services in the conditions of current trends of globalization and intercountry integration.

scholarly journals PROFESSIONAL CHOICE OF YOUTH IN MODERN KAZAKHSTAN

2020 ◽  
pp. 283-290
Author(s):  
M. K. Shnarbekova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
After School ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
Market Needs

This article presented the most significant changes that took place in professional self-determination of young people in connection with economic and social changes of Kazakhstan. The aspirations of young people and their actual steps in choosing the path after school, especially the motivation to form an idea of the future professional activity are considered. Modern practices of educational guidance and professional choice of Kazakhstani youth are analyzed. Sociological research of the features of professional choices of young people in all its versatility opens up new opportunities and prospects in the study: the balance between supply and demand in the labor market. In article we aimed to answer the following research questions: Is the professional choice of young people «alarmingly» unrelated to the labor market needs? What objective and subjective motives guided the youth in a professional choice?  According to the methodology of the study, the sample is 1000 respondents. The survey covers all groups of young people in Kazakhstan – the sample represents young people by gender, age, nationality, marital status, presence of children, level of education, type of employment, degree of religiosity, level of material situation of households and type of settlement. The study results are processed and analyzed using custom software SPSS for Windows (version 21).

scholarly journals Engineering education and new challenges: interconnection of tasks in the conditions of society digitalization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г.Р. Стрекалова ◽  
О.В. Газизова
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
English Language ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Professional Affiliation ◽  
Important Argument ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
The Prestige

Рассмотрены проблемы инженерного образования в российской практике новых вызовов, связанных с цифровизацией общества. На примере сравнительного анализа данных по количеству приема на бюджетные и внебюджетные места, среднему баллу ЕГЭ, стоимости обучения на платной основе по мониторингу 2020 года показано, что интерес абитуриентов, желающих получить высшее образование определяется не только бюджетными местами, но и реалиями современного развития общества, поэтому желание получить непрофильное образование в техническом вузе не ослабевает. По направлениям обучения инженерной направленности интерес определяется исключительно наличием бюджетных мест. Новые вызовы диктуют условия эффективного решения производственных проблем современным инженером, которому сегодня необходимы знания широкого профиля, включая менеджмент, экономику, интеллектуального права, английского языка. Это вызывает необходимость разработки синтетических программ, включающих требования работодателя с ориентацией на современное производство, имеющее сложную системную организационную и управленческую структуру. Новые вызовы сегодня способствуют росту престижа среднего профессионального образования, не надо сдавать ЕГ, и это, пожалуй, самый главный аргумент. Если интерес к колледжам будет подогреваться сегодняшние 80% выпускников школ выбравшие для продолжения обучение СПО, могут завтра оказаться 100%. В этой ситуации высшее образование может остаться без набора. Следует поднять престиж инженерного образования посредством его модернизации и синтеза ключевых образовательных знаний, умений и навыков инженера на основе новых вызовов, с которыми встречается общество, в целях сохранения его будущего. Взаимообусловленность задач инженерного образования с цифровизацией общества заключается не в объеме полученных знаний, умений и навыков, а в подготовке инженера, обладающего общей системной ориентацией в жизненном пространстве, осознанном отношении к своей профессиональной принадлежности, стремлении к постоянному совершенствованию и развитию своего интеллектуального потенциала, инженерного мышления, умения генерировать новые идеи и знания. The problems of engineering education in the Russian practice of new challenges associated with the digitalization of society are considered. Using the example of a comparative analysis of data on the number of admission, to budgetary and non-budgetary places, the average USE score, the cost of tuition on a paid basis according to the monitoring of 2020, it is shown that the interest of applicants wishing to get higher education is determined not only by budgetary places, but also by the realities of modern society development. Therefore, the desire to get a non-core education at a technical university is not weakening. In the areas of engineering education, interest is determined solely by the availability of budgetary places. New challenges dictate the conditions for the effective solution of production problems by a modern engineer, who today needs knowledge of a wide profile, including management, economics, intellectual law, and the English language. This necessitates the development of synthetic programs that include employer requirements with a focus on modern production, which has a complex systemic organizational and management structure. New challenges today contribute to the growth of the prestige of secondary vocational education, there is no need to pass the EG, and this is perhaps the most important argument. If interest in colleges is fueled by today's 80% of high school graduates who choose to continue their education in vocational education, there may be 100% tomorrow. In this situation, higher education may be left without enrollment. It is necessary to raise the prestige of engineering education through its modernization and synthesis of key educational knowledge, skills and abilities of an engineer on the basis of new challenges faced by society in order to preserve its future. The interdependence of the tasks of engineering education with the digitalization of society lies not in the amount of knowledge, skills and abilities acquired, but in the training of an engineer who has a general systemic orientation in the living space, a conscious attitude to his professional affiliation, the desire to constantly improve and develop his intellectual potential, engineering thinking, the ability to generate new ideas and knowledge.

