scholarly journals Community pharmacies and pharmacists in Brazil: A missed opportunity

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 2467
Author(s):  
Angelita C. Melo ◽  
Guilherme M. Trindade ◽  
Alessandra R. Freitas ◽  
Karina A. Resende ◽  
Tarcísio J. Palhano
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Patient Care Team ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Health Products ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
University Degree ◽  
Missed Opportunity

The Brazilian National Health System (BR-NHS) is one of the largest public health systems in the world. In 2019 Brazil had 114,352 community pharmacies (76.8% private owned), that represent the first point of access to healthcare in Brazil due to their wide distribution. Unfortunately, from the government's point of view, the main expected activity of private and public community pharmacies is related to dispensing medicines and other health products. Public community pharmacies can be part of a healthcare center or be in a separate location, sometimes without the presence of a pharmacist. Pharmacists working in these separated locations do not have access to patients’ medical records, and they have difficulty in accessing other members of the patient care team. Pharmacists working in public pharmacies located in healthcare centers may have access to patients’ medical records, but pharmacy activities are frequently under other professional’s supervision (e.g., nurses). Private pharmacies are usually open 24/7 with the presence of a pharmacist for 8 hours on business days. Private community pharmacies have a very limited integration in the BR-NHS and pharmacists are the third largest healthcare workforce in Brazil with more than 221,000 registered in the Brazilian Federal Pharmacist Association [CFF - Conselho Federal de Farmácia]. A University degree in pharmacy is the only requirement to entry into the profession, without any proficiency exam for maintenance or career progression. The Brazilian pharmacist's annual income is ranked as the 2nd better-paid profession with an annual average income of € 5502.37 (in 2020). Description of clinical activities for pharmacies by the CFF increased in the recent years, however there is still a long way to effectively implement them into practice.

Private Education

1986 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Private Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Relationship

This book focuses on the relationship between private and public education in a comparative context. The contributors emphasize the relationship between private choices and public policy as they affect the division of labor between public and private non-profit schools, colleges, and universities. Their essays examine the kinds of choices offered by each sector, as well as the effects of present and proposed public policies on the intersectoral division of labor. Written from neither a pro-private nor a pro-public point of view, the contributors point to the ways in which they believe one sector or the other may be preferable for certain goals or groups.

How pornography saved fashion from boredom and improved its financial situation and vice versa: Communication technology overlaps between fashion and pornography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Linfante ◽  
Chiara Pompa
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Fashion Products ◽  
Communication Models ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Relationship

Fashion, eroticism and pornography, especially in recent years, have created different synergies that not only embrace the design of fashion products and collections, but have defined and define precise visual, photographic and cinematographic languages as well as communication strategies that have not only borrowed the language and aesthetics of pornography, but also communication models, tools and channels. Today, we have thus witnessed an increasing hybridization of languages and channels that have generated forms of communication (performative, editorial, cinematographic or digital). It is not easy to identify the limits between fashion and pornography and between private and public spheres. Through literature review and several case studies, the article aims to investigate the evolution of the relationship between fashion, pornography and mass communication from an aesthetic, performative and, last but not least, technological point of view.

scholarly journals Cerebral Vein Thrombosis in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Analysis of a Series of 27 Patients and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1641
Author(s):  
Alba Jerez-Lienas ◽  
Alexis Mathian ◽  
Jenifer Aboab ◽  
Isabelle Crassard ◽  
Miguel Hie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cerebral Vein ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Cerebral Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Vein Thrombosis

(1) Background: The Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by arterial and/or venous thrombosis, pregnancy morbidity and raised titers of antiphospholipid antibodies. Cerebral vein thrombosis (CVT) is a rare form of cerebrovascular accident and an uncommon APS manifestation; the information in the literature about this feature consists of case reports and small case series. Our purpose is to describe the particular characteristics of CVT when occurs as part of the APS and compare our series with the patients published in the literature. (2) Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study collecting data from medical records in three referral centers for APS and CVT, and a systematic review of the literature for CVT cases in APS patients. (3) Results: Twenty-seven APS patients with CVT were identified in our medical records, the majority of them diagnosed as primary APS and with the CVT being the first manifestation of the disease; additional risk factors for thrombosis were identified. The review of the literature yielded 86 cases, with similar characteristics as those of our retrospective series. (4) Conclusions: To our knowledge, our study is the largest CVT series in APS patients published to date, providing a unique point of view in this rare thrombotic manifestation.

scholarly journals Opportunities Seized: From Tolstóigh to Pelévin

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Mark Ó Fionnáin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Irish Language ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Missed Opportunity

