scholarly journals The Socioeconomic Status of Polish Pensioners Before and After Migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (344) ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
Sławomir Piotr Pytel ◽  
Iwona Kiniorska
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

The aim of this paper is to describe the socioeconomic status of migrating seniors before and after migration. This analysis will enable us to determine whether the overall effect of their migrations is a positive one or a negative one. In order to determine subjective reasons for migrations, questionnaire surveys are used. An analysis of the responses allows us to compare the migrants’ living conditions before and after migration with a view to confirming or rejecting Wolpert’s (1965) assumptions and to describe the role of migrations in meeting pensioners’ needs. Our study confirms the approach of Wolpert (1965), assuming that the behaviour of migrants, including migrating pensioners, is determined by place utility, i.e. the sum of advantages to be obtained by the migrant. The pensioners who migrated are well‑off, our respondents report that they are able to meet all their needs if spending money prudently.  

scholarly journals AUTHORSHIP AS "THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE WORKING MAN" IN THE AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL BOOKS OF URAL WORKERS OF THE 1930s

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
M. A. Litovskaуа ◽  
◽  
Iu. S. Podlubnova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Form ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
Iron Mine ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Fictional Autobiography

The article analyzes the phenomenon of the so called author-worker, who turned to literary creativity and created a fictional autobiography, in which the living conditions of the proletarian before and after the revolution of 1917 were opposed. In the historical and literary context, the author considers, in particular, the role of the UralAPP, which predetermined the creation of the novels "I Love" (1933) by Aleksandr Avdeenko and "My Life" (1936) by Agrippina Korevanova, the story "My School" (1934) by Aleksei Bondin, and memoirs of workers of the Vysokogorsky iron mine “True stories of the mount Vysokaya” (1935). The role of Maksim Gorky in the final editing and publication of these works is noted. In the 1930s, he repeatedly attempted to find the sources for “human rebirth” under the influence of new living conditions. Institutionally, these efforts resulted in the creation of a number of autobiographical books – "historical documents", by Gorky’s definition, the authors of which – the proletarians, exotic for the written culture, demonstrated the emergence of a new Soviet subject. They created texts from which the editors removed most of the traces of the author's lack of culture, lack of mastery of the word, leaving the hero's story about overcoming lack of culture. The autobiographical hero, endowed with the will to culture, emerges from the "darkness", an important part of which is the very proletarian existence. Reading and then writing are portrayed as the main result of the "shock work" of the author and the state, which provided the subject with the opportunity to master a complex form of self-presentation – a detailed fictional autobiography, become a writer and change radically his social status, taking the highest place in the symbolic hierarchy of professions in the same field as the well-known "masters" of written culture.

Transcriptomic analysis of genes involved in reproduction at different ages in Daphnia pulex (Branchiopoda, Cladocera)

Crustaceana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1311-1335
Author(s):  
Chun-Yang Guo ◽  
Xiao Cao ◽  
Chong-Yuan Lin ◽  
Meng-Di Liu ◽  
Shan-Liang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cyclical Parthenogenesis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Parthenogenetic Reproduction

Abstract Daphnia pulex is a freshwater microcrustacean that is known for its cyclical parthenogenesis. In D. pulex, parthenogenetic reproduction switches to sexual reproduction when the living conditions worsen. However, this transformation also occurs over age under favourable living conditions. Thus, there might be a relationship between aging and reproductive conversion. We performed Illumina RNA sequencing, generating 51 712 680 and 59 854 588 raw reads from 1 day-old D. pulex and 25 day-old D. pulex, respectively. From these reads, 60 776 transcripts were assembled and 36 569 (60.15%) unigenes were annotated. A number of significantly differentially expressed genes associated with growth, aging, and reproduction were identified and Quantitative real-time PCR for six genes confirmed the transcriptome data. RNA interference (RNAi) of the caspase-3 gene (casp3) that is a key gene for growth, development, aging, and reproduction, was conducted, which achieved an 80% reduction in casp3 mRNA expression. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of upstream genes jnk and akt, and sir2 (encoding a substrate of casp3) were also detected. The change of jnk mRNA expression before and after RNAi was not significant () and the mRNA levels of sir2 decreased, while akt increased after casp3 RNAi (). The results indicated the interrelationships of some genes in the senescence pathway and helped to identify the molecular mechanism of the aging progress in D. pulex. Overall, the difference in mRNA expression profile during aging of D. pulex forms a basis for further studies aimed at understanding the role of the transcriptional level in regulating aging and reproductive transformation.

