scholarly journals Frontline Response to High Impact Domestic Violence in France

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-178
Author(s):  
Marion Tillous ◽  
Thierry Delpeuch ◽  
François Bonnet
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Local Level ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Protection Order ◽  
And Diffusion

Since the 2000s, several laws have been enacted by the French parliament to make domestic violence a crime taken more seriously. Among the most important developments, a 2010 bill introduced the protection order in French law; the inter-ministerial mission for the protection of women against violence and the fight against human trafficking (MIPROF) was created in 2013, and a set of conferences between public stakeholders and NGOs took place in 2019 (the "Grenelle des violences conjugales"). In France, policies to combat domestic violence at the local level essentially rely on the setting and diffusion of two types of organisational arrangements. The first type of arrangement is a specialised domestic violence unit that is set up within a larger organisation with a more general mission, such as law enforcement agencies, hospitals, or social services. The second type of arrangement is an inter-organisational structure intended to provide a framework for partnership cooperation against domestic violence, such as social workers embedded in police stations to provide expert assistance to victims when they report domestic violence.

scholarly journals THE CURRENT CONDITION OF HOME VIOLENCE ISSUES AGAINST WOMEN IN UKRAINE AND FORENSICS ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 729-738
Author(s):  
O. Babkina ◽  
A. Tkachov
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Women Victims ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Restrictive Measures ◽  
Medical Examinations

The article is devoted to the analysis of the aspects of providing legal assistance to women victims of domestic violence in Ukraine. Due to our analysis, we have demonstrated that in Ukraine, legislative documents have been developed at the legislative level to prevent domestic violence and the observance of women’s rights, and forms of domestic violence have been identified (psychological, physical, sexual). The main standards of the regulatory framework of Ukraine are consistent with the Istanbul Convention. In practical work, law enforcement agencies interact with social services, medical institutions, forensic medical examinations and many others to provide timely, fullfledged assistance to women in cases of detected domestic violence, and in each case develop a system of measures to prevent, promote and prevent domestic violence. A positive aspect in the modern legislation of Ukraine was the establishment of restrictive measures for persons who committed domestic violence in the form of a ban on staying in a place of cohabitation with a person who suffered from domestic violence; prohibitions of approaching a place or person who has suffered from domestic violence, etc. Attention is drawn to the fact that for the first two violations, the person who committed domestic violence can be held administratively liable, and for the third time, criminal liability. Recommendations are given on conducting a forensic examination in cases of domestic violence against women, in which, in addition to the mandatory points reflected in the Rules for the Examination of Victims, Accused and Other Persons, aspects of an ethical approach are noted to reduce the psychological trauma of women during examination. It was emphasized that the issue of beatings, torment and torture falls within the competence of the bodies of pre-trial investigation/court and is not the competence of forensic medical examination.

scholarly journals Frontline Response to High Impact Domestic Violence in Portugal

2021 ◽  
pp. 215-238
Author(s):  
Paulo Machado ◽  
Lúcia G. Pais ◽  
Sérgio Felgueiras ◽  
Carina Quaresma
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
National Network ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government

There have been profound social transformations in Portugal in the last 50 years. Portugal currently adheres to the international and European agenda to prevent domestic violence. In the chapter the Portuguese legislation and the reporting figures regarding domestic violence, the role of the Law Enforcement Agencies, other first responder agencies, and pertinent stakeholders in responding to high impact domestic violence, as well as the National Network for the Support of Victims of Domestic Violence, are addressed. The authors also discuss good practices and significant challenges. Two of these are intertwined – none of them is quickly addressed, nor can they be addressed by themselves. One is developing a collective attitude that considers domestic violence as unacceptable behaviour, besides being punished by the criminal law. The other is directly posed to the law enforcement agencies and has to do with the increasing complexity of the operational procedures (derived from the new tools presented by the government recently). The problem of elites provoking social change on a superlative level is to forget that adopting new social models is not achieved by decree but through social influence processes, which takes time.

scholarly journals FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE PREVENTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 284-292
Author(s):  
О. С. Дмитращук
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Social Services ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Domestic Violence Prevention

