scholarly journals EFFECT OF PEAT BRIQUETTES ON THE FORMATION OF CUCUMBER SEEDLINGS IN INTENSIVE LIGHT CULTURE

2018 ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
O. R. Udalova ◽  
G. G. Panova ◽  
L. M. Anikina
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Plant Seedlings

Obtaining high-quality seedlings is an essential condition for growing vegetables in modern cultivation facilities of protected ground. The influence of the composition and properties of peat briquettes on the growth and development of hybrid F1 of cucumber Zozulya seedlings, indicators of plant leaves photosynthetic activity, their net productivity in cultivation under controlled conditions of intensive light culture were investigated. It is shown how the change in the composition of peat briquettes affects their hydrophysical properties: volume, density, moisture absorbing capacity, etc., which is reflected in the state of cucumber seedlings. Thus, for the grown cucumber seedlings, peat briquettes had more favorable hydrophysical properties, which included, in addition to neutralized peat, Cambrian clay, separately or in combination with straw in the amount of 10% of the peat volume, or with sapropel. The moisture absorbing capacity in the considered peat briquettes was optimal for growing plants in conditions of intensive light culture and ranged from 617 to 774%. Optimization of the hydrophysical properties of peat briquettes was positively reflected in the photosynthetic activity of the leaves. The photosynthetic potential increased by 20-29%, the leaf surface area – by 19-40%; net productivity of plants photosynthesis – by 0.6-3.2 g/m2 per day, which eventually led to the formation of plants with a higher biomass – by 10-48%. An increase in the content of straw in the peat briquette to 20% led to a decrease in the moisture absorbing capacity of the peat briquette, which contributed to a certain deterioration in the physiological state of plants and, as a consequence, to a tendency towards to reduce the mass of plant seedlings.

scholarly journals Varietal features of photosynthetic activity of Tyumen seed oats when applying mineral fertilizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 215 (12) ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
Anna Lyubimova ◽  
Dmitriy Eremin
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
First Time

Abstract. The purpose is to study the varietal characteristics of the photosynthetic efficiency of oats when applying fertilizers in Western Siberia. Methods. The research was carried out on an experimental field located in the northern forest-steppe of the Trans-Urals. Photosynthetic potential and net productivity of photosynthesis were determined by the Nichiporovich’s method. Results. The nature of the formation of the assimilation surface and the accumulation of biomass of oat varieties Otrada, Talisman and Foma at different levels of mineral nutrition was studied. The photosynthetic potential and the net productivity of photosynthesis are calculated. The share of the influence of weather conditions, agrophone and variety on the studied indicators is determined. The Foma variety was characterized by maximum leafiness, compared to the Talisman and Otrada. On a natural agrophone, its assimilation surface in the sweeping phase reached 36.0 ± 5.5 thousand m2, at Otrada and Talisman – 28.1 and 24.0 thousand m2 per 1 ha of sowing. A very strong variability of the leaf surface area in Otrada was revealed (Cv = 24 %). The use of mineral fertilizers enhances the development of the leaf apparatus by 44–50 % and causes competition between oat plants. A close positive correlation was revealed between the leaf area in the sweeping phase and yield (r = 0.72). The area of the assimilation surface of oats is affected by: weather conditions – 37 %; nutrition level – 30 % and variety – 25 %. It was found that the Otrada and Foma varieties have the same accumulation dynamics and form the maximum photosynthetic biomass by the sweeping phase. The nature of biomass accumulation depends on weather conditions by 39 %; on mineral fertilizers by 29 % and on the genotype of the variety by 17 %. The productivity of the studied varieties is formed by increasing the assimilation surface, rather than increasing the efficiency of photosynthesis. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the photosynthetic potential was determined and the efficiency of the net photosynthesis productivity of oat varieties of the Tyumen selection was revealed. The share of the influence of various factors in the formation of the oat crop in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals has been established.

