scholarly journals PRODUÇÃO DE GRÃOS E FORRAGEM EM FUNÇÃO DA DISPONIBILIDADE LUMINOSA EM SISTEMA DE INTEGRAÇÃO LAVOURA-PECUÁRIA-FLORESTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDUARDO DE PAULA SIMÃO ◽  
MIGUEL MARQUES GONTIJO NETO ◽  
SILVIO NOLASCO OLIVEIRA NETO ◽  
JOÃO CARLOS CARDOSO GALVÃO ◽  
EMERSON BORGHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Photosynthetically Active Radiation ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Different Levels

RESUMO - Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a produtividade da forragem e grãos de milho e do capim braquiária em consórcio, submetidos a diferentes níveis de sombreamentos proporcionados pelos renques de eucaliptos, em sistema de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta, na região de Sete Lagoas-MG. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, em Sete Lagoas-MG, em área de cultivo de eucalipto (Eucalyptus urophylla, clone AEC 1528) implantado em 29 de outubro de 2013, em espaçamento 15x2 m entre plantas. Em 24 de novembro de 2015, foi realizada a semeadura simultânea em sistema plantio direto do milho (AG 8088 VT PRO) consorciado com capim braquiária (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) em espaçamentos de 0,70 m entre linhas, a uma distância de 1 metro entre a primeira linha de semeadura do milho/braquiária e os renques de eucalipto. As produtividades de grãos e forragem de milho e de milho mais capim entre os renques de eucalipto foram semelhantes às produtividades em pleno sol a partir de 3,8 m de distância entre as linhas de milho e os renques de eucalipto. A produtividade de grãos e de forragens foi diretamente influenciada pela redução da distância entre as linhas de semeadura e os renques de eucalipto com três anos de implantação em espaçamento de 15x2. O componente arbóreo no sistema de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária- Floresta altera o ambiente no sub-bosque, reduzindo a incidência de radiação fotossinteticamente ativa entre os renques, diminuindo diretamente as produtividades de forragem e grãos de milho em cultivo consorciado com U. brizantha.Palavras-chave: Zea mays, U. brizantha, eucalipto, cultivo consorciado.GRAIN AND FORAGE PRODUCTION IN THE FUNCTION OF LUMINOUS AVAILABILITY IN INTEGRATED CROP-LIVESTOCK-FORESTRY SYSTEMSABSTRACT - The objective of this work was to evaluate the productivity of grass and maize forage, and maize grains submitted to different levels of shade provided by the eucalypt trees, in Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest system, in the region of Sete Lagoas, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, in Sete Lagoas, MG, in an area of eucalypt (Eucalyptus urophylla, clone AEC 1528) implanted on October 29, 2013, spaced 15x2 m between plants. On November 24, 2015, no-tillage system (AG 8088 VT PRO) was intercropped with Brachiaria grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) at 0.70 m between rows, at  distance of 1 meter between the first sowing line of maize/Brachiaria and eucalypt rows. The yields of maize forage, maize grains and Brachiaria among the eucalypt rows were similar to the productivities in full sun from 3.8 m distance between maize and eucalypt lines. Grain yield and maize fodder yields were directly influenced by the reduction of the distance between the sowing lines and the eucalypt rows with three years of implantation at 15x2 spacing. The arboreal component in Integrated Crop-Livestock-Forest system alters the environment in the sub-forest, reducing the incidence of photosynthetically active radiation among the ranks, directly reducing forage and maize grains yields in intercropping system with U. brizantha.Keywords: Zea mays, U. brizantha, eucalypt, intercropping system.

scholarly journals A New Strategy for Utilizing Rice Forage Production Using a No-Tillage System to Enhance the Self-Sufficient Feed Ratio of Small Scale Dairy Farming in Japan

