scholarly journals Neurogenic cardiovascular disorders in α-synucleinopathies: diagnostic and therapy issues

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-521
Author(s):  
I. V. Litvinenko ◽  
P. S. Dynin ◽  
S. N. Yanishevsky ◽  
V. Yu. Lobzin ◽  
K. M. Naumov
Keyword(s):  
Supine Position ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Neurogenic Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Relationship Of

Diagnostics and treatment of the neurogenic cardiovascular disorders in α-synucleinopathies are difficult due to the early-onset of autonomic deficiency and masking under other diseases. The paper discusses the development and progression mechanisms of manifestations of neurogenic cardiovascular pathology. The main forms include neurogenic orthostatic hypotension, neurogenic hypertension in supine position (recumbent neurogenic hypertension) and its nocturnal variant. The existing and promising diagnostic approaches and related difficulties are presented. The possible relationship of cardiovascular disorders in α-synucleinopathies and their manifestations is shown. A possible diagnostic algorithm and possible non-drug and drug treatment and prevention approaches in neurogenic cardiovascular deficiency in α-synucleinopathies are presented. The importance of a multidisciplinary approach is emphasized.

P5352The main characteristics and multimorbidity in patients with history of stroke, myocardial infarction and their combination (hospital registry data)

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Y Okshina ◽  
M M Lukiyanov ◽  
O M Drapkina ◽  
V G Klyashtorny ◽  
E V Kudryashov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Digestive Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hospital Registry ◽  
Cardiovascular Continuum

Abstract Aim To assess characteristics and patterns of cardiovascular (CV) and non-cardiovascular (non-CV) multimorbidity in patients with history of stroke (STR) without myocardial infarction (STRH), history of myocardial infarction (MI) without stroke (MIH), and their combination (STRH+MIH) on a basis of the hospital registry. Methods The hospital registry included 8954 patients with arterial hypertension (AH), ischemic heart disease, chronic heart failure (CHF), atrial fibrillation (AF) and their combinations hospitalized to the National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine (Moscow, Russia) from 01.04.13 to 31.03.17. 2020 (22.6%) patients had a MIH, 857 (9.6%) – a STRH and 318 (3.6%) had a combination of them. Results The age of patients with MIH was significantly less than in STRH and in the combined group (66.8±11.3 vs 70.8±10.9 and 71.6±9.9 years, p<0.05). 70% of patients in STRH+MIH group had primary MI earlier than STR (on the average 3.8 years). The age of primary MI and STR was 61.3±11.4 and 65.8±11.7 years respectively (p<0.001). 27% of all STRH and 14% of MIH cases were presented in MIH+STRH group. Men prevailed in MIH and MIH+STRH (70% and 64.5%) groups, women – in STRH (59%). In MIH group compared with STRH and STRH+ MIH groups was lower frequency of AH (90.2% vs 97.2%; 96.5%) and AF (21.2% vs 41.5%; 41.5%). CHF patients prevailed in STRH+MIH and MIH groups (70.4%; 57.1% vs 40.7%), p<0.0001. The most number of CV diseases (CVDs) was in STRH+MIH group (3.09±0.8) and less in MIH (2.9±1.0) and STRH (1.96±0.9) groups. In STRH+MIH patients compared with STRH and MIH groups were also more often identified: diabetes (35.2%; 22.3%; 24.7%, p<0.0001), digestive diseases (80.2% vs 73.4%; 75.6%, p<0.0001 and p=0.025), kidney diseases (56.6% vs 44,7%; 29%, p<0.0001 and p=0.0003), respiratory diseases (37.4% vs 23.9%; 31.9%, p=0.005; p=0,001), anemia (12.9% vs 7.9% and 6.9%, p=0.0002 and p=0.009). The number of obese patients did not differ significantly in all groups (33.0%; 30.7%; 28.1%, p>0.05). The average number of comorbid non-CV diseases (non-CVDs) was: 1.96±0.5 in MIH group; 2.03±0.3 in patients with STRH and 2.55±0.3 in STRH+MIH group (p<0.05, adjusted to age and sex). The total number of CVDs and non-CVDs was maximal (5,6) in STRH+MIH group, less in MIH (4.65) and STRH (3,99) groups. Conclusions Patients with history of stroke and myocardial infarction had maximal number both of CVDs and non-CVDs compared with groups of only myocardial infarction or stroke history, i.e. they had the higher CV risk and the most unfavorable profile in hospital registry. So, the multidisciplinary approach for the treatment and prevention in this multimorbid group is most indicated. 70% of patients in combined group had primary MI earlier than primary stroke (on the average 3.8 years). This fact confirmed the suggestion that MI is the earlier part of cardiovascular continuum than stroke.