Photosynthetic activity and productivity of the sunflower hybrid warrior depending on growing conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
O.V. Nikitenko ◽  
S.V. Litoshko
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Classical System ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Hybrid Sunflower

As a result of the conducted in 2016–2018 studies on the study of the features of photosynthetic activity of the Ratnik hybrid sunflower found that the indicators of the leaf area of one plant and one hectare changed under the influence of the use of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators and were large according to the classical system of basic tillage. The largest indices of the leaf surface area of one plant in all systems of basic tillage were noted with the introduction of full fertilizer N60P60K60. The use of growth regulators in all combinations resulted in an increase in leaf area per plant and per hectare. Large indices of net productivity of photosynthesis were noted in crops according to the classical system of basic tillage, which were, depending on the scheme of drug use: on the control (without fertilizers) – 5,95–6,16 g/m2 × day, in variants with the introduction of N40 – 6,31–6,56 g/m2 × day, in variants with the introduction of N40P60 – 6,25–6,47 g/m2 × day in the variants with the introduction of N60P60K60 – 6,29–6,42 g/m2 × day. The application of mineral fertilizers in various doses contributed to an increase in the net productivity of photosynthesis: according to the classical system by 0,31–0,44, according to the moldboard-free system by 0,02–0,24, at the minimum 0,01–0,08 g/m2 × day. The most favorable conditions for the formation of productivity by sunflower plants have developed according to the classical system of basic tillage with a yield depending on the dose of fertilizers and the option of using growth regulators 2,62–3,46 t/ha. The highest yields of the Ratnik hybrid sunflower – 3.46 and 3.45 t/ha, were obtained when growing according to the classical system of basic tillage, applying mineral fertilizers in a dose of N60P60K60 for pre-sowing cultivation of the second and fifth options for using growth regulators: 2. Rost-concentrate + Chelatin oilseeds (6–8 pairs of real leaves) 5.1 processing: Chelatin phosphorus-potassium + Chelatin мultimix + Chelatin mono boron (3–4 pairs of real leaves), 2 processing: Chelatin mono boron (6–8 pairs of real leaves). The formation of the crop was largely influenced by the system of basic tillage (r = -0.66) and the use of mineral fertilizers (r = 0.61) and the weak use of drugs (r = 0.17). It should be noted the close relationship between yield and leaf surface area (r = 0.78), CPF (r = 0.78), dry matter weight per plant (r = 0.99) and seed weight (r = 0.97 ). Key words: sunflower, system of basic tillage, mineral fertilizer, growth regulator, leaf area, net productivity of photosynthesis, yield.

THE PRODUCTIVITY OF PEAS BY GROWTH STIMULATORS FERTIGRAIN APPLICATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Вершинина ◽  
Oksana Vershinina ◽  
Васин ◽  
Vasiliy Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Feed Protein

The purpose of research is the development of peas productivity increasing ways in the conditions of Middle Volga forest steppe. Results of researches during 2013-2015 with an assessment of photosynthetic activity indexes, structure of harvest, productivity and fodder advantages of peas by different methods of crops preseeding processing and are given by biogrowth factors Noktin and Fertigrain. The largest square of leaves 45.0-47.4 thousand sq.m/ha is formed in a phase of blossoming peas on options at an inoculation of seeds by Rizotorfin and Rizotorfin + Fertigrain Start with after-treatment of crops with biostimulator Fertigrain Foliar in a phase of 4-6 leaves. Photosynthetic potential of crops for vegetation was made without processing of seeds and crops on vegetation of 1.275 million sq.m/ha in a days, when processing seeds preparations Fertigrain Start it raises to 1.305 million sq.m/ha in a days. Net productivity of a photosynthesis reaches maximum in options with processing of seeds Noktin + Fertigrain Start and Rizotorfin + Fertigrain Start and processing of crops on vegetation with an index 4.00-4.09 g/m2 days. The conducted researches showed that all options of processings of seeds and crops increase the efficiency of peas. The greatest productivity of peas 2.04 t/ha and 2.12 t/ha is reached on the crops processed with preparation Fertigrain Foliar in budding phase against processing of seeds preparations Rizotorfin + Fertigrain Start and Noktin + Fertigrain Start. These options differ also in the best fodder advantages with collecting nonvolatile solid 1.82-1.90 t/ha, the feed protein units 2.32-2.41 thousand/ha and an exit of an exchange energy 23.35 - 24.27 GDzh/ha. Results of the conducted researches Noktin and Fertigrain allow todraw the conclusion for application effectiveness of preseeding inoculation of seeds and processing of crops vegetation by preparations.