Social Mobility in Chilean Youth and Their Parents: A Generational Analysis from the Perspective of Social Reproduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2093910
Author(s):  
Luis Miguel Rodrigo ◽  
Mauricio Oyarzo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Educación Superior ◽  
Access To Higher Education ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Life Cycle Effects

Recent studies on Chile agree that the country’s youth enjoy greater social mobility than previous generations. This has been attributed either to their greater access to higher education or to life-cycle effects on occupation. A test of these two hypotheses by estimating the socioeconomic positions of four generations of Chileans using a model of analysis based on the social reproduction paradigm shows that younger generations of Chileans have a lower level of social inheritance than the rest of the population only during their initial years in the labor market. Therefore, the greater social mobility observed in them is temporary and is explained by life-cycle effects on occupation. Estudios recientes sobre Chile coinciden en que la actual juventud chilena goza de una mayor movilidad social que las generaciones anteriores. Esto se ha atribuido a su mayor acceso a la educación superior o a los efectos del ciclo de vida en la ocupación. Aquí se examinan estas dos hipótesis a partir de una aproximación en torno a las posiciones socioeconómicas de cuatro generaciones chilenas. Se utiliza un modelo analítico asentado en el paradigma de la reproducción social, el cual nos muestra que las generaciones más jóvenes tienen un grado de herencia social más bajo que el resto de la población tan sólo durante sus primeros años como participantes en el mercado laboral. Por lo tanto, su mayor movilidad social es temporal y se explica a partir de los efectos del ciclo de vida en la ocupación.

YOUTH PROFESSIONAL CHOICE IN THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN SOCIETY

2019 ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Pasovets
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Personal Significance ◽  
Young Professional ◽  
Training Stage ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
Key Indicators

The relevance of the young professional choice study is related to the young people social integration which has the key value for the social and professional structure reproduction and economic growth of society. Problems of professional choice create risks for the successful integration of young people into education, labor and employment. The purpose of the paper is to determine the peculiarities of primary and secondary professional choice of young people, determined by the motives of choosing a future profession that are most common among young people, on the basis of the empirical data analysis. The research methodology is based on the concept of professional self- determination and the author's approach to the distinction between secondary and repeated professional choice.The research method reflects key indicators: the motivation of primary and secondary professional choice, preferences of higher education in the framework of the chosen profession, etc. The empirical basis of the research is the results of the author’s sociological survey of young people. On the example of student youth, author reveals a hierarchy of professional choice motives, characterizes the ratio of internal and external motives of such a choice. The key factors of young preference of higher education in the framework of the chosen profession are revealed. The secondary and repeated professional choice implementation at the vocational training stage of young people is analyzed. The repeated professional choice connection with the personal significance reassessment of the profession and motives associated with the change in the education profile, interaction in the new sphere of professional activity is substantiated. The research results can be in demand for the development of professional self-determination sociological concept and some branches of sociology; in the practice of regulating the interaction of the education system and the labor market.

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