scholarly journals Evaluation of Optimal Doses for Gamma Rays and Sodium Azide in Linseed Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Jahan ◽  
Saima Malik ◽  
Shazia Bi Ansari ◽  
Samiullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Survival Result ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
Different Doses

Background: Linseed is one of the most important medicinal plants grown for its various health benefits. The seeds of linseed contain a good and essential fatty acid profile that is omega-3 fatty acid/Alpha linolenic acid. It helps in the prevention of various disease including inflammation, cardiovascular problems, cancer, diabetes etc. Induced mutagenesis is an easy and cost effective technique to induce desired genetic variability, which either does not occur naturally or is not accessible to plant breeders. Genetic variability is enhanced by the influence of various chemical or physical mutagens. The usefulness of any mutagen relies not only on its efficiency but also on its effectiveness. Methods: Dry and healthy seeds of linseed (var. Padmini and IC0096650) were treated with different doses of gamma rays and sodium azide. The experiment was conducted during Rabi season of November 2016-March 2017. The selection of optimum doses of mutagens through the determination of LD50 values has been calculated on the basis of the seed germination as well as plant survival. Result: The present investigation reveals genotypic response of two linseed varieties towards different doses of gamma rays and sodium azide. Variety IC0096650 exhibited higher degree of sensitivity than variety Padmini with respect to the mutagens used. Results showed that 200Gy dose of gamma rays and 0.4% dose of sodium azide was the maximum non-lethal strength of the respective mutagen for the induction of the mutation in linseed genotypes.

scholarly journals The Fatty Acid Profile in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Diabetes: Why It Could Be Unsuspected

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Castro-Correia ◽  
S. Sousa ◽  
S. Norberto ◽  
C. Matos ◽  
V. F. Domingues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Diabetes Group ◽  
Diabetic Children ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes

Context. Several studies have shown a link between proinflammatory activity and the presence or deficit of some fatty acids. Inflammation is associated with several diseases including diabetes.Objective. To characterize and compare the fatty acids profiles in children with inaugural type 1 diabetes, diabetic children (at least 1 year after diagnosis), and healthy children.Design. Plasma fatty acids profiles in children with inaugural diabetes, children with noninaugural diabetes, and controls, all of whom were prepubescent with a BMI < 85th percentile, were evaluated.Results. Omega-3 fatty acid levels were higher in recently diagnosed subjects with diabetes than in controls. The ratio of omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids was higher in the control population. Omega-6 fatty acid levels were higher in the nonrecent diabetic subjects than in the children with recently diagnosed diabetes, and the levels were higher in the nonrecent diabetes group compared to the control group.Conclusion. Our findings showed higher levels of alpha-linolenic acid, EPA, and DHA, as well as mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, in diabetic children. These findings reinforce the importance of precocious nutritional attention and intervention in the treatment of diabetic children.

scholarly journals Spectrum and Frequency of Mutations Induced by Gamma Radiations in Three Varieties of Nigerian Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Muhammad Liman MUHAMMAD ◽  
Ahmed Olamide FALUSI ◽  
Matthew Omoniyi ADEBOLA ◽  
Onyedi David OYEDUM ◽  
Aishatu Adamu GADO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Leaf Axil ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Gamma Radiations ◽  
Different Doses

Insufficient genetic variability is one of the major problems of plant breeding programmes, especially in sesame. Gamma radiation has been reported to be very effective in creating genetic variability in plants. Three varieties of Nigerian sesame were assessed for spectrum and frequency of mutation induced by Gamma radiations in M1 and M2 generations. The varieties (NCRIBEN-04E, NCRIBEN-01M and NCRIBEN-03L) were treated with four different doses of gamma rays (250, 350, 450 and 550 Gy). The treated and untreated seeds (control) were sown in planting bags (under field condition) to raise M1 plants. Four treatments: V1D5, V2D3, V3D2 and V3D4 (from M1 plants) were selected and bulked to obtain M2 populations. The results of M1 revealed four mutant fruit traits: multicarpellate capsule, multiple capsule per leaf axil, indehiscent capsule and terminal capsules. The highest frequencies of the traits in M1 generation were 2.50×10-2, 9.17×10-2, 1.67×10-2and3.33×10-2 respectively. The highest branching (7) was from NCRIBEN-01M, while the least (2) was from NCRIBEN-04E. The M2 plants were grouped into eight M2 lines. The dose range (250-550 Gy) was proved to be effective in inducing viable mutations in sesame.

Omega-3 Alpha Linolenic Acid Does Not Reflect the Entire Omega-3 Fatty Acid Family

2006 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 1289-1290
Author(s):  
St??phanie Chevalier ◽  
Jordi P??rez ◽  
Yoram Shir
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid

scholarly journals Associations of Plasma Phospholipid Omega-6 and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and MRI Measures of Cardiovascular Structure and Function: The Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Anderson ◽  
Jennifer A. Nettleton ◽  
W. Gregory Hundley ◽  
Michael Y. Tsai ◽  
Lyn M. Steffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Omega 6 ◽  
And Function

Background. The association between plasma omega-6 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear, and discrepancy remains concerning the cardiovascular benefit of the omega-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid.Methods. Associations of plasma phospholipid fatty acid levels (arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and alpha-linolenic acid) with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging measures of left ventricular (LV) mass, LV volume, ejection fraction, stroke volume, and aortic distensibility were investigated in 1,274 adults.Results. Results of multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant associations of plasma omega-6 or omega-3 levels with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging measures. Stratification by gender revealed a positive association between DHA and LV mass in women (β=1.89,P=0.02;Pinteraction = 0.003) and a trend for a positive association between DHA and ejection fraction in men (β=0.009,P=0.05;Pinteraction = 0.03).Conclusion. Additional research is warranted to clarify the effects of plasma DHA on cardiac structure and function in women versus men.