scholarly journals Influence of growth stimulants and microfertilizers on the productivity of Carthamus tinctorius in the steppe zone of the Saratov Right Bank

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-39
Author(s):  
Ivan Vladimirovich Milovanov ◽  
Evgeniy Viktorovich Kandalov ◽  
Viktor Bisengalievich Narushev ◽  
Rima Zhambulovna Kozhagalieva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Growth Stimulator ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Sowing Seed

In the course of the research, it was found  out that the highest rates of photosynthetic activity of Carthamus tinctorius were noted in the variant where pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a growth stimulator zircon + treatment of crops in the budding phase with siliplant microfertilizer was carried out. In this variant, the leaf area of  the best variety Ershovsky 4 was 35.3 thousand m2 / ha, dry aboveground biomass - 7.49 t / ha, photosynthetic potential - 1941 thousand m2 / ha·day; net productivity of photosynthesis - 3.86 g / m2·day. On average for 2018–2020, the highest yield of safflower oilseeds of the Ershovsky 4 variety reached 1.89 t / ha. The highest (1.74 t / ha) average annual yield of safflower oilseeds of Astrakhanskiy 747 variety was also obtained using a similar option. To ensure a consistently high productivity of Carthamus tinctorius  agrocenoses in the arid conditions of the steppe zone of the Saratov Right Bank, it is recommended to expand the cultivation areas of the most adapted variety Ershovsky 4, using pre-sowing seed treatment with a zircon growth stimulator (30 ml / t) and processing crops in the budding phase with siliplant micronutrient fertilization (1 , 0 l / ha).

scholarly journals Sudangrass productivity when cultivating for fodder in the conditions of the Cis-Ural steppe of the Bashkortostan Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 07002
Author(s):  
R.A. Biktimirov ◽  
A.A. Nizaeva ◽  
A.H. Shakirzyanov ◽  
Z.M. Sharipkulova
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Productivity Potential ◽  
The Given

Producing high-quality fodder is one of the most urgent priorities in agriculture of the Bashkortostan Republic. The Sudangrass cultivation can address the issue of getting high-quality animal feed in the region. The given paper presents the results of experimental studies on improving the Sudangrass growing technology in the conditions of the Bashkortostan's Cis-Ural steppe, based on the best possible and scientifically proven sowing time, methods and seeding rates. Previous studies have established the way these factors affect the productivity of Sudangrass variety Demskaia. It was found that the Sudangrass variety Demskaia requires a seeding rate of 2.5–3.0 million fertile seeds per 1 ha to realize the productivity potential. The best time for sowing Sudangrass is late May when the soil steadily warms up to +14° - +18°C. The highest crude protein content was observed at earlier sowing with the seeding rate of 2.5-3.0 million fertile seeds per hectare. The higher seeding rate results in the increased leaf area and photosynthetic potential but cuts the net productivity of photosynthesis. The leaf surface area reaches its peak in the "full emergence" phase in the trial with a 15-cm row-width spacing at the seeding rate of 2.5-3.0 million fertile seeds per hectare.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic activity of grain sorghum crops depending on the method of sowing seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
L.A. Pravdyva
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

