Screening of Fenugreek Genotypes Against Wilt under Natural Field Condition and Artificially Inoculated Condition

Root rot/Charcoal rot, <italic>Alternaia</italic> leaf spot, Bacterial pustule and Yellow Mosaic Virus are important one disease in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. Thirty advance lines of soybean were screened for these diseases in protected and un-protected condition under natural field conditions and results revealed that four entries viz.NRC-94, JS-20-69, JS 20-71 and KDS- 699 were shown Resistant High Yield (R-HY) reaction to disease complex while NRC-92, KDS 705, KDS-378 and JS 20-41 exhibit Susceptible High Yield Tolerance (S-HY (T)) reaction to disease complex. Only one entry (SL-958) initiates Resistant Low Yield (R-LY) reaction. Rest of the tested advance lines showed Susceptible Low Yield (S-LY) reaction.

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Evaluation of six pesticides leaching indexes using field data of herbicide application in Casablanca Valley, Chile

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2007.486 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 169-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

M. Kogan ◽

S. Rojas ◽

P. Gómez ◽

F. Suárez ◽

J.F. Muñoz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Data ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Bare Soil ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Natural Field ◽

Soil Movement ◽

Natural Rainfall ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Natural Field Condition

A field study was performed to evaluate the accuracy of six pesticide screening leaching indexes for herbicide movement. Adsorption, dissipation and soil movement were studied in a vineyard in a sandy loam soil during 2005 season. Simazine, diuron, pendimethalin, oxyfluorfen and flumioxazin were applied to bare soil at rates commonly used, and their soil concentrations throughout soil profile were determined at 0, 10, 20, 40 and 90 days after application (DAA). Herbicides were subjected to two pluviometric regimens, natural field condition and modified conditions (plus natural rainfall 180 mm). Leaching indexes utilized were: Briggs's Rf, Hamaker's Rf, LEACH, LPI, GUS and LIX. Simazine reached 120 cm, diuron 90 cm, flumioxazin 30 cm soil depth respectively. Pendimethalin and oxyfluorfen were retained up to 5 cm. None of the herbicides leaching was affected by rainfall regimen. Only flumioxazin field dissipation was clearly affected by pluviometric condition. The best representation of the herbicide soil depth movement and leaching below 15 cm soil depth were: Hamaker's Rf < Briggs's Rf<GUS<LPI,<LEACH<LIX. Field results showed a good correlation between herbicides Kd and their soil depth movement and mass leached below 15 cm soil depth.

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Screening of sugarcane genotypes against Top Borer (Scirpophaga exerptalis Walker) infestation

Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources ◽

10.3126/janr.v4i2.33694 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 148-154

Author(s):

Kapil Paudel ◽

Naresh Dangi ◽

Anisur Rahman Ansari ◽

Rashmi Regmi

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Plant Resistance ◽

Host Plant Resistance ◽

Susceptible Genotype ◽

Sugarcane Research ◽

Natural Field ◽

Lattice Design ◽

Top Borer ◽

Natural Field Condition ◽

Resistant Genotypes

Fourty sugarcane genotypes with different period of maturity were evaluated against top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker) infestation under natural field condition during 2018 and 2019 at National Sugarcane Research Program, Jeetpur, Nepal. The experiment was conducted in alpha-lattice design under natural condition of infestation using Co 0238 as susceptible check. Based on the incidence, 26 genotypes were categorized as less susceptible, eleven genotypes were found moderately susceptible to S. excerptalis. However, among less susceptible genotypes lowest incidence of 3.11 percent was recorded in genotype CoS 8432. Whereas, highest incidence of 25.24 percent was recorded in highly susceptible genotype, CoSe 98255BD 24. Most of the cane genotypes were found low to moderately susceptible, having 5 to 20% incidence of the pest. Whereas, some of the varieties, namely CoH 160 (21.22%), CoSe 95255 BD 24 (25.24%) and BO 150 (22.02%) were found highly susceptible. The mechanism responsible for host plant resistance against top borer is not studied in this experimentation. The study in these aspects is to be conducted to explore the mechanisms of host plant resistance for using these resistant genotypes for breeding purpose.

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Screening of Tuberose Cultivars against Leaf Spot (Alternaria polyanthi) and its Management

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal ◽

10.18805/ag.d-5289 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

N. Mazumder ◽

S.K. Borah ◽

K.K. Deka

Keyword(s):

