scholarly journals The influence of irrigation methods on the water regime and productivity of greenhouse tomatoes

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
G. M. Mustafaev ◽  
A. A. Magomedova ◽  
S. M. Mursalov ◽  
A. Ch. Sapukova ◽  
M. M. Khalikov
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Greenhouse Crops ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Greenhouse Tomatoes

Relevance. The water regime is one of the main processes in the life of the plant, optimizing which can increase the yield of cultivated crops. In protected ground conditions, the plants' water needs are met exclusively by irrigation. Irrigation is the most important means of increasing the yield of greenhouse crops, including tomato. Greenhouse tomatoes are very demanding on soil moisture, as well as on air humidity. To combat overheating of the air and plants, and to increase the relative humidity of the air in greenhouses, plants for evaporative cooling and humidification of plants are successfully used, which are especially effective in drip irrigation. The combination of drip irrigation with evaporative cooling makes it possible to control the water regime of the soil and air habitat of plants.Materials and Methods. The purpose of the research: to identify the most optimal method of water supply for greenhouse tomatoes. The research was conducted in 2018-2019 in the greenhouse complex "Yugagroholding", located in the suburbs of the city of Makhachkala. The object of research was a hybrid of tomato Mei shuai. The experiments included three options: sprinkling, drip irrigation, and drip irrigation with evaporative cooling.Results. The comparative characteristics of irrigation methods by yield are presented, the results of which indicate the advantage of the second and third options over sprinkling: the highest yield was obtained in the third option and amounted to 14.7 kg/m2 . The best methods of water supply that ensure the optimal water regime of greenhouse tomatoes are identified-drip irrigation and drip irrigation in combination with evaporative cooling, the latter is the best in most indicators. 

Effects of drip irrigation methods on yield and water productivity of maize in Northwest China

2022 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 107227
Author(s):  
Yuxin Cao ◽  
Huanjie Cai ◽  
Shikun Sun ◽  
Xiaobo Gu ◽  
Qing Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Irrigation Methods

scholarly journals Influence of Bed Size and Irrigation Methods on Potato (Solanum tuberosum)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajanbir Singh ◽  
Amarinder Singh ◽  
Gurbax Singh ◽  
Amritpal Singh ◽  
Gurloveleen Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
The World

Background: Potato (Solanum tuberosum) popularly known as ‘The King of Vegetables’, has emerged as fourth most important food crop in the world after rice, wheat and maize. Indian vegetables basket is incomplete without potato as its, dry matter, edible energy and edible protein makes it nutritionally superior as well as staple food throughout the world. Methods: The experiment during 2016-2018 was laid out in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications to study the effect of bed size on the yield and size of the tuber under different irrigation methods. Results: Maximum yield was obtained in 60cm bed (narrow bed size) whereas in irrigation system drip produced maximum yield. All quality parameters did not influence due to sowing method and irrigation system but chip recovery was more in drip irrigation than furrow system. Maximum yield through interaction was found in drip irrigated 105 cm triple row bed. Around 45-50 per cent water was saved through drip irrigation as compared to furrow irrigation. However, maximum benefit cost ratio was obtained in furrow irrigated 60cm bed size.

Sustainable Irrigation: Karez System in Afghanistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Abdullah Azami ◽  
◽  
Jay Sagin ◽  
Sayed Hashmat Sadat ◽  
Hejratullah Hejran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Scheme ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Sustainable Water Supply ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Sustainable Irrigation

In Afghanistan, water is mostly used for agricultural purposes. The water supply chain requires updating to ensure its sustainability. Different irrigation methods – such as surface water based irrigation (via canals), groundwater based irrigation, and the Karez irrigation system – are applied across the country. Considering the compatibility of the Karez system with the environment, it can be deemed the most effective irrigation scheme, as it allows collecting a significant amount of groundwater and conveying it to land surface via sub-horizontal tunnels using gravity. This article analyzes Afghanistan’s Karez irrigation systems currently feeding water to over 170,000 ha of farmland with a potential to expand and become a component of sustainable water supply chain.