Detailed needs assessment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Traolach S. Brugha
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Speech And Language Therapy ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Controlled Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches

Patients with more complex presentations that include autism may require more detailed assessments involving a multidisciplinary approach. This chapter covers a range of measures that are used in clinical practice and in randomized controlled treatment trials in adults, which add more detailed information. These may be helpful in planning for the interventions described in subsequent chapters. Advanced diagnostic approaches will be considered, which call upon neuropsychology, speech and language therapy, social work, occupational therapy, and the use of quality of life approaches. More detailed assessments should consider an assessment of risk to self and others sufficient to develop a risk management plan where appropriate.

Diabetes mellitus and the central nervous system

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
E V Surkova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Relationship Of

The review considers the current views on the central nervous system (CNS) in diabetes mellitus (DM). It discusses an attitude towards the term «diabetic encephalopathy». The data of investigations of cognitive functions in types 1 and 2 DM and the brain structural imaging results obtained using up-to-date technologies are considered. The results of studies of the factors that induce cerebral changes in DM and their associated cognitive impairments are given. There is evidence that hyperglycemia has a more considerable impact on the above processes than hypoglycemia; other possible factors, apart from blood glucose control, are set out. The current views on the function of insulin in the CNS and the relationship of central insulin resistance to Alzheimer’s disease are outlined. There are current data on intranasal insulin application that is still exploratory, but, as might be judged from the findings, may by a promising method for the treatment and prevention of cognitive decline in both patients with DM and those without this condition.

Obesity: the modern view of a problem

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-338
Author(s):  
Evgenii E. Achkasov ◽  
S. I. Rapoport ◽  
S. D. Runenko ◽  
A. O. Razina
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Interdisciplinary Programs ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
And Control

The article is a review of recent epidemiological observations concerning the prevalence of overweight and obesity in different countries among people of different gender, age. social and ethnic groups. It also presents and analyses health risks and comorbidities leading to disability and death as reported by domestic and foreign researchers. It was found that obesity has multifactorial pathogenesis directly related to energy balance, consumed and expended calories. The need of a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment and prevention of the disease is emphasized taking into consideration the influence of the environment and increasing urbanization on the development of the pathology as well as the role of government efforts to stimulate physical activity of the population in the framework of integral interdisciplinary programs and control over the quality of food. The priority areas for the correction of overweight include optimization of motor activity and diet correction.

scholarly journals MicroRnA as a diagnostic biomarker in stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-530
Author(s):  
M. P. Topuzova ◽  
T. M. Alekseeva ◽  
E. B. Panina ◽  
T. V. Vavilova
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Cerebral Microcirculation ◽  
Stroke Subtype ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Diagnostic Use ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Acute stroke-induced damage of endothelial cells leads to impaired cerebral microcirculation and significant damage of the brain tissue. Despite recent advances in treatment approaches that improve survival after a stroke, diagnostic approaches aimed at early identification of the pathogenetic stroke subtype remain limited. MicroRNAs are promising biomarkers in stroke. The article reviews data on the relationship of stroke with changes in the levels of certain circulating microRNAs and the opportunities for their diagnostic use.

scholarly journals NUTRITION AS THE RISK FACTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY FROM EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
D. P. Tsygankova ◽  
K. Е. Krivoshapova ◽  
O. L. Barbarash
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Crucial Element

Nutrition is a crucial element of patient management in cardiovascular disorders. Recently, a variety of diets considered, for prevention of obesity as for risk reduction of severe cardiovascular pathology. In most countries there are ongoing studies on various diet models among the population. The review is focused on the range of large epidemiological trials of nutrition in cardiovascular pathology. The tasks discussed and the main results, stronger and weaker aspects of the works represented.

scholarly journals Urinary disorders and bladder-bowel dysfunction in children: approaches to diagnosis, treatment and prevention

2018 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
AB Moiseev ◽  
AA Mironov ◽  
OB Kolbe ◽  
EE Vartapetova ◽  
VV Polunina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Bowel Dysfunction ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Urinary Disorders ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Bladder Bowel Dysfunction ◽  
Urinary Disorder