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 4975-4989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Windi Zahra ◽  
Takeshi Yasue ◽  
Naomi Asagi ◽  
Yuji Miyaguchi ◽  
Bagus Purwanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farming ◽  
The Self ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Small Scale Dairy

scholarly journals PRODUTIVIDADE DE FITOMASSA DE REBROTAS DE SORGO EM CONSÓRCIO COM CAPIM-PAIAGUÁS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-147
Author(s):  
ALLAN HISASHI NAKAO ◽  
MARCELO ANDREOTTI ◽  
VIVIANE CRISTINA MODESTO ◽  
ISABÔ MELINA PASCOALOTO ◽  
DEYVISON DE ASEVEDO SOARES
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Teaching Research ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Sorghum Grain

RESUMO: O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho produtivo de matéria seca e verificar o acúmulo denutrientes das rebrotas do sorgo granífero ou dupla aptidão consorciados ou não com capim-paiaguás, com ou sema inoculação por Azospirillum brasilense, para continuidade do sistema plantio direto no Cerrado, após colheita paraensilagem. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Universidade Estadual Paulista(Unesp) - Campus de Ilha Solteira, localizada no município de Selvíria-MS. O delineamento experimental foi emesquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 2, com quatro repetições, sendo os tratamentos constituídos por dois anos de cultivo (2015 e2016); em cultivo exclusivo (solteiro) dos sorgos (granífero ou dupla aptidão) ou em consórcio com o capim-paiaguás,com ou sem a inoculação das sementes de sorgo com a bactéria diazotrófica Azospirillum brasilense. O aproveitamentoda rebrota do sorgo granífero ou de dupla aptidão, principalmente em consórcio com o capim-paiaguás, apresentou-seviável na produção de palhada remanescente no período de entressafra, pela maior produtividade de matéria seca, commaior acúmulo de nutrientes.Palavras-chave: Decomposição, integração lavoura-pecuária, Urochloa brizantha, plantio direto.PHYTOMASS PRODUCTIVITY OF SORGHUM INTERCROPPEDWITH PAIAGUÁS GRASSABSTRACT: This study objectified to evaluate the dry matter productive performance and to verify the nutrientaccumulation of sorghum regrowths with or without Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Paiaguás (paiaguás grass)intercropped, and with or without Azospirillum brasilense inoculation, for the continuity of the no-tillage system in theCerrado, after harvesting for ensiling. The experiment was carried out at the Teaching, Research and Extension Farmof the Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) - Ilha Solteira Campus, located in the municipality of Selvíria, MatoGrosso do Sul State. The experimental design used a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments weretwo years of cultivation (2015 and 2016) and two different seeding arrangements of sorghum (grain or dual aptitude),monocropped or intercropped with paiaguás grass, with or without inoculation of sorghum seeds with Azospirillumbrasilense. The use of regrowth of both sorghum types (grain sorghum or dual aptitude), mainly intercropped withpaiaguás grass, was viable for the production of remaining straw in the off-season period, due to the higher productivityof dry matter, with greater accumulation of nutrients.Keywords: Decomposition, crop-livestock integration, Urochloa brizantha, no-tillage.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF TIME OF GLYPHOSATE APPLICATION IN THE CONTROL OF BRACHIARIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 405-414
Author(s):  
Hugo Marcus Fialho e Moraes ◽  
Wendel Magno de Souza ◽  
Rodrigo Magalhães Faria ◽  
Lino Roberto Ferreira ◽  
Christiano da Conceição de Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Control Efficiency ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha

The no-tillage system is considered an important tool for sustainable production. In this system, the burndown of brachiaria is usually performed with the application of systemic herbicides, such as glyphosate. As a result of environmental conditions (temperature, relative humidity and winds), the timing of spraying can directly interfere in the control efficiency. Therefore, the objective was to study different times of application of glyphosate in the control efficiency of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu. The glyphosate was applied in the morning, afternoon and evening, at doses of 0; 360; 720; 1080; 1440 and 2160 g a.e. ha-1. To analyse the efficiency of U. brizantha burndown, the phytotoxicity was evaluated at 21 days after application. At 42 after application a mowing was done and 90 days after mowing, the dry matter accumulation and the Leaf Area Index of regrowth were determined. The best control results of Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu were obtained in the applications of glyphosate during the morning and afternoon. Evening applications of glyphosate should be avoided.