Leaf Spot ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Natural Field ◽

Flower Yield ◽

Disease Reduction ◽

Natural Field Condition ◽

Cent Disease ◽

Resistant Genotypes

Background: Tuberose flower has been found to be affected by various fungal and viral diseases which affect growth and cause loss in flower yield. Among them, leaf spot incited by Aternaria polianthi is an important fungal disease in tuberose. The incidence of the disease is common in the both single and double-type tuberose varieties due to prevalence of high rainfall and humid conditions. During survey it was found that the disease incidence was increasing gradually causing economic losses in Assam. Methods: The field trial was carried out during kharif seasons (2015 -18) to test the efficacy of six fungicides against leaf spot of tuberose (Var. Local single petal) caused by Alternaria polyantha. Four sprays with fungicides at an interval of seven days starting from the first appearance of the disease symptom were done. Per cent disease incidence (%) with growth parameters were recorded one week after the last spray. Another field experiment for screening the resistant genotypes was conducted using 11 tuberose genotypes during kharif seasons (2016-17 and 2017-18). Result: Eleven tuberose cultivars (Bidhan Ranjani-1, Bidhan Ranjani-2, Arka Nirantara, GK-TC-4, Prajwal, Phule Rajani, Local Single, Local Double, Vaibhav, Suhashini and Shringer) were screened against leaf spot caused by A.polyanthi under natural field condition. None of the cultivars were found to be immune or resistant, while three cultivars viz., GK-TC-4, Bidhan Rajani-1 and Arka Nirantara showed moderate resistant reaction with recorded per cent disease incidence of 16.11, 18.17 and 18.71, respectively. Spraying with azoxystrobin, difenoconazole and a combo fungicide consisting of iprodione (25%) + carbendazim (25%), at 0.1% recorded lowest per cent disease incidence of 7.91, 9.83 and 11.85% compared to control (33.62 PDI) with per cent disease reduction of 70.59%, 64.61% and 76.31%, respectively.

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Molecular tagging of botrytis grey mould disease in chickpea

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-3925 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ranjana . ◽

Anju Arora ◽

R. K. Panwar ◽

S.K. Verma

Keyword(s):

Resistance Gene ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Grey Mould ◽

Disease Reaction ◽

Natural Field ◽

Molecular Tagging ◽

Natural Exposure ◽

Natural Field Condition ◽

Polymorphic Bands ◽

Moderately Resistant

Validation of two primers TA144 and TR29 for their linkage with botrytis grey mould resistance gene was studied in twenty genotypes of chickpea including resistant (GL10006) and susceptible (DCP92-3) checks. The genotypes were also scored for disease reaction under natural exposure at hot spot location. Molecular analysis with primers TA144 and TR29 showed polymorphic bands in GL10006 and DCP92-3. Therefore, it can be concluded that the primers are linked with resistance gene. The genotypes that showed amplicons with both the primers at same or nearby positions of resistant check were HK-2, HK-4, BG-1003, KAK-2 and GNG-1969 and indicated as resistant or moderately resistant ones. The above genotypes were also found resistant under natural field condition. Thus both the primers TA144 and TR29 showed good correlation with phenotypic evaluation in most of the genotypes studied. In future, more number of primers nearby the resistance gene(s) can be tried for their contribution towards overall disease reaction.

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Somaclonal Variation in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Using Chemical Mutagens

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v12i1.19572 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 15-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

ME Hoque ◽

MN Morshad

Keyword(s):

Somaclonal Variation ◽

Field Condition ◽

First Generation ◽

In Vitro Regeneration ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Chemical Mutagens ◽

Methane Sulphonate ◽

Leaf Formation ◽

Natural Field Condition

An experiment was conducted with three popular potato varieties viz. Cardinal, Diamant and Asterix to create somaclonal variation in potato. The chemical mutagens viz. Ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), Methyl methane sulphonate (MMS), 5-Bromo Uracil (BU) and 2,4-D were used in three different concentration (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/L). Among them only 2,4-D regenerated callus in potato. Higher concentration (4.0 mg/L) of 2,4-D showed variant type of callus, which regenerated abnormal plantlet and some of the plantlets died within 45 days after inoculation. The higher concentration (4.0 mg/L) of EMS, MMS and BU showed huge abnormality on in vitro regeneration in all three varieties of potato. Thin stem, deformed shoot development and very less leaf formation were observed in 2.0 mg/L and 4.0 mg/L of EMS, MMS and BU. Due to toxic effect some of the plantlets died. The mutagen treated variants were acclimatized in plastic tray and subsequently in the field condition. It was noticed that, only 37.16% plants survived in natural field condition. Morphological characterization and yield potentiality of all somaclones were studied. It revealed that only one variants viz. SVP-53 showed higher yield as compared with two check varieties. The first generation mini tubers were kept for further research. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19572 The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 15-25

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Efficacy of Different Plant Extracts on Fusarium Wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum in Chillies under Field Condition

10.22192/ijarbs.2021.08.12.012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 118-122

Author(s):

Nouman Malik ◽

◽

Amer Habib ◽

Muhammad Kamil Malik ◽

Muhammad Zubair ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Wilt ◽

Field Condition ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Block Design ◽

Vegetable Crop ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Capsicum Annum ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Natural Field Condition ◽

Important Disease

Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) is vegetable crop belongs to family Solanaceae. It is an important source of vitamin A and C. In developing countries most of chilli diseases are due to fungal attack and cause severe losses in yield. Fusarium wilt of chilli which is caused by Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. capsici is an important disease of chilli which causes heavy yield losses in Pakistan. Present research was planned to evaluate effect of different concentrations of plant based phyto-extracts against Fusarium wilt on chilli pathogen under natural field condition. In research trails the leave extract of Euclayptus globulus, Cassia fistula, Moringa oleifera, Vachellia nilotica and Azadirachta indica were evaluated in the management of fusarium wilt. These trails were planned under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Three concentrations of above mentioned leaf extracts were used 20%, 30% and 40%. At 40% Eucalyptus, Moringa and Azadiracta gave best results with maximum reduction in Fusarium wilt. While all other extracts results were also satisfactory. So we can use these botanicals as a control for this disease in chilli. Keywords: Capsicum annum, Fusarium wilt, Fusarium oxysporium, Phyto-extracts.

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