Grain sorghum is a drought-resistant crop and forms a high grain productivity and biomass as a raw material for the production of bioethanol and solid fuel in difficult soil and climatic conditions. The aim of the research was to establish the influence of sowing seeds method of the grain sorghum varieties on the photosynthetic activity of crops in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. It has been proved that the leaf surface area of grain sorghum plants reached its maximum during the period of "throwing out panicles - flowering". It was the largest when sowing with a row spacing of 45 cm and at a plant density of 150 thousand units/ha – 34.8 thousand m2/ha for the Dniprovsky 39 variety and 32.7 thousand m2/ha for the Vinets variety. With the standing density of 200 thousand pieces/ha, the Dniprovsky 39 variety has 37.8 thousand m2/ha, the Vinets variety – 35.6 thousand m2/ha and with the density of 250 thousand pieces/ha, respectively 38.2 and 36.9 thousand m2/ha. The photosynthetic potential also changed depending on the size of the assimilation surface during the growing season. It was the highest when sowing seeds with a row spacing of 45 cm and amounted to 1.13–1.29 million m2/ha for the Dniprovsky 39 variety and 1.10–1.22 million m2/ha for the Vinets variety. When sowing with the row spacing of 15 cm, this indicator was 0.86–1.07 million m2/ha for the Dniprovsky 39 variety and 0.84–1.09 million m2/ha for the Vinets variety. When sowing grain sorghum seeds with the row spacing of 70 cm, the photosynthetic potential was 0.83–1.03 million m2/ha and 0.78–0.95 million m2/ha, respectively. An increase in the plant density from 150 to 250 thousand pieces/ha of grain sorghum contributed to an increase not only in the assimilation leaf surface, but also in the photosynthetic potential. The high net productivity of photosynthesis was observed when sowing seeds with the row spacing of 45 cm and for the Dniprovsky 39 variety it was in the range of 3.36–3.94 g/m2 per day, for the Vinets variety — 3.32–3.81 g/m2 in day. Conclusions. It was found that with a change in the feeding area of grain sorghum plants, the assimilation surface of leaves, photosynthetic potential and net productivity of photosynthesis change.

EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER DOSE AND ROW SPACING ON AMARANTH PRODUCTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Cereal Aphid ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

Amaranth is a valuable food and feed crop that can solve the problem of vegetable protein in animal husbandry. The aim of the research was to study elements of amaranth cultivation technology: the dose of nitrogen fertilizers (without fertilizers, N15, N20, N25) and the row spacing (15, 30, 45 cm). The work was carried out on sod-podzolic medium loamy gleyic soil on the experimental field of FSBEI HE Yaroslavl State Agricultural Academy in 2018. The studied parameters were determined according to generally ac-cepted methods. The use of nitrogen fertilizers contributed to a significant increase in leaf area and pho-tosynthetic potential of amaranth crops at the highest values of the background N20 – 4.7 thousand m2 / ha and 324.08 thousand m2 / ha × days, respectively. Increase in row spacing when sowing amaranth raised the leaf surface area value, accumulation of dry aboveground mass, photosynthetic potential, ger-mination and safety at maximum values in the variant with a row spacing of 45 cm. abundance of weed flea, cereal aphid and sunflower fire. Sowing amaranth with a width of 45 cm between rows caused a sta-tistically significant decrease in the number of studied pests, as well as the number and dry weight of young and perennial weeds. The use of nitrogen fertilizers in a dose of 25 kg AI / ha contributed to a sig-nificant decrease in the yield of amaranth green mass from 145.12 q / ha on the «no-fertilizer» variant to 127.93 q / ha, with maximum values for the background N20 – 156, 55 kg / ha. Thus, the greatest effi- 128 ciency was shown by the introduction of nitrogen fertilizers at a dose of 20 kg ai / ha when sown with a row spacing of 45 cm.

scholarly journals Ethylene reduces glucose sensitivity and reverses photosynthetic repression through optimization of glutathione production in salt-stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zebus Sehar ◽  
Noushina Iqbal ◽  
M. Iqbal R. Khan ◽  
Asim Masood ◽  
Md. Tabish Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Buthionine Sulfoximine ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Glucose Sensitivity ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Stressful Environments