From the start of the Gaelic Revival in the 1890s to the present day, various Russian authors have appeared in Irish in translation, from Tolstoy, Chekhov and Pushkin in the early days to Kharms and Pelevin in more recent times. Although it is unlikely that many of those who have translated into Irish were doing so from the original Russian, this was indeed the case in several instances. The aim of this paper is to thus take a look at several of these translations from Russian in more detail, namely some of those done by Liam Ó Rinn, Maighréad Nic Mhaicín, an tAthair Gearóid Ó Nualláin and, in more modern times, by the author of this paper, and to examine the translators’ approach to the texts, in order to see how they made use of them to present their Irish-language reader with diverse cultural, linguistic or literary information. From the point of view of culture, this paper will also look at how they set about the task of rewriting Russian names and nouns in their Irish texts, looking at whether they relied on English forms, or attempted to rewrite them in Irish according to its strict orthographic rules. This is in contrast to the English – and other – translations of the same eras, which tended to ignore such opportunities to expand their readers’ knowledge of Russia and the Russians and about which, in relation to one recent translation, one reviewer said it was “a missed opportunity”.

scholarly journals Il castello Colonna di Arnara: dal restauro del monumento alla valorizzazione del borgo antico e del suo territorio

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Cattaneo ◽  
Laura Baratin
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Exceptional Case ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medieval Architecture ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Private And Public

The castle Colonna of Arnara: from the restoration of the monument to the enhancement of the ancient village and its territoryThe castle of Arnara, is located in Ciociaria in southern Lazio, in what was once the feud of the Conti of Ceccano. For the territory it is the most important monumental complex of medieval architecture. In fact, despite its small size, it is one of the few examples of fortified architecture still original in its essential lines. This castle represents an exceptional case of sedimentation and stratification, which even today, from its reading, allows us to reconstruct both its historical events and those related to the urban development of the adjacent historic village. Moreover it can be considered of priority importance also from the urbanistic point of view because it represents the first historical nucleus of Arnara. Unfortunately, today, the castle is in a bad state of conservation. With the passing of time its conditions have become more and more aggravated also because of the complex events linked to the various passages of property, of private and public nature, which have strongly influenced the management of the monument. The study of the castle of Arnara is part of the national and international debate that considers participation a key factor for the sustainable enhancement of the cultural heritage, because it promotes greater awareness of its social and economic value. The objective of the research work is to develop, taking the castle as a case study, a new approach that sees cultural heritage (tangible and intangible) as an irreplaceable heritage of knowledge and as a precious resource for economic growth, employment and social cohesion; therefore a cultural heritage seen as a driving force. In the specific case of Colonna Castle, attention has been focused on the importance of being able to activate virtuous circles around this very important place of culture, enhancing its role as a centre of knowledge and incubator of creativity and social innovation.

scholarly journals ДО ПРОБЛЕМИ ГАЛУЗЕВОЇ НАЛЕЖНОСТІ ДОГОВОРУ АУТСТАФІНГУ

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Ю. А. Тобота
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Private And Public

In the article an author made an attempt to research branch belonging of the outstaffing agreement which is new legal institution for national judicial system and enforcement practices. Making the research the author used developments made by another national scientists whose scientific interests connected with outstaffing agreement. By the author’s point of view this type of agreements containes private and public elements and is complex agreement. An attempt of determining juridical nature of this agreement is made. Common features and differences between outstaffing agreement, civil and labour agreements were determined and some recommendations about legislative modifications were proposed.

scholarly journals An Empirical Evaluation of Accounting Graduates’ Employability Skills from Jordanian Employers’ Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Awad Altrawneh
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Accounting Education ◽  
Employability Skills ◽  
Accounting Students ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Generic Skills ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Accounting Graduates

<p>In the specific case of accounting, compatibility is being sought between what accounting education provides, what accounting graduates possess and what the job market requires. Thus, from the employers’ point of view, this study will attempt to investigate the skills that accounting students have and the skills required by the labour market, and which will enhance the employability of graduates. The perception of employers of how important those skills are to the job market will be explored, as well as whether the importance of the required skills varies depending on type of sector, organisation and job position, all in the context of Jordan. In general, this study is intended to bridge the gap to the benefit of academia, professionals and students.</p><p>The objective of the study has been approached by developing a questionnaire that was distributed to all major Jordanian companies and organizations in both the private and public sectors. The study concludes that accounting graduates lack, in particular, the necessary (generic) skills, and that there is a significant gap between the skills employers need and consider important, and the skills accounting graduates actually possess and can demonstrate in practice. The results show that employers tend to be more satisfied with the level of technical skills that students have acquired, than generic skills.</p>

