scholarly journals Studies on Allelopathic Effect of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Putranjiva Roxburghii Wall. on Seed Germination and Early Growth of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyajit Oraon ◽  
Subrata Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Putranjiva Roxburghii

The present study reveals the allelopathic effect of aqueous leaf extracts of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. on seed germination and early growth stages of an economically important plant chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Aqueous leaf extracts at 0, 5, 10, 15, 25, 35, 50, 75 and 100% concentrations were applied to determine their effect on seed germination and early growth stages under laboratory conditions. Laboratory-based experiments with three replicates were used to arrange treatments accordingly. After 5 days of incubation the rate of seed germination, radicle length and hypocotyls length etc. of chickpea seeds were observed after treatment with aqueous leaf extracts. Highest inhibitory effect was noticed in 100% of aqueous leaf extract. Results indicated that the inhibitory effect was proportional to the concentration of the extracts. The water soluble leaf extracts contain allelochemicals, which inhibit the seed germination and reduced the early growth of chickpea.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Concentrations of Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Some Plants on the Germination and Seedling Growth of Maize, Z. mays L. and Wheat (T. aestivum L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-274
Author(s):  
Rizwan Ali Khan ◽  
Kaiser Iqbal ◽  
Aatif Hussain ◽  
Showkat Azeem
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Leaf Leachate ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

Allelopathic effect of aqueous leaf extract of three different species (eucalyptus, guava, and litchi) were used to investigate their effect on germination, shoot and root lengths of two food crops viz. Zea mays L. (Maize) and Triticum aestivum (Wheat). Mature fresh leaves of three species were crushed and soaked for 24h; the filtrates were diluted to make different concentrations (T1 = 0.5%, T2 = 1.0%, T3 = 1.5%, T4 = 2.0%, and T5 = 0.0%), and were used to investigate their effect on the tested crops. The aqueous leaf leachate of three species was found to have inhibitory effect on germination, shoot, and root elongation on the tested crops. Current study indicates that inhibitory effect was much more pronounced at higher concentrations, and the effect increased with the increase in concentration. Among trees, Eucalyptus has much more effect on the tested crops than other species. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11085 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 264-274

Allelopathic Potency and an Active Substance from Hairy Vetch

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihong Sun ◽  
Guofeng Yang ◽  
Lili Cong ◽  
Juan Sun ◽  
Lichao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Background: Plant allelopathy refers to the release of chemicals from plants or microorganisms into the environment, may have direct or indirect, beneficial or harmful effects on other plants or microorganisms. When plants grow in an unfavorable environment,more allelochemicals will be secreted and the expression of allelopathic effects will increase, giving plants a certain competitive advantage. Hairy vetch is one of the most promising allelopathic crops and the aqueous extract of hairy vetch has an inhibitory effect on the root length and seedling height of grass crops. The current study aimed to study the allelopathic effect of hairy vetch on alfalfa, and exploring an ecological method to remove the root system of alfalfa.Methods: In this experiment, the allelopathic effects of the seeds, stems and leaves, roots extracts and root exudates (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 mg·mL-1) on the seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa were evaluated. And the main allelopathic substances from the stem and leaf extract were isolated and identified using high performance liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS).Result: The results showed that all of the extracts can inhibit alfalfa seed germination and seedling growth and stem and leaf extract had the strongest inhibitory effect, especially for inhibiting the root growth. A main allelochemical substance, o-coumaric acid, was screened out and the root length of alfalfa was completely inhibited at 1.6 mg·mL-1 of o-coumaric acid. The findings of these experiments show hairy vetch has strong allelopathic effect on alfalfa and o-coumaric acid is a chemical growth inhibitor.

scholarly journals Propagation and Possible Allelopathic Effects of Vernoniazeylanica on Selected Bioassay Species

