Evaluation of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Biomaterial in Femur Fracture Repair in Dogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.K. Dwivedi ◽  
R.B. Kushwaha ◽  
M.S. Bhadwal ◽  
A.K. Gupta ◽  
J.S. Soodan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Femur Fracture ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Fracture Repair ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Intramedullary Pinning ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Fracture repair is one of most common procedure carried out by veterinary clinicians. Fracture healing most of the time associated with delayed union, non-union and mal-uinon. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical, haemato-biochemical and radiological outcome in patients after implantation of β-tricalcium phosphate as a bone graft substitute to promote the fracture healing.Methods: Eight clinical cases brought to the clinics with femur fracture were divided into two groups viz. A and B, with four animals in each group. Femur fractures were stabilized with intramedullary pinning and β-TCP biomaterial and intramedullary pinning and β-TCP plus autologous bone marrow aspirate (BMA) composite in group A and B respectively. The efficacy of fixation was studied on the basis of clinical evaluation, haemato-biochemical and radiographical parameters on day 0 and on 7th, 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th post-operative day. Result: Excellent weight bearing was noticed in group B. The overall functional outcome in group B was better in comparison to group A animals. Haematological parameters viz. haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total leukocyte count and differential leukocyte count did not differ significantly within and between the groups. The biochemical parameters viz. serum calcium increased significantly (P less than 0.05) on 7th and 15th post-operative day. A significant reduction in serum alkaline phosphatase level observed on successive post-operative days in both groups. Radiographs of fractures treated in both the groups showed good reduction and fracture fixation, early signs of fracture healing in group B than group A animals. The size of callus formation was more in group A than group B. No any graft related complications observed during the study period. The β-tricalcium phosphate facilitated fracture healing and early ambulation of affected limb.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Telmisartan in Pristane Induced Arthritis Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Quratulain Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most common systemic inflammatory diseases characterized by progressive damage to the joints. There is rising evidence that Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System signaling is also involved in the inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis and its blockers possess anti-arthritic properties. Telmisartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker and PPAR-? agonist and its anti-arthritic effects were evaluated. Aims & Objectives: This experimental study was designed to evaluate the anti-arthritic efficacy of telmisartan in pristane induced rat model of arthritis in adult female rats. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with National Institute of Health and Armed Forces Institute of Pathology from July 2020 to August 2020. Material & Methods: Twenty four (24) adult non-pregnant female Sprague Dawley rats were divided in three groups (n=8) designated as Group A (normal control), Group B (arthritic control) and Group C (telmisartan group) & maintained on standard diet and water adlibitum. Rheumatoid arthritis was induced in each rat of Groups B &C by a single intradermal injection of 0.5ml pristane at the base of its tail on day 0 and the disease developed in two weeks. All 3 groups were given distilled water 2.5 ml/kg from 2-4 weeks and Group C was additionally given dissolved telmisartan orally at 2 mg/kg/day. Anti-arthritic efficacy was determined by assessing arthrogram score and total leukocyte count on day 0, 14 and 28 along with histological examination done at the end of the study. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25. Results: Healthy rats in group A maintained a unremarkable arthogram & histogram score & TLC count of 6675±350/?l during the entire study period. Telmisartan administration in Group C for two weeks after pristane induction resulted in significant reduction in arthrogram score (AS) 9.5±3.66, total leukocyte count (TLC) 7350±550/?l and histological score (HS) to 6.88±1.24 as compared to (AS) 14.50±2.07, WBC 10150±350/?L & (HS) 10.75±2.05 in Group B, left untreated with pristane alone. The intergroup comparison showed significant p value < 0.05 respectively. Conclusion: Anti-arthritic effect was shown by telmisartan as it was able to ameliorate the changes induced by pristane.

scholarly journals Comparison of Primary Hip Spica with Crossed Retrograde Intramedullary Rush Pins for the Management of Diaphyseal Femur Fractures in Children: A Prospective, Randomized Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ruhullah ◽  
Sanjay Shah ◽  
Hare Ram Singh ◽  
Dipak Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Femur Fracture ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Femoral Fractures ◽  
Early Weight Bearing ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Fractures In Children ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Femoral fractures are common in children between 2 and 12 years of age, and 75% of the lesions affect the femoral shaft. We compared primary hip spica with closed reduction and fixation with retrogradely crossed Rush pins for diaphyseal femur fracture in 25 children of age group 3 to 13 years randomly distributed in each group.Methods: Fifty children with femoral fractures were evaluated; 25 of them underwent conservative treatment using immediate hip spica (group A) and 25 were treated with crossed retrograde Rush pins (group B). The patients ages ranged from 3 to 13 years (mean age 5.6±3.57 yrs).Results: Mean clinico-radiological consolidation was within 15 weeks in group A and 12 weeks in group B. Mean duration of weight bearing 7 weeks in group B and 14 weeks in group A. Mean hospital stay were 8 days in group B and 4 days in group A. Mean follow up period in group A was 16 months and group B was 17 months. Complications like angulation, shortening, infection were compared. Bursitis and penetration of pins at the site of Rush pin insertion is complication associated with this method of treatment. Conclusions: Intra-medullary crossed Rush pinning is an effective method of paediatric diaphyseal femur fracture fixation as compared to primary hip spica in terms of early weight bearing and restoration of normal anatomy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Effect of Melatonin on Hematological Parameters in Patients of Periodontitis