How effective are the new WASH security guidelines for India? An empirical case study of Andhra Pradesh

Water Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kurian Baby ◽  
V. Ratna Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Capital Maintenance ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Operations And Maintenance ◽  
Private And Public

India has been making policies relating to the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector since independence. The 2010 policy guidelines for the water and sanitation sectors have embarked on a new path of water security by identifying and emphasizing the importance of hitherto nagging bottlenecks in sustainable service delivery. This paper attempts to assess these policy guidelines critically and suggest ways to make them effective from the point of view of putting them into operation. This paper argues the following. (i) WASH sector financing needs to be addressed directly with realistic assessment of unit costs and their composition. (ii) Within the WASH sector sanitation needs special focus in terms of planning and allocations. Treating sanitation as an add-on to water would not be enough to improve the sanitation and hygiene conditions. The approach to sanitation needs to be focused on creating demand at the household level, segregating private and public responsibilities in this regard. (iii) Although the new guidelines try to bring a much needed balance between the cost components of new capital investment, they are not clear about post-construction support, especially capital maintenance and ring fencing the allocations towards O&M (operations and maintenance), as well as emphasizing that capital maintenance is critical for sustainable service delivery.

scholarly journals How can regional assets capitalization add value to a modern economy? A theoretical approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 834-842
Author(s):  
Adriana Petre
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Reference Network ◽  
Creating Shared Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Productive Assets

Abstract In a world where social needs surpass the effective resources meant to meet them, in a world where social change might be triggered by false expectations, scientists have joined forces with the private and public actors in order to exploit the full potentiality encountered at the regional levels. If we make a comparison between the social levels and the regional levels we might find astonishing similarities between a reference network and a cluster because they are both networks. The similarity is relevant from the behavioural point of view because any change in the society, be it at the social, economic, cultural, political, natural level is ignited by the human factor. Territorial capital, the innovative notion that reunites the productive assets found at the level of a territory, has been placed in the light of the current research given its potential in indicating economic growth and competitive advantage at the level of a territory. Being essentially a conceptual paper, this article extends the literature by offering a theoretical perspective on the terminology needed to understand territorial capital, to discover the possibilities of creating shared value process at different regional levels and, eventually, to analyse the capitalization concept, considering it an efficiency and social change generating tool in the regional economy. This paper is intended to bring a different, original, perspective at the theoretical level through the way in which the three core concepts are analysed in a common frame. Using the qualitative research methodology and the investigation of literature as a core research method, the conclusion reached was that the above mentioned concepts are interlinked conceptually. As far as the applicability of their relationship is concerned, this paper sets just the beginning of an in-depth research of these relevant fields of study.

scholarly journals The sphere of land relations as a component of administrative and legal regulation subject

1970 ◽  
pp. 283-289
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Zalievskyi
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Land Relations ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Subject

The author’s approach to defining the range of land-related and ground-related phenomena based on administrative law is proposed in the article. The availability of subject authority power relations in the structure and the fulfillment of relevant functions is the main criterion for the separation of such relations. The expediency of using the term “sphere of land relations” as those arising in connection with the exercise of power by the executive authorities and bodies of local self-government is validated and the subject of the relations is land, ground area, rights to them, as well as objects and subjects derived from them. Land relations are one of the largest in volume masses regulated by the norms of public relations law where an absolute majority of both private and public entities are involved. However, due to the diversity of such entities and differences in their legal status, the legal regulation of land relations uses the methods inherent in both civil and administrative law. In addition, in terms of the land law the existence of its own legal regulation method is emphasized. A great deal of research has been devoted to the issues of administrative and legal regulation of land relations, in particular by such scientists as E. Gladkova, M. Kovalsky, V. Pakhomov, M. Shulga, O. Nevmerzhitsky, D. Busuyok and others. Relevant papers from the administrative law point of view emphasize that a great part of the relations which have the subject of land and the phenomena connected with the ground are covered by the subject of administrative law. The aim of this article is to determine the range boundaries of land-related and ground-related phenomena that are regulated by administrative law. Taking into account the normative definition peculiarities of the “land relations” concept content in order to make scientific research, it is more correct to use the term “administrative and legal regulation in the field of land relations” in comparison with the term “administrative and legal regulation of land relations”. The term “sphere of land relations”, in our opinion, should be understood as a set of relations, which in addition to land includes relations arising in connection with the exercise of power by executive authorities and local governments and the subject of these relations is land, ground area, rights to them, and subjects and objects derived from them.

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