The relevance of the article is that the analysis of the legislation of foreign countries gives grounds to assert that in most countries of the world legislation on combating domestic violence has not yet been adopted, and in those countries that have laws to prevent domestic violence has not yet had sufficient experience. combating this socially dangerous phenomenon, and some countries completely ignore measures related to domestic violence, although they have laws to combat domestic violence. The article examines the most positive experience in preventing domestic violence in Europe and other countries. It is established that the most acceptable for Ukraine is a positive experience in preventing domestic violence in European countries. It has been established that in Austria the police are empowered to evict offenders and impose prohibition orders. The country has established “intervention centers” that provide free counseling, assistance and support to victims of domestic violence. In the Republic of Bulgaria, such a form of punishment is provided as public condemnation, which is manifested in the public condemnation of the violator before the labor collective in which he works or before the organization of which he is a member. It was found that the practice of cooperation between the police and the community in overcoming the problem of domestic violence, which is regulated by the Claire Act, is relevant. In the Federal Republic of Germany, domestic violence is not only aggressive and violent acts between a woman and a man, but also between children, parents, sisters and brothers. It is emphasized that in the Republic of Poland the public condemnation of the criminal act of the offender is a positive experience, because for offenders it is more unpleasant to condemn society than legal responsibility. In the United States, children’s social services are focused not only on the child, but also on the family as a whole. There are government and community commissions to investigate cases of violence in this state, and special shelters have been set up to house women with children who have left their homes due to ill-treatment.

scholarly journals The prevention of assault and torture in the system of domestic violence prevention in Russia: the review of regional tendencies of legal regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-52
Author(s):  
Pavel Anatol'evich Matushkin
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Domestic Violence Prevention

The research object is social relations emerging in the process of the prevention of assault and torture as manifestations of donmestic violence. The research subject is the crime prevention legislation, administrative responsibility laws, federal and regional program-targeted documents regulating the sphere of domestic violence, and theoretical insights into this topic. The purpose of the research is to analyze regional tendencies of legal regulation of the prevention of assault and torture, as a part of the system of domestic violence prevention in Russia. To achieve this goal and research tasks, the author uses general scientific (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction) and specific research methods, with the formal-legal method as a basic one, which is connected with the analysis of legal regulations in their system unity. The scientific novelty of the research is proved by the fact that regional peculiarities of legal regulation of the prevention of assault and torture as a part of the system of domestic violence prevention haven’t been studied sufficiently enough. Assault and torture are the factors signalling about the aggravation of home conflicts and leading to the further escalation. In Russia, municipalities create  a system of measures which includes some or all of the following elements: 1) the formation of public awareness about the domestic violence problem; 2) information and methodology support for the activities of law-enforcement agencies and social services responsible for the prevention of domestic violence; 3) the provision of interaction between medical institutions and law-enforcement bodies and social services; 4) the introduction of punishment for home rowdyism and the provocation of home conflicts.   

scholarly journals Socialt medborgarskap och möjligheten till ett självständigt liv – ekonomiskt bistånd för kvinnor som har lämnat en våldsam partner

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rickard Ulmestig ◽  
Alexandru Panican
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social ◽  
Independent Life ◽  
The Right

Social citizenship and the opportunity for an independent life – Social assistance for women who have left a violent partnerEconomic security is significant for a woman’s possibility to leave a violent partner. In Sweden women under these circumstances are sometimes forced to rely on social assistance. The aim is to understand the social services’ handling of these women applying for social assistance. The study starts from a citizenship perspective, where women’s descriptions are analysed. The study is based on 13 semi-structured interviews in three municipalities with women survivors of domestic violence. These survivors have been highlighted as a prioritized group on the political arena. They meet a social assistance system which is supposed to be built on citizenship rights according to the Social Services Act. From the empirical material, however, we can conclude that the survivors’ basic needs are dependent on means tests in order to assess who is a deserving client in implementing the right to social assistance based on discretionary power on the local level. The survivors describe how the case workers choose in certain cases to prioritize the municipalities’ economy over the intentions of the Social Services Act. It becomes clear that the conditions for receiving social assistance are to be given a subordinate position. The condition for being able to obtain social assistance are described by the survivors as accepting limitations of privacy, autonomy and self-determination. Summarizing, the core of the poor relief logic is that the relief can never be a right for survivors of domestic violence in Sweden.

Towards Coherent European Crime Victims Policies and Practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
Dobrinka Chankova ◽  
Gergana Georgieva
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Victims Of Crime ◽  
Victim Protection ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Protection Order ◽  
Practical Recommendations ◽  
Policies And Practices

Abstract This study explores the latest developments on the European scale of the policies and practices towards victims of crime. Due to many economic and political factors a lot of people are in movement and exposed to the risk of becoming victims of crime. During the last decade the statistics already records enhanced victimization of the global European society. These have provoked numerous legislative actions and practical initiatives in order to ensure safety, to prevent falling victims to crime and to protect better victim’s rights and needs. The European Protection Order Directive, Victims’ Directive and Convention against domestic violence, are among the most advanced legal acts worldwide. However, it is observed that their implementation in Europe is asymmetric and sometimes problematic. This paper explores the role of the national governments and specialized agencies and mainly the deficits in their activities leading to the non-usage of victims of all the existing opportunities. The newest supra-national acts aiming at the acceleration of transposition and ratification of these important for the building of victim-friendly environment documents, are discussed. Practical recommendations for a more effective victim protection are developed.