ОЦЕНКА ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ОРОСИТЕЛЬНЫХ СИСТЕМ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ УРОВНЕ И СИТУАЦИОННЫЙ ПРОГНОЗ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ВОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ В ДОЛГОСРОЧНОЙ ПЕРСПЕКТИВЕ (2021 - 2030 гг.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
S.D. Isaeva ◽  
A.L. Buber
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Irrigation Efficiency ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Irrigated Area

В статье проведен анализ состояния оросительных, в том числе рисовых, систем Краснодарского края за 20 лет. Рассмотрены основные способы полива, динамика орошаемой площади, суммарной водоподачи, оросительные нормы, объем коллекторно-дренажного стока и др. Выявлено сокращение поливаемых земель в Краснодарском крае, снижение суммарного водозабора и оросительных норм. Выполнен аналитический прогноз рассмотренных показателей на перспективу до 2030 г. и предложены меры по развитию и повышению эффективности орошения в Краснодарском крае, прежде всего за счет строгого планирования водопользования на основе цифровых технологий и математического моделирования.Сondition of irrigation systems analysis was carried out in the Krasnodar Territory. Irrigation methods, dynamics of irrigated area, total water supply, irrigation norms are considered. Reduction of irrigated land, total water withdrawal and irrigation norms has been established in the Krasnodar Territory. An analytical forecast of the considered indicators for the future until 2030 has been completed. Measures to develop and improve irrigation efficiency are proposed. Above all, this is rigorous water use planning based on digital technology and mathematical modeling.

Land Suitability Evaluation for Surface, Sprinkle and Drip Irrigation Methods in Fakkeh Plain, Iran

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
pp. 3646-3653 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Landi ◽  
S. Boroomand- ◽  
M. Behzad ◽  
M.R. Tondrow ◽  
M. Albaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Land Suitability ◽  
Suitability Evaluation ◽  
Land Suitability Evaluation ◽  
Irrigation Methods

scholarly journals Evaluation of Water Uptake and Root Distribution of Cherry Trees Under Different Irrigation Methods

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingfeng Li ◽  
Huang Tan ◽  
Jiahang Wang ◽  
Xiaoqing Cao ◽  
Peiling Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Root System ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Use Efficiency

Although water-saving measures are increasingly being adopted in orchards, little is known about how different irrigation methods enhance water use efficiency at the root system level. To study the allocation of water sources of water absorption by cherry roots under two irrigation methods, surface irrigation and drip irrigation, oxygen isotope tracing and root excavation were used in this study. We found that different irrigation methods have different effects on the average δ18O content of soil water in the soil profile. The IsoSource model was applied to calculate the contribution rate of water absorption by cherry roots under these irrigation methods. During the drought period in spring (also a key period of water consumption for cherry trees), irrigation water was the main source of water absorbed by cherry roots. In summer, cherry roots exhibited a wide range of water absorption sources. In this case, relative to the surface irrigation mode, the drip irrigation mode demonstrated higher irrigation water use efficiency. After two years of the above experiment, root excavation was used to analyze the effects of these irrigation methods on the distribution pattern of roots. We found that root distribution is mainly affected by soil depth. The root system indexes in 10–30 cm soil layer differ significantly from those in other soil layers. Drip irrigation increased the root length density (RLD) and root surface area (RSA) in the shallow soil. There was no significant difference in root biomass density (RBD) and root volume ratio (RVR) between the two irrigation treatments. The effects of these irrigation methods on the 2D distribution of cherry RBD, RLD, RSA and RVR, which indicated that the cherry roots were mainly concentrated in the horizontal depths of 20 to 100 cm, which was related to the irrigation wet zone. In the current experiment, more than 85% of cherry roots were distributed in the space with horizontal radius of 0 to 100 cm and vertical depth of 0 to 80 cm; above 95% of cherry roots were distributed in the space with the horizontal radius of 0 to 150 cm and the vertical depth of 0 to 80 cm. Compared with surface irrigation, drip irrigation makes RLD and RSA more concentrated in the horizontal range of 30–100 cm and vertical range of 0–70 cm.

