scholarly journals Efficacy of Different Plant Extracts on Fusarium Wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum in Chillies under Field Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Nouman Malik ◽  
◽  
Amer Habib ◽  
Muhammad Kamil Malik ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Field Condition ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Natural Field Condition ◽  
Important Disease

Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) is vegetable crop belongs to family Solanaceae. It is an important source of vitamin A and C. In developing countries most of chilli diseases are due to fungal attack and cause severe losses in yield. Fusarium wilt of chilli which is caused by Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. capsici is an important disease of chilli which causes heavy yield losses in Pakistan. Present research was planned to evaluate effect of different concentrations of plant based phyto-extracts against Fusarium wilt on chilli pathogen under natural field condition. In research trails the leave extract of Euclayptus globulus, Cassia fistula, Moringa oleifera, Vachellia nilotica and Azadirachta indica were evaluated in the management of fusarium wilt. These trails were planned under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Three concentrations of above mentioned leaf extracts were used 20%, 30% and 40%. At 40% Eucalyptus, Moringa and Azadiracta gave best results with maximum reduction in Fusarium wilt. While all other extracts results were also satisfactory. So we can use these botanicals as a control for this disease in chilli. Keywords: Capsicum annum, Fusarium wilt, Fusarium oxysporium, Phyto-extracts.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN NIMBA (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) DALAM MENGATASI SERANGAN LIRIOMYZA SPP PADA TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH LEMBAH PALU

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Arfan ◽  
Ratnawati ◽  
Hasmari Noer ◽  
Lisa Indriani ◽  
Asli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
The Real ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Central Sulawesi

The purposes of this research the examine the effectiveness various concentrations neem leaf ekstract on the intensity of attack Liriomyza spp on shallot Lembah Palu variety . Field research was carried out in Guntarano Village, Tanantovea Subdistrict, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi.  This research conducted from February to April 2016 .The experiment was done using Randomized Complete Block  Design with three replications, consists of six  treatments, i.e. P0 : control (without aplication neem leaf ekstract); P1: neem leaf ekstract 10 gr /litre;  P2 : neem leaf ekstract 20 gr / litre; P3 : neem leaf ekstract 30 gr / litre; P4 : neem leaf ekstract 40 gr / litre; P5 : neem leaf ekstract 50 gr / litre. To find out the effect of threatment, the analysis of variance, and the real influence is continued with the standard  ά = 0.05 BNT test.  The results showed that use of seed and leaf extracts of neem plant can control Liriomyza spp attack, only 3,04 percent of attack rate and shallot Lembah Palu variety productivity is 3,02/area.

scholarly journals Effect of Natural and Synthetic Mulches on Yield and Yield Attributing Parameters of Chili (Capsicum annum L. Solanaceae)

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Rajesh Neupane ◽  
Subin Babu Neupane ◽  
Bhawana Acharya ◽  
Shikshya Parajuli ◽  
Nischal Oli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Transparent Plastic ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Post Hoc

Aims: Production of chili (Capsicum annuum Linnaeus; Solanaceae) in rain-fed regions of Nepal during the winter is constrained by the limited availability of soil moisture. Mulching has been a proven tool to conserve soil moisture and enhance yield. A field study was conducted in the winter of 2019 to identify the most suitable mulch that enhances the yield and yield attributing parameters of chili. Study Design: Seven treatments with three replications were evaluated under the randomized complete block design. Among the treatments, rice straw (5 kg/plot) and water reed (5 kg/plot) were used as natural mulches. While, plastic mulches: transparent (25 µ), silver (25 µ), black (25 µ), and black thick (50 µ) (double thickness) were used as synthetic mulches. Only soil with no mulch was the control. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Bangau, Dang, Nepal from November 2019 to May 2020. Methodology: We measured soil temperature at 10 cm depth using soil thermometer, and calculated soil moisture through oven dry method. Similarly, weight of ten fresh and ten dry fruits was recorded from each plot using an electronic scale. Number of fruits per plant was also counted. All the data were analyzed using ANOVA and means were separated following a post hoc test. Results: The highest soil moisture (18.38%), number of fruits per plant (24.91), fruit fresh weight per ten fruits (59.86 g), and fruit dry weight per ten fruits (14.65 g) were recorded in black thick plastic mulched plots. Furthermore, the lowest fresh weed weight (95.30 g) was also measured in black thick plastic mulched plots. Whereas, the highest soil temperature (18.92°C) was recorded in transparent plastic mulched plots. Conclusion: This study concludes black thick plastic as the most effective among the treatments tested in this study in enhancing yield and yield attributing parameters of chili.