Pediatric urinary disorders manifested as urinary incontinence, compelling urges to urinate, etc. remain an important problem of contemporary healthcare. In spite of being extensively covered in the literature, urinary disorders, including enuresis, still present a diagnostic challenge to the physicians of primary healthcare facilities. Based on the findings of our retrospective study that revealed discrepancies between referral and final diagnoses of pediatric urinary disorders, we give recommendations to both physicians of primary healthcare facilities and their inpatient care colleagues that will help them to arrive at the correct diagnosis of a urinary disorder or concomitant bladder-bowel dysfunction using the proposed diagnostic algorithm.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP OF MORINGA LEAF CONSUMPTION HABITS AND BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL IN MUNA TRIBE IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Rita Irma ◽  
Emi Widianingsih ◽  
Rasmaniar Rasmaniar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Leaf Consumption ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Working Status ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: In Indonesia, the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has increased. DM can have a significant impact on health that requires serious countermeasures. Moringa leaves have been extensively studied in terms of their efficacy in the treatment and prevention of DM.Objective: To identify the relationship between the habit of consuming Moringa leaves and blood sugar levels of Muna tribe.Method: This study was a cross-sectional study design conducted among local people in the Muna tribe community at Gunung Jati sub-district, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. A total of 81 people was participated selected using a proportional random sampling.Results: The average of frequency consumption of Moringa leaves among Muna tribe was one time a day, with consumption as much as 160 grams/day. The average of normal blood sugar was 103.5 mg/dl. There was no relationship between age, gender, education, working status with the frequency and amount of Moringa leaf intake. Similarly, analysis of blood sugar based on characteristics, there was no relationship between gender, education, working status with blood sugar, but there was a significant relationship between age and blood sugar (p=0.00). There was no relationship between the frequency and amount of moringa leaf intake with blood sugar levels.Conclusion: There was no relationship between the habit of consuming Moringa leaves both in terms of characteristics and blood sugar level among Muna people in the Gunung Jati, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia.

scholarly journals Constitutional psychic human qualities influence on the clinical picture of reflex neurological cervical spine disorders

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Tactile Sensitivity ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches ◽  
Human Constitution ◽  
Human Quality ◽  
Spine Disorders

Objective - to study the constitutional psychic human qualities influence on the symptoms without pain in clinical picture of reflex neurological cervical spine disorders (RNCSD). Methods and subjects. 93 patients (18-44 years old) were examined by clinical-anamnestic, clinical-functional (vertebroneurological), clinical-neurological methods. A.M. Vein’s questionnaire was used and his others diagnostic approaches. Psychic functions of human constitution were studied by temperament type determining with using Eysenck’s EPQ questionnaire. All patients had RNCSD as cervicocranialgia, cervicalgia and cervicobrachialgia. Results and discussion. Muscle-tonic disturbances in the cervical spine segments were morpho-functional basis for RNCSD and clinical symptoms were formed for all sicks from this study. RNCSD characterized by symptoms without pain in clinical picture, except pain. There are pain sensitivity and tactile sensitivity disturbances in the cervical spine segments and dizziness and lack of coordination. Constitutional psychic human qualities were examined and pointed domination temperament types among ills with RNCSD. It are choleric and melancholic temperament types. Differentiation clinical pecularitіes were determined for every temperament type. Constitutional psychic human qualities influence on the forming, many symptoms, expression and hard course RNCSD. Worser being have ills with cervicalgia, cervicocranialgia, cervicobrachialgia whith melancholic and choleric temperament types. Better being and course of RNCSD have sicks with sanguine and phlegmatic temperament types. For treatment and preventions there disorders should considere temperament types. Studies about constitutional approach are relevant. Conclusions. Constitutional psychic human qualities which including in temperament influenced on the clinical picture of RNCSD. It create clinical structure and add different tints to sympthoms coloring. Constitutional psychic human quality can use as predictors of burden cource, choose criteries of treatment and prevention for patients with RNCSD.

scholarly journals Sleep and Obesity: Mechanisms of Association

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-570
Author(s):  
V. A. Dadaeva ◽  
A. A. Aleksandrov ◽  
A. S. Orlova ◽  
O. M. Drapkina
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Epidemiologic studies demonstrate that both prolonged and reduced sleep duration is associated with increased risk of excessive weight and obesity. The aim of the review was to analyze probable mechanisms of association of sleep duration and obesity elucidated in current scientific literature. Several proposed mechanisms of such an association exist: an imbalance of appetite regulating hormones resulting from decreased sleep duration; fatigue or decreased activity during the daytime, leading to sedentary behavior with decreased energy expenditure; changes in eating behavior with increased daily calorie intake. The article gives a comprehensive review of factors, mediating the association of sleep duration and obesity (age, gender, ethnic origin), studies of neurohormonal regulation of sleep in association with obesity (the influence of sleep duration on thermoregulation, appetite center – increased grelin-to-leptin ratio); the relationship of sleep with growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1, with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and non-hormonal factors, stimulating food intake. Data indicating that increased sleep duration is often associated with decreased sleep quality are presented. Besides traditional risk factors – unhealthy diet and decreased physical exercise, specific attention should be given to the problems, associated with sleep disorders to increase the efficacy of treatment and prevention of obesity.

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