AbstractEthylene plays a crucial role throughout the life cycle of plants under optimal and stressful environments. The present study reports the involvement of exogenously sourced ethylene (as ethephon; 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid) in the protection of the photosynthetic activity from glucose (Glu) sensitivity through its influence on the antioxidant system for adaptation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants under salt stress. Ten-day-old plants were subjected to control and 100 mM NaCl and treated with 200 µl L−1 ethephon on foliage at 20 days after seed sowing individually or in combination with 6% Glu. Plants receiving ethylene exhibited higher growth and photosynthesis through reduced Glu sensitivity in the presence of salt stress. Moreover, ethylene-induced reduced glutathione (GSH) production resulted in increased psbA and psbB expression to protect PSII activity and photosynthesis under salt stress. The use of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), GSH biosynthesis inhibitor, substantiated the involvement of ethylene-induced GSH in the reversal of Glu-mediated photosynthetic repression in salt-stressed plants. It was suggested that ethylene increased the utilization of Glu under salt stress through its influence on photosynthetic potential and sink strength and reduced the Glu-mediated repression of photosynthesis.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic activity and productivity of potato plants when using foliar dressings with complex micronutrients and humate

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 02028
Author(s):  
Olga Savina ◽  
Svetlana Afinogenova ◽  
Valentina Krishtafovich ◽  
Bakhytkul Baikhozhaeva
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Treatment Control ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

The article presents the results of many years of research on the effect of foliar dressing with complex fertilizers and humate on photosynthetic activity and productivity of potato plants of Gala and Latona varieties. The following options have been studied: 1) without treatment (control); 2) dressing with Ekorost humate at a dose of 0.2-0.4 l/ha; 3) dressing with micronutrient Strada N at a dose of 3-5 l/ha; 4) dressing with micronutrient Strada R at a dose of 3-5 l/ha. The treatment was carried out twice during the growing season: when full shoots appeared and 14 days after the first one. Determination of the leaf area and calculation of the photosynthetic potential were carried out according to the VNIIKH method (1967) three times during the growing season in the following phases: budding, flowering, and the beginning of withering away of lower leaves. The crop was harvested by the method of continuous harvesting of the accounting area of the plots with weighing. The effectiveness of the studied agrotechnical methods has been proved. The best variant of the investigated ones is the use of Strada R. The plants of this variant formed a more powerful assimilation apparatus and had the highest photosynthetic potential, which ultimately affected the yield of tubers. The increase in the yield of two varieties of potatoes was 21.8-23.1 % in relation to the control. Gala variety turned out to be more responsive to the action of vegetative treatments in comparison with Latona variety.

scholarly journals Identification of the photosynthetic potential of spring oat varieties in the Lower Volga Re-gion

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Nina Alekseevna Naumova
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Lower Volga Region ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
Lower Volga ◽  
World Collection ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

In 2017-2019, in the agro-climatic conditions of the Lower Volga region, the experience of studying spring oat varieties of different ecological and geographical origin from the world collection of VIR was laid, in order to determine their photosynthetic potential, and to identify varieties with high photosynthetic productivity. Over the years of research, the most adapted varieties of this crop were selected, their photosynthetic potential was determined, and the intensity of photosynthesis during the reproductive period of development (during the main growth phases) of spring oats in the conditions of the Lower Volga region was analyzed. On average, for 3 years of studying the collection varieties of spring oats in terms of the net productivity of photosynthesis, samples were noted: Myrtle, Athlete, Urs guara, Urs penca, p. 1. 3326 It was determined that with the growth of (FP) and (BPF), the yield of oats also increased. Since this indicator directly depends on the physiological and bioclimatic processes occurring in plants during ontogenesis. In the highest yield in 2017, it varied from 0.66 to 2.01 / ha. In 2018, the minimum yield values for all varieties were obtained from 0.51 t / ha of the Dookie 10 variety to 1.78 t / ha of the Mir variety. In the conditions of 2019, the yield variability by variety was from 0.60 t / ha to 1.94 t / ha. Thus, out of the 8 studied varieties, 5 were identified - p.1. 3326, Guara Urs, Urs foam, Athlete, Myrtle, as highly productive, and therefore the most resistant to abiotic stresses of the conditions of the Lower Volga region.

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