scholarly journals Slushflow hazard — where, why and when? 25 years of experience with slushflow consulting and research

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 370-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Hestnes
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Tensile Failure ◽  
Hazard Evaluation ◽  
General Validity ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Snowpack Properties ◽  
Basal Shear

Slushflows — flowing mixtures of water and snow — are a major natural hazard in Norway. Knowledge gathered by the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute during 25 years of slushflow consulting and research is presented. The variation in regional occurrence is described and related to climatic premises and ground conditions. The principal ideas about slushflow release, down-slope propagation and run-out are outlined. They are closely related to the rate and duration of water supply, snowpack properties and geomorphic factors. Slushflow release is caused by basal shear failure aided by water pressure to cause loss of basal support and finally tensile failure through the snowpack. Our methods of hazard evaluation and acute-hazard prediction and warning are summarized, including the estimation of water supply based on meteorological data. The results of a worldwide questionnaire on slushflows, literature studies and scientific contacts, indicate that slushflows occur in all countries having a seasonal snow cover and that the results of our studies in Norway have a general validity.

Special features of drip-sprinkler irrigation technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye. V. Angold ◽  
V. A. Zharkov
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Yielding Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Agricultural Plants ◽  
Plant Root System

Irrigation techniques and technology based on principle of regular accumulation of moisture in active layer (surface irrigation, regular sprinkler irrigation) are most common in science and in practice. More progressive is principle of non-stop water supply of plants and soil in conformity to their water consumption. Drip irrigation and impulse sprinkling are based on this principle. The main advantage of drip irrigation is establishment of optimal water and nutritive regime directly in the plant root system. However, such irrigation is not effective enough under conditions of high air temperatures (over 25–35 °С), as growing process of several agricultural plants is known to slow down at 30–35 °С and photosynthesis, consequently, stops, which, in turn, affects plants yielding capacity. Sprinkling irrigation provides improvement of both microclimate in plant's environment and their water regime. Combination of drip and sprinkling irrigation permits the positive characteristics of each individual technology to be united, and to remove a series of disadvantages of their separate use as well as to use drip-sprinkler irrigation technology to create optimal conditions for plant development. Drip-sprinkler irrigation technology facilitates saving of irrigation water through drip irrigation in the main vegetation period and through improvement of microclimate and water regime of agricultural plants with additional sprinkling irrigation within the period of high temperatures and low air humidity that affects the growing process and increases yielding capacity of grown cultures.

scholarly journals Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from surface and subsurface drip irrigated tomato fields

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.P. Edwards ◽  
C.A. Madramootoo ◽  
J.K. Whalen ◽  
V.I. Adamchuk ◽  
A.S. Mat Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Irrigation Practices

Irrigation practices change the soil moisture in agricultural fields and influence emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). A 2 yr field study was conducted to assess carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from surface and subsurface drip irrigated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fields on a loamy sand in southern Ontario. Surface and subsurface drip irrigation are common irrigation practices used by tomato growers in southern Ontario. The N2O fluxes were generally ≤50 μg N2O-N m−2 h−1, with mean cumulative emissions ranging between 352 ± 83 and 486 ± 138 mg N2O-N m−2. No significant difference in N2O emissions between the two drip irrigation practices was found in either study year. Mean CO2 fluxes ranged from 22 to 160 mg CO2-C m2 h−1 with cumulative fluxes between 188 ± 42 and 306 ± 31 g CO2-C m−2. Seasonal CO2 emissions from surface drip irrigation were significantly greater than subsurface drip irrigation in both years, likely attributed to sampling time temperature differences. We conclude that these irrigation methods did not have a direct effect on the GHG emissions from tomato fields in this study. Therefore, both irrigation methods are expected to have similar environmental impacts and are recommended to growers.

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