scholarly journals INDUKSI KETAHANAN TERHADAP PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI PADA TANAMAN PADI DI LAPANGAN MENGGUNAKAN RIZOBAKTERI INDIGENOS

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Andi Khaeruni ◽  
Abdul Rahim ◽  
Syair Syair ◽  
Adriani Adriani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetative Plant ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Important Disease

ABSTRACTInduced resistance to bacterial leaf blight disease in rice field by indigenous rhizobacteria.  Bacterial leaf blight is the most important disease on paddy at Southeast Sulawesi. Utilization of biological agents that induce plant resistance is an alternative tool to control bacterial leaf blight disease on paddy. The aim of  the experiment was obtain rhizobacteria that were able to stimulate the growth of paddy plants as well induce plant resistance towards bacterial leaf blight in the field. All experiment units were arranged with a factorial design in a randomized complete block design. The first factor was the rhizobacteria isolates, consisting 4 treatments, i.e: without rhizobacteria (R0), isolate P11a (R1), isolate PKLK5 (IR2), and  mixture P11a and PKLK5 (R3), the second factor is paddy varieties, (V1): IR64 variety, (V2): Cisantana variety. The pathogen was inoculated on leaf when 45 day after crop.  Weekly observation of disease severity, vegetative plant growth (leaf and stem numbers), and yield were conducted. The results showed that the 10 isolates of rhizobacteria tested were able to induce plant resistance toward bacterial leaf blight, stimulated vegetative growth as well as increased yield of paddy plant. Rhizobacteria application could increase the resistance of paddy toward Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The application rhizobacteria could increase the vegetative plant growth, application  mixture P11a and PKLK5 isolates showed higher resistance than single application in terms of plant growth and yield, both IR64 and Cisantana varietes

GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSE OF FOLIAR APPLICATION WITH MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAF EXTRACT ON OKRO

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
AKILAPA, TEMITOPE PETER ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The use of chemical fertilizers to improve soil fertility, and hence, crop yield, have been reported to have adverse effects on agricultural products, man and his environment, hence, this research looked into the growth and yield response of foliar application with Moringa oleifera leaf extract on Okro. Different concentrations of Moringa leaf extracts at the rate of 5ml, 15ml and 25ml was assessed on the growth and yield of Okro using topsoil as the growing medium. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Growth and yield parameters were collected on plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of fruits per plant, and length of fruit per plant. Parameters measured were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% probability level. The results showed that the treatment with 25ml concentration has a more significant effect than others on Okro. Therefore, treatment with 25ml performed better than the other two treatments in the study area. Hence, this study recommends the foliar application of Moringa extract to farmers for improved yield and production of Okro.

scholarly journals Effects of Pyraclostrobin on Growth and Yield of Curly Red Chili (Capsicum Annum L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 009
Author(s):  
Arizal Nur Hardiansyah ◽  
Endang Sulistyaningsih ◽  
Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Stem Leaf