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Anagha Marawar ◽  
Pramod Marawar ◽  
Nandal D H ◽  
Rahul Kunkulol ◽  
Sandeep Narwane
Keyword(s):  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Differential Leukocyte Count ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Root Planning ◽  
Scaling And Root Planning

Introduction: Considering the immunity enhancing property of melatonin, a study on the evaluation of the effect of melatonin on the hematological parameters in patients suffering from Periodontitis.  Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Periodontics, Rural Dental College, Loni. Patients of chronic Periodontitis, of age between 18 to 65 years of either gender ready to give informed consent to participate in the study were included. Postoperative patients, patients having night duties, drivers and those using heavy machinery, pregnant women, lactating mothers, patients with any clinically significant systemic disease and patients on any other drugs were excluded from the study. Patients were divided into two Groups. Group B received scaling and root planning (SRP) and melatonin 3 mg per day were compared to Group A which received SRP only. The Total Leukocyte count, Differential Leukocyte count and Erythrocyte sedimentation rate of each patient was studied at a baseline, 1st (30 days) visit, 2nd (60 days) visit and 3rd (90 days) visit. Results: Both the groups consisted of 80 subjects each. Group A consisted of 71.25% male and 28.75% female patients. There were 56.25% male and 43.75% female patients in Group B. With respect to visit 3, the TLC was statistically lower in Group B. The neutrophil count of Group B was significantly lower during visit 3 as compared to Group A. The lymphocyte count of Group B was significantly lower than that of Group A during the visit 1, and also significantly higher during visit 3 on comparison with Group A. There was no statistically significant difference in the groups with respect to eosinophil and basophil count. The Monocyte count of Group B was statistically lower when compared to that of Group A. There was no statistically significant difference between ESR of Group A & Group B.  Conclusions: It can be concluded that melatonin has a positive effect on TLC and differential count of patients of periodontitis, conferring a new facet to the management of periodontitis and an attempt to impede the disease progression. Keywords: Melatonin; Hematological parameters; Periodontitis; Total Leukocyte count; Differential Leukocyte count; Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; Scaling and Root Planning.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF NERIUM OLEANDER POISONING ON BLOOD OF MALE GUINEAPIGS

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
MGA Chowdhury ◽  
Azizunnesa . ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
Q Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Normal Level ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Group A ◽  
Haematological Changes ◽  
Group B

Haematological changes were studied in 36 adult male guineapigs during the period from July to December 1994. These animals were divided into six equal groups (A to F), each group consisting of six animals. Each animal of group B to F was administered with a single oral dose of crude watery extract of sheath oleander @ 300, 450, 600, 750 and 900 mg / kg body weight, respectively, whereas animals of group A which served as control. After administration of crude watery extract of 1/2, 6 and 72 hours a significant increase of in total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC) and haemoglobin (Hb). The maximum increase on TEC, TLC and Hb as 35, 51 and 14%, respectively, @ 750 mg / kg body weight at 6 hr of administration of crude watery extract and the minimum value of TEC, TLC and Hb as 16, 27 and 4%, respectively, with the dose rate of 300 mg / kg body weight at the same time. The elevated haematological parameters returned to normal level within 7 days of administration.