Child and Adolescent Suicides in Bosnia and Herzegovina Before and After the War (1992–1995)

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almir Fajkic ◽  
Orhan Lepara ◽  
Martin Voracek ◽  
Nestor D. Kapusta ◽  
Thomas Niederkrotenthaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sex And Age Differences

Background: Evidence on youth suicides from Southeastern Europe is scarce. We are not aware of previous reports from Bosnia and Herzegovina, which experienced war from 1992 to 1995. Durkheim’s theory of suicide predicts decreased suicide rates in wartime and increased rates afterward. Aims: To compare child and adolescent suicides in Bosnia and Herzegovina before and after the war. Methods: Data on youth suicide for prewar (1986–90) and postwar (2002–06) periods were analyzed with respect to prevalence, sex and age differences, and suicide methods. Suicide data from 1991 through 2001 were not available. Results: Overall youth suicide rates were one-third lower in the postwar than in the prewar period. This effect was most pronounced for girls, whose postwar suicide rates almost halved, and for 15–19-year-old boys, whose rates decreased by about a one-fourth. Suicides increased among boys aged 14 or younger. Firearm suicides almost doubled proportionally and were the predominant postwar method, while the most common prewar method had been hanging. Conclusions: The findings from this study indicate the need for public education in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the role of firearm accessibility in youth suicide and for instructions on safe storage in households. Moreover, raising societal awareness about suicide risk factors and suicide prevention is needed.

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

SUBLINGUAL VITAMIN D3 DRUG THERAPY IN VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY PATIENTS AT PRAVARA RURAL HOSPITAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Sanjeeva Kumar Goud T ◽  
Rahul Kunkulol
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

The present study was aimed to study the effect of Sublingual Vitamin D3 on Serum Vitamin D level in Vitamin D deficiency patients. This was a cross-sectional and interventional study. All the Vitamin D deficiency patients of age 18-60years and either gender, willing to participate in the study were included. Patients who had greater than 20 ng/ml were excluded from the study. The total number of participants in our study was 200, out of these 111 males and 89 females, the mean age in our study was 51.07 ± 7.39Yrs. All volunteers were given sublingual vitamin D3 (60,000IU) in six doses every fifteen days of follow up for 3 months. The subject’s serum 25(OH)D levels were estimated before and after the treatment of sublingual vitamin D3. There was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D3 level before 16.61±6.71 ng/ml and after 35.80±7.80 ng/ml after treatment with Sublingual Vitamin D3. Six doses of 60,000IU of Vitamin D3 sublingual route having improved the role of serum 25(OH)D levels in the treatment of Vitamin D3 deficiency patients.Keywords: Vitamin D3; Sublingual route

Arthroscopy in Arthrosis: Is It Worth it? A case Presentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2232-2235
Author(s):  
Marius Moga ◽  
Mark Edward Pogarasteanu ◽  
Antoine Edu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Loose Body ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Joint Range

The role of arthroscopy in incipient and mild arthrosis, even combined with proximal tibial ostetomy, is well known and well documented. On the other hand, its role in the treatment of advanced arthrosis of the large joints, especially the knee, is a subject of controversy. The proponents of the use of arthroscopy in advanced arthrosis claim that meniscectomy, synovectomy, ostophytectomy, chondral lesion stabilization, arthroscopic release, plica and loose body removal greatly improve the quality of life for most patients, especially if followed by the use of viscoelastic injection, by diminishing pain and improving joint range of motion. The opponents claim that, even though the advantages are clear in the cases that refuse arthroplasty, in all the other cases the surgical indication should be total knee arthroplasty, as the clinical relief is temporary, but with all the risks of a surgical intervention. We have conducted an overview of the recent literature, in order to find objective evidence to sustain either point of view. We focused on articles published that included an objective measurement of before and after clinical status through clinical scores and objective measurements. We also focused on the follow-up period and on the evolution of the pathology after arthroscopy.

Study of Possible Relation between Fasting Plasma Glucagon, Gestational Diabetes and Development of Type 2 DM

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Okba ◽  
Salwa Seddik Hosny ◽  
Alyaa Elsherbeny ◽  
Manal Mohsin Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Two Phases

Background and Aims: Women who develop GDM (gestational diabetes mellitus) have a relative insulin secretion deficiency, the severity of which may be predictive for later development of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the role of fasting plasma glucagon in the prediction of later development of diabetes in pregnant women with GDM. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 150 pregnant women with GDM after giving informed oral and written consents and being approved by the research ethical committee according to the declaration of Helsinki. The study was conducted in two phases, first phase during pregnancy and the second one was 6 months post-partum, as we measured fasting plasma glucagon before and after delivery together with fasting and 2 hour post-prandial plasma sugar. Results: Our findings suggested that glucagon levels significantly increased after delivery in the majority 14/25 (56%) of GDM women who developed type 2 DM within 6 months after delivery compared to 6/20 (30%) patients with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) and only 22/105 (20%) non DM women, as the median glucagon levels were 80,76, 55, respectively. Also, there was a high statistical difference between fasting plasma glucagon post-delivery among diabetic and non-diabetic women (p ≤ 0.001). These results indicated the useful role of assessing fasting plasma glucagon before and after delivery in patients with GDM to predict the possibility of type 2 DM. Conclusion: There is a relatively high glucagon level in GDM patients, which is a significant pathogenic factor in the incidence of subsequent diabetes in women with a history of GDM. This could be important in the design of follow-up programs for women with previous GDM.

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