scholarly journals Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.) and corn (Zea mays L.) biomass production for silage as a function of mechanized tillage systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e67922038
Author(s):  
Henrique de Oliveira Golin ◽  
Rafael Padilha de Rezende ◽  
Victor Luan da Silva de Abreu ◽  
Patrick Bezerra Fernandes ◽  
Gustavo de Faria Theodoro
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Soil Preparation

Mechanical soil management has a huge impact on early plant development and can promote effects at all stages of the silage forage production cycle. Thus, this work was conducted to verify if a mechanized system of soil preparation influences the accumulation of pigeon pea and corn biomass. The experiment was conducted at the farm school of Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science. The experimental delimitation chosen was randomized blocks, the treatments were two systems of tillage (conventional and reduced), associated to two crops (Cajanus cajan L., cv. BRS Mandarim e Zea mays L. hybrid TG Status). The cv. BRS Mandarim in conventional tillage system impacted higher biomass values. In addition, the same soil preparation system promoted oscillations between the crops (P<0.05), where cv. BRS Mandarim showed biomass values 7% higher than cv. Status TG. In reduced handling system, the crops presented the same biomass productivity. Despite the increase of dry weight during the cycle of cv. BRS Mandarim biomass production, there was a reduction in the dry matter fraction, indicating that the specific weight per plant decreased at the end of the evaluation period. The tillage system that was fulfilled conventionally promoted higher estimates of pigeon pea biomass. Corn was not influenced by mechanized tillage system.

NITROGÊNIO E MOLIBDÊNIO PARA MILHO IRRIGADO EM REGIÃO DE CERRADO DE BAIXA ALTITUDE

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
SHEILA CAIONI ◽  
EDSON LAZARINI ◽  
TIAGO DE LISBOA PARENTE ◽  
RAUL SOBRINHO PIVETTA ◽  
LUIZ GUSTAVO MORETTI DE SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

RESUMO – A maior parte do nitrogênio (N) é absorvida pela cultura do milho na forma de nitrato (NO3 -), que é reduzido na planta pela ação da enzima nitrato redutase, a qual tem o molibdênio (Mo) como um dos principaisconstituintes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar doses de N em conjunto com Mo na cultura do milho irrigado, cultivado em sistema plantio direto. O experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Selvíria, MS. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados em parcelas subdivididas com quatro doses de N (0, 90, 135 e 180 kg ha-1) e cinco doses de Mo (0, 10, 20, 30 e 40 g ha-1), com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados atributos morfológicos e produtivos da cultura. A maior produtividade de milho foi obtida com 180 kg ha-1 de N e com 25,6 g ha-1 de Mo.Palavras-chave: adubação nitrogenada, micronutriente, plantio direto, Zea mays L.NITROGEN AND MOLYBDENUM FOR IRRIGATED MAIZE IN THE BRAZILIAN SAVANNAH WITH LOW ALTITUDEABSTRACT – Most of nitrogen (N) is absorbed by maize as nitrate (NO3-), that is reduced in the plant by the actionof the nitrate reductase enzyme, which has molybdenum (Mo) as a major component. The objective of this study wasto test N rates together with Mo for irrigated corn grown in no-tillage system. The experiment was conducted at theSelviria county, Mato Grosso do Sul State. The design was a randomized complete block with split plots, with fournitrogen rates (0, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1) and five doses of Mo (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 g ha-1), with four replications.Morphological and productive attributes of corn crop were evaluated. The highest yield was obtained with 180 kg ha-1N and 25.6 g ha-1 Mo.Keywords – nitrogen fertilization, micronutrient, no-tillage, Zea mays L.

scholarly journals The Effect of Tillage System and Rimsulfuron Application on Weed Flora, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Root Colonization and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios BILALIS ◽  
Vassilios TRIANTAFYLLIDIS ◽  
Anestis KARKANIS ◽  
Aspasia EFTHIMIADOU ◽  
Ioanna KAKABOUKI
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Tillage System