CORD ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
S.H.S. Senarathne ◽  
S. S. Udumann
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Vernonia zeylanica (L.) belongs to the family Asteraceae, is one of the major endemic weed species present in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) plantations of the tropics, which propagates very easily.  There is a possibility that this plant could also possess allelopathic effects, but this has not been scientifically tested.  Thus, a study was carried out to determine the seed germination of V. zeylanica under soil moisture stress conditions, shoot propagation methods and possible allopathic effects of this species, on selected species in bioassay tests.  Germination of V. zeylanica seeds was not observed at higher osmotic potential (-0.9 MPa).  The highest sprouting percentage of this species were obtained with soft wood cuttings.  The aqueous leaf extract was highly phytotoxic, and it significantly reduced germination and seedling growth of all bioassay species tested. Full strength (33.3 g L-1) aqueous extracts of leaves significantly reduced the germination percentage, root and hypocotyl growth rates of all species tested.  The inhibitory effects were often dependent on concentration.  However, the degree of inhibition varied among the test plant species.  The seedling emergences of all four tested plants were severally inhibited when planted in V. zeylanica contaminated soil.  The results indicated that incorporated aqueous leaf extract of V. zeylanica and its rhizosphere contaminated soil can suppress seed germination, seedling growth and seedling emergence of certain plant species indicating a possible allelopathic effect.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effect of Leaf Extract of Two Wild Plants on Seed Germination, Shoot and Root Lengths of Two Weed Species; Portulacaoleracea and Chenopodium murale

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadi Awad Al-Harbi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Chenopodium Murale

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of leaf extract of Rhanterium epapposum and Salsola imbricata at various concentrations (20%, 40%, and 60%) on the germination and shoot and root lengths of two weed species; Portulaca oleracea and Chenopodium murale. The present study findings proved that the inhibitory effect of seed germination and shoot and root lengths of the studied species was largely dependent on the concentration of R. epapposum and S.imbricata leaf extract. The results showed that the highest allelopathic effect on the germination of the seeds of C.murale by leaf extract of R. epapposum and S. imbricata especially at concentration of 40% and 60% . While the lowest effect was of the leaf extract of S.imbricata. However the concentration of 60% was higher on the germination of the seeds C. murale and P. oleracea. Results also showed that the root and shoot lengths of C. murael was more sensitive to allelochemicals of R. epapposum leaf extract compared to S.imbricata leaf extract. However, the root and shoot lengths of P. oleracea was more sensitive to allelochemicals of S. imbricata leaf extract compared to R.epapposum leaf extract. Hence, the present findings recommended using the R. epapposum leaf extract and S. imbricata leaf extract as a tool for weed management especially C. murale and P. oleracea.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Interference of Ageratum conyzoides L. against Rice Varieties

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Bhawna Negi ◽  
S.S Bargali ◽  
Kiran Bargali ◽  
Kavita Khatri
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Seedling Length

Ageratum conyzoides L. is an invasive weed that has severely infested cultivated lands and interferes with the growth of crops. In this study aqueous extracts of 50 and 100% concentration were prepared from fresh and air dried plant parts (Leaves and roots) of A. conyzoides and their allelopathic effect was observed on seed germination and seedling growth of two rice varieties namely Sava and Geru. In Sava variety, a significant reduction in seed germination, seedling length and dry weight was recorded under dry leaf extract while under fresh leaf extract seed germination and seedling length was increased at 50% concentration as compared to control. In Geru variety both fresh and dry leaf extracts resulted in decreased seed germination and seedling growth with increasing concentration. Similar patterns were recorded for fresh and dry root extracts. The inhibitory effect of leaf extracts was more pronounced than root extract and overall dry aqueous extracts of leaf and root were more inhibitory than fresh aqueous extracts. Among varieties, Sava was least affected as compared to the Geru. This study indicated that A. conyzoides exert allelopathic effect towards rice crop by releasing water soluble phytochemicals.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Impacts of an Agroforestry Tree Species (Streblus asper Lour.) on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Chickpea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Oraon ◽  
S. Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Streblus Asper