Curly red chili was one of vegetable commodities in Indonesia used for seasoning of home cuisine, food industry, and pharmaceutical industry. Curly red chili cultivation needed fungicide to prevent fungal disease. Pyraclostrobin was a fungicide which could overcome fungal attack and improve plant growth. This research was conducted to study the effectiveness of pyraclostrobin application on vegetative growth of curly red chili plant. Research had been done in farmer’s land in Kemiriombo Village, Dukun Sub District, Muntilan District, Magelang Regency from December 2013 to June 2014. The treatments were assigned in the Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The treatments consisted of P1: pyraclostrobin doses 1.5 kg ha-1, 30 and 90 days after planting (dap), P2: pyraclostrobin 1.5 kg ha-1 at 30, 60, and 90 dap, P3: pyraclostrobin 1.5 kg ha-1, at 15, 30, 60, and 90 dap, P4: pyraclostrobin 3 kg ha-1, at 30 and 90 dap, P5: pyraclostrobin 3 kg ha-1, at 30, 60, and 90 dap, P6: pyraclostrobin 3 kg ha-1, at 15, 30, 60, and 90 dap, and P0: control (no treatment). Data were analyzed by orthogonal contrast test with α=5%. The result indicated significant different in the dry weights of root, stem, leaf, and total yield at 12 weeks after planting; number of flower at 9-11 week after planting, 14 week after planting, and 18-21 week after planting; and number of fruits at 10-12 week after planting, 15, and 16 week after planting. The application of pyraclostrobin at all dosages could increase IAA content. The numbers of flower and fruit were influenced by the increasing of IAA content in plant tissue, but did not affect the yield.

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacy of Tephrosia vogelii and Moringa oleifera against Insect Pests of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thumb)

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.O. Alao ◽  
T.A. Adebayo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Insecticidal Efficacy ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Tephrosia Vogelii ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Fast Acting

Despite the fact that synthetic insecticides are fast acting, they constitute environmental hazard thereby necessitating the use of ecologically based alternative such as plant based insecticide. This experiment was conducted during the late and early planting seasons of 2011 to determine the insecticidal efficacy of Tephrosia vogelii and Moringa oleifera extracts at three tested concentrations (5, 10 and 20% v/v) against insect pests of watermelon. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results showed that M. oleifera extracts had 62% reduction of Phyllotreta cruciferae compared with T. vogelii which had 45% control. However, T. vogelii extracts had 64% control of Diabrotica undecimpunctata and Bactrocera curcubitea but M. olefera extracts had 50% control. The plant extracts proved effective against studied insects when compared with untreated plots. However, the effectiveness of the two plants extracts were concentration dependent. Therefore, the two plant extracts can be used in the control of insect pests of the watermelon

scholarly journals Peran Waktu Inokulasi Meloidogyne dalam Meningkatkan Infeksi Patogen Busuk Pangkal pada Bawang Putih

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Budi Handayani ◽  
Hadi Wiyono ◽  
Subagya Subagya
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Basal Rot ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Inoculation Time ◽  
Important Disease

<p>Basal rot was an important disease in garlic caused by <em>Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae </em>(FOCe) and a major obstacle in garlic cultivation. Root knot nematodes (<em>Meloidogyne</em>) is endoparasitic nematodes causing plants become more susceptible to fungal pathogen infection. This research aimed to study the effect of double inoculation FOCe and Meloidogyne, and current inoculation against disease severity of basal root. The research was conducted through experimental procedures and prepared based on a randomized complete block design, with two factors consisting of three levels inoculation time. The first factor was FOCe and the second factor was Meloidogyne. The results showed that Meloidogyne presence could increase the disease severity of basal rot of garlic. Garlic was inoculated at 35 days after planting (dap) by Meloidogyne and FOCe cause the most severe disease of basal rot.</p>

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacy of Tephrosia vogelii and Moringa oleifera against Insect Pests of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thumb)

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.O. Alao ◽  
T.A. Adebayo
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phyllotreta Cruciferae ◽  
Insecticidal Efficacy ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Tephrosia Vogelii ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Fast Acting