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of tillage system and rimsulfuron application on weed flora and growth of maize (Zea mays L. Mitic F1) at a site with no history of pesticide use for the last 5 years. A randomized complete block design was employed with three replicates per treatment (conventional tillage without rimsulfuron application (control), no-tillage with rimsulfuron application (NT+Rim) and conventional tillage with rimsulfuron application (CT+Rim)). The lowest leaf area index, dry weight and yield of maize were recorded in NT+Rim plots. In addition, the highest soil bulk density was determined in NT+Rim plots. Moreover, the rimsulfuron application resulted in significant reduction in the root growth and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization. The lowest root biomass, root length density, root surface and AM root colonization was found in CT+Rim plots. The lowest weed number and biomass was also observed at CT+Rim plots. Sustainability yield index (SYI) shown that the maize crop is more stable under conventional tillage compared with no-tillage. Our results indicated that root growth was reduced significant by rimsulfuron application but statistically significant lower maize yield was obtained in no-tillage system.

scholarly journals Straw production and agronomic performance of soybean intercropped with forage species in no-tillage system

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Augusto Oliveira de Andrade ◽  
Emerson Borghi ◽  
Leandro Bortolon ◽  
Elisandra Solange Oliveira Bortolon ◽  
Francelino Peteno de Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
System A ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
Winter Fallow

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the straw production and the agronomic performance of soybean intercropped with oversown forage species, in no-tillage system. A randomized complete block design was carried out with four replicates, in a 5×2+2 factorial arrangement, as follows: five forage species - Urochloa brizantha 'Marandu', Urochloa ruziziensis, Panicum maximum 'Mombaça', Panicum maximum 'Massai', and Pennisetum americanum -, intercropped with soybean over two crop years (2013/2014 and 2014/2015), plus two controls, with P. americanum sowed in succession to soybean or with soybean monocropping followed by winter fallow (traditional cultivation). Soybean yield components and forage straw yield were evaluated. None of the intercropping systems reduced soybean grain yield, compared with monocropped soybean. The oversown species can significantly improve soybean productivity, as is the case for soybean intercropped with P.maximum 'Mombaça', compared with soybean monocropping, followed or not by millet. Panicum maximum 'Mombaça' is the most effective forage species for dry matter accumulation in the fall/spring period.

Weed Interference on Maize (Zea mays) Under No Tillage System

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robinson Pitelli ◽  
Pedro Alves ◽  
Tiago Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Tillage System

Methods of Measuring the Impact of the XA17 Gene on Imazethapyr Injury in Corn (Zea mays)

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall S. Currie ◽  
David L. Regehr
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Photosynthetically Active Radiation ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Sensitive Index ◽  
The Impact

Imazethapyr dose response curves were developed under laboratory and field conditions with the imazethapyr-resistant and -susceptible corn hybrids Pioneer 3180IR, IR denoting a hybrid homozygous for the XA17 gene conferring resistance to imazethapyr, and normal Pioneer 3180, respectively, and their F1progeny to establish methods of measuring the presence of the XA17 gene and quantifying its impact. At two field locations, absorption of photosynthetically active radiation was a sensitive index of corn injury caused by imazethapyr. Imazethapyr, at 35 g/ha (one half the labeled rate), reduced absorption of photosynthetically active radiation in Pioneer 3180 by 8.3% at 1 wk after treatment. Plant height also was a sensitive index of injury. The minimum rate at which imazethapyr injury was detected in the Pioneer 3180IR/Pioneer 3180 F1hybrid differed with location. Pioneer 3180IR was not injured by 280 g/ha of imazethapyr. The Pioneer 3180IR/3180 F1hybrid was injured slightly by imazethapyr at 140 g/ha, but recovered within 5 wk after treatment, and grain yield was not reduced by 280 g/ha of imazethapyr. A seedling assay reliably detected differences between progeny of Pioneer 3180IR and Pioneer 3180IR/3180 F1.

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