Background: Agroforestry might be a better strategy for sustainable land use and crop production. Allelopathic effect of Streblus asper Lour. (Moraceae) an agroforestry tree species was documented on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seed germination and seedling growth. Methods: The present study was conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potentialities of different concentrations (0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.5% and 5%) of aqueous leaf extracts of S. asper on seed germination and seedling growth in laboratory based experiments. The allelopathic potentialities were studied based on seed germination, germination rate, root length, shoot length, biomass, seed vigor index etc. Result: The inhibitory effect was more pronounced with the increasing concentrations of aqueous extracts. 5% aqueous leaf extracts showed a maximum inhibitory effect on seed germination, root length, shoot length, dry weight of root and shoot as compared to control. Based on the allelopathic index, concentrations of 5% aqueous extract showed a strong inhibitory effect. Aqueous leaf extracts contain water-soluble allelochemicals which affect the seed germination and seedling growth. The inhibitory allelopathic effect can be taken as serious consideration before plantation of chickpea in an association of this tree species because of its inhibitory effect on seed germination and early stages of development.

scholarly journals Allelopathy effect of aqueous extract of Clerodendrum viscosum, Ageratum conyzoides and Parthenium hysterophorus on the seed germination and seedling vigour of Chickpea seeds (Cicer arietinum L.) in vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oinam Ibetombi Devi ◽  
Biman Kumar Dutta ◽  
P. Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Clerodendrum Viscosum ◽  
Test Plants

In present study the allelopathic effect of aqueous leaf extracts of Clerodendrum viscosum, Ageratum conyzoides and Parthenium hysterophorus was observed on the seed germination of Chickpea in vitro (Cicer arietinum.L.).Seed germination was found to be inhibited in all the leaf extract concentrations used i.e. 2%,4%,6%,8% and 10%. However higher inhibition was observed in the 10% leaf extract of the test plants (i.e. Cl. viscosum, Ag. conyzoides and P. hysterophorus). In compare to all allelopathic plants extracts more inhibition was found in P. hysterophorus leaf extract followed by Cl. viscosum and Ag. conyzoides. Higher inhibition of radical and plumule growth of the Chickpea seeds was found with the increase in concentration of the leaf extracts used. Percentage of germination of Chickpea seeds was found to be low in 10% concentration whereas in untreated seeds it was found to be more.

Insecticidal Activities of the Leaf Extract of the Invasive Alien Plant, Chromolaena odorata (L.) (Asteraceae) Against Macrotermes species (Termites)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
O. Uyi, ◽  
I.G. Amolo ◽  
A.D. Adetimehin
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Biological Efficacy ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
Impregnation Technique ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Worker Caste

Several studies have demonstrated the biological efficacy of leaf, stem and root powders or extracts of Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson against insect pests but those that are focused on the biological efficacy of aqueous leaf extracts against Macrotermes species are scanty. Current management of termites with synthetic insecticides is being discouraged due to human and environmental hazards. Therefore, the insecticidal effectiveness of aqueous leaf extract C. odorata against Macrotermes species was investigated. Five concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% (w/v)) of the aqueous extract of C. odorata plant were evaluated for repellency and toxicity on the worker caste of Macrotermes species following standard procedures. The filter paper impregnation technique was used for the bioassay. Percentage repellency was monitored for 30 minutes and mortality recorded at 12, 24 and 36 hours post exposure. The leaf extract of C. odorata significantly repelled 95% of Macrotermes species at the highest concentration of 10% (w/v) after 30 minutes post treatment exposure. Mortality of Macrotermes species was independent of treatment concentration, but dependent on duration of exposure. All treatment concentrations of aqueous leaf extract of C. odorata caused significant mortality against Macrotermes species ranging between 94% and 98% compared to the control; indicating very great potential for adoption and use in the management of Macrotermes species.

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