scholarly journals Role of total leukocyte count in diagnosis of pediatric acute appendicitis: effect of antibiotic administration and duration of onset of symptoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
Arun M. Ainippully ◽  
Sarath Kumar Narayanan ◽  
Vysakh C. N. ◽  
Arun Preeth V. ◽  
Prathap Somnath
Keyword(s):  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Appendicitis is one of the most common pediatric surgical emergencies. The aim of the study is to determine the significance of total leukocyte count (TLC) in diagnosing appendicitis in the present era of rampant and injudicious antibiotic usage, and its relation to the duration of onset of symptoms.Methods: Study population consists of 148 pediatric patients who had confirmed appendicitis and underwent appendicectomy between January 2015 and December 2015. TLC was performed in all these patients as part of the routine work up. The population was categorized as: group I <24hrs, group II 24 to 4hrs and group III >48 hrs, based on symptom duration and group A and B based on antibiotics received or not respectively.Results: 64.9% (n = 96) were males and 35.1% (n = 52) were females. The ages ranged from 2.1 to 12.9 years (mean/SD being 8.3±1.2). The number of patients with elevated TLC was significantly lesser in Group B (62.2%, n = 92) when compared to the group A (37.8%, n = 56) which did not receive antibiotics (P <0.017). Significantly higher number of patients showed rise in TLC if it was done within 24 hours of onset of symptoms (66.6%, n =40).Conclusions: Our study shows that TLC proved more useful if it is performed within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms and is relevant only if antibiotics have not been administered.

scholarly journals Effects of vitamin C as a rescue agent against ciprofloxacin (Ciprocin®) induced toxicities in mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Kamal ◽  
M. S. J. Laboni ◽  
M. N. Hasan ◽  
M. F. Islam ◽  
M. M. Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background: Ciprofloxacin is a common and widely used antibiotic in both human and animal health, But indiscriminate, overdose and long term used may cause toxicity The research work was designed to examine the changes in hematological parameters: Total Erythrocyte count (TEC), Hemoglobin (Hb), Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) and Differential Leukocyte Count (DLC) and biochemical parameters: Total Cholesterol (T), Triglyceride (TG), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Serum Creatinine (SC) in mice treated with ciprofloxacin and its interaction with vitamin C. Methods: A total of 20 male Swiss Albino mice aging one month and weighing of 22.5±2.3 gm were taken, and were allotted into four equal groups (n=5). After acclimatization, Group D was kept as control and was fed with normal mice pellet and water only. Mice of group A, B, and C were maintained as treatment groups and fed with ciprofloxacin (Ciprocin® )@ 2 mg/kg body weight (bwt), 1 mg/kg bwt and 0.5 mg/kg bwt in normal saline orally respectively throughout the experimental period of 14 days. Besides 2 mg Vitamin C @ 2mg /kg bwt was supplied in water for all the treated mice. Results: The results indicated that the values of RBC and Hb in the treated groups were decreased significantly (P<0.01) as compared to the control group. White blood cell (WBC) counts in group B and C were almost similar to those of control group, whereas it was lowered significantly (P<0.05) in group A. However, lymphocyte, monocyte levels significantly (P<0.01) increased in all the treated groups as compared to the control, whereas neutrophil and eosinophil counts in group B and C were lowered (P<0.01) as compared to the control. The TG values were recorded as lower (P<0.01) in group C than in group A. Cholesterol level was found highest (P<0.01) in control mice (group D) as compared to treated groups A, B and C. HDL was decreased and SC was increased significantly (P<0.01) in the treated groups as compared to the control group. Conclusions: It could be concluded that treatment mice with vitamin C concomitantly with ciprofloxacin not exert restoring effect significantly on hematological parameters of TEC and Hb but exert effect significantly on total WBC count, lymphocyte, monocyte and lipid profile.

scholarly journals Role of total leukocyte count and C-reactive protein in diagnosis of acute appendicitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 883
Author(s):  
Anuradha Dnyanmote ◽  
Sagar Ramesh Ambre ◽  
Foram Doshi ◽  
Snehal Ambre
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Surgical Emergencies ◽  
Group A ◽  
Negative Appendicectomy ◽  
Group B

Background: Acute appendicitis is still one of the most common surgical emergencies. This study was conducted to check the sensitivity and specificity of Total leukocyte count (TLC) and C Reactive Protein (CRP) of acute appendicitis. Aim and objectives were to check the sensitivity and specificity of total leukocyte count in diagnosis of acute appendicitis and to check the sensitivity and specificity of CRP in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. To determine TLC and CRP efficacy in diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Methods: TLC and CRP were calculated in all patients who were planned to undergo appendectomy. Appendectomies were performed independent of results of TLC and CRP levels. For statistical purpose the patients were assigned into 2 groups- Group-A Patients with inflamed/perforated/gangrenous appendix, Group-B patients with Normal appendix. The normal TLC and CRP values, raised TLC, raised CRP, and raised both TLC and CRP values calculated in each of these groups. Sensitivity and Specificity were calculated. The cut off value for TLC was 11x106/L. This value was selected arbitrarily as it corresponds to the elevated TLC. The CRP levels were calculated and cut off value was taken as 1.7mg/dl.Results: Out of 75 cases, 55 were male and 20 were female. Age ranged from 13 to 58 years. CRP was raised in 82.14% of inflamed appendix cases TLC was raised in 76.79% of inflamed appendix cases and both was raised in 92.5% of inflamed appendix cases.Conclusions: TLC and CRP are useful in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Negative appendicectomy rate can be decreased.