Despite the fact that synthetic insecticides are fast acting, they constitute environmental hazard thereby necessitating the use of ecologically based alternative such as plant based insecticide. This experiment was conducted during the late and early planting seasons of 2011 to determine the insecticidal efficacy of Tephrosia vogelii and Moringa oleifera extracts at three tested concentrations (5, 10 and 20% v/v) against insect pests of watermelon. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results showed that M. oleifera extracts had 62% reduction of Phyllotreta cruciferae compared with T. vogelii which had 45% control. However, T. vogelii extracts had 64% control of Diabrotica undecimpunctata and Bactrocera curcubitea but M. olefera extracts had 50% control. The plant extracts proved effective against studied insects when compared with untreated plots. However, the effectiveness of the two plants extracts were concentration dependent. Therefore, the two plant extracts can be used in the control of insect pests of the watermelon

scholarly journals Influence of Nematicide Application on the Severity of the Root-Knot Nematode-Fusarium Wilt Disease Complex in Cotton

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Colyer ◽  
T. L. Kirkpatrick ◽  
W. D. Caldwell ◽  
P. R. Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Disease Complex ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Boll Weight ◽  
Similar Yield

Eight cotton cultivars, with and without aldicarb treatment, were evaluated for their effect on the severity of the root-knot nematode-Fusarium wilt disease complex in cotton. A randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement of treatments was used with cotton cultivars as the main plots and nematicide treatments as the subplots. Results in 1994 and 1995 were similar. Yield of lint, boll weight, and wilt and root-gall ratings were different among cultivars and between nematicide treatments both years. Increased lint yield and boll weight, and reduced root-gall and wilt ratings were associated with application of aldicarb. Increased lint percentage was associated with application of aldicarb in 1994, but not in 1995. Fiber micronaire, elongation, uniformity, and strength were different among cultivars, but not between nematicide treatments. Fiber length (UHM; Upper-Half Mean) was different among cultivars and was higher in the aldicarb-treated plots in both years. Numbers of Meloidogyne incognita second stage juveniles and eggs extracted from soil samples were lower in the aldicarb-treated plots in July, but not at harvest, both years. Population densities of M. incognita were not different among cultivars, except the mid-season sample in 1995.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ORGANO- BASED FOLIAR FERTILIZER ON CHLOROPHYLL AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF OKRA VARIETIES IN DERIVED SAVANAH OF NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-131
Author(s):  
P. O. AKINTOKUN ◽  
D. U. AMUOFU ◽  
M. R. OSHO
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Tropics

Cultivation of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) which is a commonly grown vegetable crop in the tropics is constrained by depleting soil fertility. Use of foliar fertilizer as a supplement has been successfully reported in the temperate region hence there is need to determine the effect of foliar liquid fertilizer on okra growth and nutritional quality. Field experiments were conducted at the Abeokuta (Federal University of Agriculture [FUNAAB] ) and Ibadan (National Horticulture Research Institute [NIHORT] ), between May and August 2015 to evaluate the response of two okra varieties to types and rates of organic-based foliar fertilizer application. Experiment was a 2 × 2 × 5 factorial combinations laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates at both locations. Factors were okra variety (LD88 and NHae47-4), the fertilizer types (D.I. Grow Green ® and D.I.Grow Red®) and four rate of foliar applications (0 [control], 300, 600 and 900 ml/ha) while NPK 15:15:15 served as check. The results showed that the D.I.Grow Red® at 300ml/ha produced the higher Ash (8.23%), fat (2.54%,), moisture (14.65%),  and carbohydrate (47.31%)  at Abeokuta while 600 ml/ha produced significantly the higher ash, crude fibre, moisture and carbohydrate (9.37%, 15.94%, 9.13%, and 52.02%), respectively in Ibadan. The study concluded that okra variety LD88 had superior growth performance. Application of D.I.Grow Red® at the rate of 300 ml/ha at Abeokuta and 600 ml/ha at Ibadan enhance fruit nutritional quality of okra. Therefore, 300 and 600 ml/ha is recommended to farmers in Abeokuta and Ibadan, respectively.    

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