Concept and components of the financial-investment maintenance of local governance

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
Zenoviy Siryk
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
And Function

The issues related to the management of financial resources of territorial communities, financial independence of local governments and forming of efficient financial-investment policy to secure the balanced development of local communities and territories become of utmost importance in conditions of financial decentralization and administrative-territorial reform in Ukraine. The problem issues concerning the forming of financial-investment maintenance of local governance directly impact the capacity of a territorial community that should have financial, material, and other resources in the volumes sufficient to completely accomplish the tasks and function of local governments and provide social services to the population at the level stipulated by national standards. The forming of financial-investment maintenance of local governance is revealed to be directly influencing the capacity of a territorial community that should have financial, material, and other resources in the volumes sufficient to completely accomplish the tasks and function of local governments and provide social services to the population. The expansion of local governments’ competences and granting them greater independence are substantiated to be requiring more responsibility in the financial-investment policy implementation on the local level, forming of conditions to perform the economic activity, and develop businesses by all economic entities, and promoting favorable investment climate in the region. Based on the analysis of approaches to the definition of the nature of “financial maintenance” and “investment maintenance” in the context of the peculiarities of local governments’ activity, the paper suggests understanding the “financial-investment maintenance of local governance” as a set of opportunities and activities on distribution and use of financial resources and territories’ resources for the creation of conditions necessary for the efficient functioning of local governments and realization of their competences.

scholarly journals Multi-Risk Climate Mapping for the Adaptation of the Venice Metropolitan Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Denis Maragno ◽  
Carlo Federico dall’Omo ◽  
Gianfranco Pozzer ◽  
Francesco Musco
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Adaptation Planning ◽  
Spatial Decision Support System ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Climate Adaptation Planning

Climate change risk reduction requires cities to undertake urgent decisions. One of the principal obstacles that hinders effective decision making is insufficient spatial knowledge frameworks. Cities climate adaptation planning must become strategic to rethink and transform urban fabrics holistically. Contemporary urban planning should merge future threats with older and unsolved criticalities, like social inequities, urban conflicts and “drosscapes”. Retrofitting planning processes and redefining urban objectives requires the development of innovative spatial information frameworks. This paper proposes a combination of approaches to overcome knowledge production limits and to support climate adaptation planning. The research was undertaken in collaboration with the Metropolitan City of Venice and the Municipality of Venice, and required the production of a multi-risk climate atlas to support their future spatial planning efforts. The developed tool is a Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS), which aids adaptation actions and the coordination of strategies. The model recognises and assesses two climate impacts: Urban Heat Island and Flooding, representing the Metropolitan City of Venice (CMVE) as a case study in complexity. The model is composed from multiple assessment methodologies and maps both vulnerability and risk. The atlas links the morphological and functional conditions of urban fabrics and land use that triggers climate impacts. The atlas takes the exposure assessment of urban assets into account, using this parameter to describe local economies and social services, and map the uneven distribution of impacts. The resulting tool is therefore a replicable and scalable mapping assessment able to mediate between metropolitan and local level planning systems.

Who are the Respondents of Domestic Violence Protection Orders?

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Criminal History ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Protection Orders ◽  
Violent Criminal ◽  
Couple Violence ◽  
Criminal Histories ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Economic Background ◽  
Protection Order

This study examined a sample of both male and female respondents of applications for domestic violence protection orders in Queensland, Australia. The socio-demographic characteristics and criminal histories of respondents of only one domestic violence protection order (DVPO) application were compared with respondents of multiple DVPO applications. No differences were found between the groups in socio-economic background or ethnicity. The respondent's gender, marital status, and criminal history discriminated among respondents. Females were respondents on only one DVPO application. Respondents on cross applications were more likely to be married. Men who were respondents on multiple DVPO applications were more likely to have non-spousal violent criminal histories than men involved in only one protection order application. However, Indigenous people and people from disadvantaged areas were over-represented in the sample. These results of this study provide support for Johnson's (1995) concept of two distinct forms of couple violence. The implications of these findings for understanding the nature of domestic violence and managing violent offenders are discussed.

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