scholarly journals Non-locking buttress plate in distal tibial metaphyseal fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Norman Lamichhane ◽  
Bhogendra Bahadur KC ◽  
Chandra Bahadur Mishra ◽  
Sabita Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Delayed Union ◽  
Full Weight Bearing ◽  
Distal Fibula ◽  
Fibula Fracture ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Metaphyseal Fractures

Background: Treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures is often challenging and no single technique has been unanimously advocated. Open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws allows better restoration of anatomical alignment but with more soft tissue complication. Simultaneous fixation of the fibula is not universally carried out. This study aims at evaluation of the outcome of plating technique and the effect of fixation of fibula fracture in treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures. Material and methods: Thirty-one cases (14 cases in Group A with concomitant distal fibula fracture and 17 cases in Group B without distal fibula fracture) were analyzed retrospectively for the mean duration of full weight bearing, mean union time and complications, and compared. Results: The mean time for full weight bearing and radiological union in our study was 14.2 weeks (15.9 in Group A and 13.1 in Group B) and 23.8 weeks (26.6 in Group A and 21.5 in Group B) respectively. 16.1% of cases had post-operative complications including one case of deep infection and malalignment of 6 degree varus (following delayed union) was seen in one case of Group A. Range of motion (ROM) at ankle was not problem in any of the cases except the one delayed union which had 5 degrees of dorsiflexion and 15 degrees of plantiflexion. Conclusion: Open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws in distal tibial metaphyseal fracture is more economic means of treatment modality with comparable incidence of post-union malalignment and union time,though more soft tissue complications compared to other modalities. Fixation of fibula fracture aids in reducing the incidence of malalignment.

Beta—tricalcium phosphate as a substitute for autograft in interbody fusion cages in the canine lumbar spine

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashiro Ohyama ◽  
Yoshichika Kubo ◽  
Hiroo Iwata ◽  
Waro Taki
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Interbody Fusion ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Posterolateral Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spine Model ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Fine Print

Object. An interbody fusion cage has been introduced for cervical anterior interbody fusion. Autogenetic bone is packed into the cage to increase the rate of union between adjacent vertebral bodies. Thus, donor site—related complications can still occur. In this study a synthetic ceramic, β—tricalcium phosphate (TCP), was examined as a substitute for autograft bone in a canine lumbar spine model. Methods. In 12 dogs L-1 to L-4 vertebrae were exposed via a posterolateral approach, and discectomy and placement of interbody fusion cages were performed at two intervertebral disc spaces. One cage was filled with autograft (Group A) and the other with TCP (Group B). The lumbar spine was excised at 16 weeks postsurgery, and biomechanical, microradiographic, and histological examinations were performed. Both the microradiographic and histological examinations revealed that fusion occurred in five (41.7%) of 12 operations performed in Group A and in six (50%) of 12 operations performed in Group B. The mean percentage of trabecular bone area in the cages was 54.6% in Group A and 53.8% in Group B. There were no significant intergroup differences in functional unit stiffness. Conclusions. Good histological and biomechanical results were obtained for TCP-filled interbody fusion cages. The results were comparable with those obtained using autograft-filled cages, suggesting that there is no need to harvest iliac bone or to use allo- or xenografts to increase the interlocking strength between the cage and vertebral bone to achieve anterior cervical interbody fusion.

COMPARISON OF IMMEDIATE EFFECT ON APPLICATION OF REMOTE SELFMYOFASCIAL RELEASE ON POSTERIOR CHAIN FLEXIBILITY IN ASYMPTOMATIC YOUNG INDIVIDUALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Rishika Balani ◽  
Tanvi Patole
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Chain Flexibility ◽  
Myofascial Release ◽  
Outcomes Measures ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Plantar Fascia Release

Aim of study: The aim of the study was to compare the immediate effect on application of remote self- myofascial release on posterior chain exibility in asymptomatic young individuals. Material and Method: 44 subjects were assigned into two groups, Group (A) Plantar fascia release and Group (B) Suboccipital release. Outcomes measures used were Sit and reach test (SRT), Active knee extension test (AKE) and Weight bearing lunge test. Result: There was a signicant difference in SRT and AKE on left side between group A and B. Within the same group there was a signicant improvement in outcome measures post intervention. Conclusion: There was an immediate increase in exibility of the hamstrings, gastrocnemius-soleus muscles and lumbar spine ROM through remote self- myofascial release.

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