The alpha-linolenic Acid Content of Green Vegetables Commonly Available in Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Pereira ◽  
Duo Li ◽  
Andrew J. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Brussels Sprouts ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

Green vegetable consumption has long been considered to have health benefits mainly due to the vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients (such as vitamin C, folate, antioxidants etc) contained in a vegetable-rich diet. Additionally, green vegetables are known to contain a relatively high proportion of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), primarily in the form of alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3). However, there are no data available on the fatty acid composition and concentration of green vegetables commonly consumed in Australia. The present study determined the fatty acid content of 11 green vegetables that are commonly available in Australia. The total fatty acid concentrations of the vegetables under study ranged from 44 mg/100 g wet weight in Chinese cabbage to 372 mg/100 g in watercress. There were three PUFAs in all vegetables analyzed; these were 16:3n-3, 18:2n-6, and 18:3n-3 fatty acids. Sample vegetables contained significant quantities of 16:3n-3 and 18:3n-3, ranging from 23 to 225 mg/100g. Watercress and mint contained the highest amounts of 16:3n-3 and 18:3n-3, and parsley had the highest amount of 18:2n-6 in both percentage composition and concentration. Mint had the highest concentration of 18:3n-3 with a value of 195 mg/100 g, while watercress contained the highest concentration of 16:3n-3 at 45 mg/100 g. All 11 green vegetables contained a high proportion of PUFAs, ranging from 59 to 72% of total fatty acids. The omega-3 PUFA composition ranged from 40 to 62% of total fatty acids. Monounsaturated fatty acid composition was less than 6% of total fatty acids. The proportion of saturated fatty acids ranged from 21% in watercress and mint to 32% of total fatty acids in Brussels sprouts. No eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were detected in any of the samples. Consumption of green vegetables could contribute to 18:3n-3 PUFA intake, especially for vegetarian populations.

scholarly journals Blood n-3 fatty acid levels and total and cause-specific mortality from 17 prospective studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Harris ◽  
◽  
Nathan L. Tintle ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Frank Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid

AbstractThe health effects of omega-3 fatty acids have been controversial. Here we report the results of a de novo pooled analysis conducted with data from 17 prospective cohort studies examining the associations between blood omega-3 fatty acid levels and risk for all-cause mortality. Over a median of 16 years of follow-up, 15,720 deaths occurred among 42,466 individuals. We found that, after multivariable adjustment for relevant risk factors, risk for death from all causes was significantly lower (by 15–18%, at least p < 0.003) in the highest vs the lowest quintile for circulating long chain (20–22 carbon) omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids). Similar relationships were seen for death from cardiovascular disease, cancer and other causes. No associations were seen with the 18-carbon omega-3, alpha-linolenic acid. These findings suggest that higher circulating levels of marine n-3 PUFA are associated with a lower risk of premature death.

scholarly journals Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays and sodium azide in M2 generation of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamir Raina ◽  
Samiullah Khan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Sodium Azide ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
Induced Mutagenesis ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency

AbstractLegumes play a pivotal role in combating the chronic hunger and malnutrition in the developing nations and are also ideal crops to achieve global food and nutrition security. In the era of climate change, erratic rainfalls, depleting arable land and water resource, feeding the rapidly growing population is a challenging task. Among breeding programs for crop improvement, induced mutagenesis has proven to be the viable, effective, robust and coherent tool to facilitate the process of creating varieties with improved yield. Like most other pulses, cowpea is a self pollinated, nutritious, versatile and widely adapted grain legume, but harbour a little accessible genetic variability. Lack of sufficient genetic variability and small size of flowers, traditional plant breeding methods are not enough to meet the demands of improvement of cowpea. Hence, induced mutagenesis was employed to induce significant genetic variability across a range of agro-economical traits in two cowpea varieties Gomati VU-89 and Pusa-578 from M1 to M4 generations. The success of induced mutagenesis largely depends on the selection of appropriate mutagen, its dose, effectiveness and efficiency. Hence present study was conduct to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of single and combined doses of sodium azide and gamma rays to set an appropriate protocol for induced mutagenesis experimentation in cowpea.

scholarly journals Insufficient intake of alpha-linolenic fatty acid (18:3n-3) during pregnancy and associated factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-453
Author(s):  
Letícia Garcia VASCONCELOS ◽  
Caroline de Barros GOMES ◽  
Maíra Barreto MALTA ◽  
Isaias DICHI ◽  
Maria Helena D’Aquino BENÍCIO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Linolenic Fatty Acid

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze alpha-linolenic fatty acid intake in two cohorts of pregnant women, and to identify factors associated with alpha-linolenic acid intake. Methods: This is a cohort study involving pregnant women with low obstetric risk (N=353) in public health system from a municipality of São Paulo state, Brazil. In each trimester, two 24-hour food recalls were collected. Descriptive analyses of dietary lipid profiles were performed, followed by a multiple comparison test. According to the trimester of pregnancy, differences were assessed using the mean difference test. To evaluate the adequacy of linoleic fatty acid and alpha-linolenic acid intake, the adequate intake test was used. The association between alpha-linolenic acid intake adequacy and maternal characteristics was investigated using a binary logistic regression model. Results: Total lipids intake and the percentage contribution to dietary energy met recommended levels. One-third of the diets demonstrated a lower than daily recommended intake of alpha-linolenic acid. Overweight pregnant women were twice as likely to have inadequate alpha-linolenic acid intake. Pregnant women from a more disadvantaged socioeconomic situation had greater risks of inadequate intake. Conclusion: Over-intake of lipids is not problematic, but quality is an issue, with one third of the pregnant women and their fetuses exposed to adverse effects due to low intake of omega-3 fatty acids, indicating important nutritional vulnerability in this population.

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