scholarly journals Evaluation of Fungicides and Bioagents against Fusarium proliferatum under In vitro by Spore Germination Inhibition Technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namita Soni ◽  
Kushal Raj ◽  
S. Vijaykumar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Germination Inhibition ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Inhibition Technique

Background: Bottle gourd is a cucurbitaceous vegetable of culinary and medicinal importance cultivated in various tropical and sub-tropical regions of world. This crop is exposed to a wide variety of seed and soil mycoflora, out of which Fusarium proliferatum is utmost important as far as seed germination, viability and seedling vigour are concerned. Methods: Study was taken up to evaluate different fungicides and bioagents for their efficacy against the fungus Fusarium proliferatum under in vitro through spore germination inhibition technique. Result: Spore germination inhibition of 86.00%, 85.00% and 81.33% was recorded with hexaconazole (5% SC) @ 0.2% (C3), mancozeb (75% WP) @ 0.3% (C3) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (1% WP) @ 2% (C3), respectively. The inhibition in spore germination by mancozeb (75% WP) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (1% WP) was upto 77.33% and it was 61.78% and 67.33% in treatments involving carbendazim (50% WP) and Trichoderma harzianum (1% WP) that could be exploited to devise integrated approach for disease management.

scholarly journals Mycoflora impact on germination and vigour of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) seeds and its management through different plant protectants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namita Soni ◽  
Kushal Raj ◽  
V. S. Mor ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Chugh
Keyword(s):  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Copper Oxychloride ◽  
Germination Inhibition ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Highly Virulent

Bottle gourd is an important cucurbitaceous crop. The impact of 14 species from eight fungal genera on bottle gourd seeds was studied through in vitro tests. Bottle gourd seeds were inoculated with each isolate separately and subjected to various germination tests. Maximum germination inhibition was upto 69.3% due to Fusarium proliferatum. Inoculation of seeds with F. proliferatum significantly reduced the germination speed index to 2.69. The seedling vigour index I for seeds inoculated with F. proliferatum and F. incarnation-equiseti (species complex) was 860 and 861, respectively, significantly different from that of non-inoculated seeds having a vigour index of 1791. The seedling vigour index II of seeds inoculated with F. proliferatum was 1818, significantly lower than the control (4631), indicating that the F. proliferatum isolate was highly virulent among all the isolates. Amongst seven plant protectants evaluated for their efficacy as seed dressers against F. proliferatum, propioconazole (25% EC), copper oxychloride (50% WP) and Mancozeb (75% WP) were effective in reducing infection. Germination percentage was highest for seeds treated with the bioagent Trichoderma harzianum 1% WP.

scholarly journals Swailing affects seed germination of plants of European bio-and agricenosis in a different way

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Bączek-Kwinta
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Habitat Composition ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
Wild Thyme ◽  
Plant Habitat ◽  
Seed Testa ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractSwailing as a part of agricultural practice is an illegal habit in many European countries. The indirect effect of swailing is the emission of volatiles (SGV), hence the aim of the study was to identify their impact to seeds of different species occurring or grown Europe. It was carried out on seeds of 29 species of 10 botanical families within the angiosperms. The response to SGV was more or less differentiated within a family, and even within the species, e.g. in the case of tomato. The stimulation of germination and/or increased seedling vigour was established in celery, green- and red-leafed basil, white and red cabbage, white clover and wild thyme. The same effect was noticed for the seeds of stratified broadleaf plantain and the positively photoblastic seeds of German chamomile germinated in darkness. The inhibition of seed germination and/ or reduced seedling vigour was demonstrated in case of caraway, dill and forget-me-not. Similar results were obtained in the experiments carried outin vitroand in the soil, hence it can be assumed that the indirect impact of SGV on plant habitat composition is likely. The interaction of SGV compounds with seed testa and seed phytohormones is discussed.

Screening of Existing and New Boxwood Cultivars for Disease Resistance and In Vitro Fungicide Screening to Manage Boxwood Dieback Caused by Colletotrichum theobromicola

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harleen Kaur ◽  
Monique DeSouza ◽  
Raghuwinder "Raj" Singh
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Germination Inhibition ◽  
Industry Professionals ◽  
The U.S

Boxwood is one of the most common and widely planted perennial ornamentals in both home gardens and commercial landscapes. Recently reported boxwood dieback, a fungal disease caused by Colletotrichum theobromicola, has been spreading at an alarming rate within the U.S. Boxwood breeders, nursery growers, and landscape professionals have shown great concerns regarding the lack of effective management practices. Therefore, the primary objectives of this study were to devise effective disease management strategies including screening cultivars to determine their susceptibility to boxwood dieback and screening various fungicides to determine their effectiveness in managing the disease. Host range studies were conducted by screening a wide variety of boxwood cultivars under greenhouse conditions. Although, boxwood cultivar ‘Little Missy’ showed much delayed symptom expression as compared to rest of the cultivars but none of the 11 cultivars were found to be resistance to boxwood dieback. In vitro screening of nine fungicides was conducted to determine mycelial growth as well as spore germination inhibition of eight isolates of C. theobromicola collected from eight states in the U.S. Of the nine fungicides, difenoconazole+pydiflumetofen showed maximum mycelial growth and spore germination inhibition at 1 ppm active ingredient followed by fluxapyroxad+pyraclostrobin, and pyraclostrobin+boscalid at 5 ppm active ingredient. Azoxystrobin+benzovindiflupyr significantly inhibited mycelial growth at 1 ppm but reduced spore germination at 10 ppm active ingredient. This study provides the boxwood industry professionals with critical and applied information pertaining to host susceptibility and fungicide efficacy to effectively mitigate boxwood dieback and to reduce its further spread.

scholarly journals Effect of pre-sowing treatment on seed germination and seedling vigour in endive and chicory

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tzortzakis N
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Gibberelic Acid ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
The Mean

The influence of pre-sowing treatments using hydropriming, osmopriming and halopriming in laboratory and/or nursery tests on seedling emergence, seedling weight and plant growth of endive and chicory was examined. Halopriming (KNO<sub>3</sub>) or growth regulators (gibberelic acid; GA<sub>3</sub>) improved the rate of germination of endive and chicory and reduced the mean germination time needed. 30 min pre-sowing treatment with NaHClO<sub>3</sub>, methyl jasmonate and dictamus essential oil decreased seed germination as well as seed radicle length in vitro. In the nursery tests, pre-sowing treatments had in some extent impact on the upper part (fresh weight) of the seedling, while no major changes were observed for leaf number and root fresh weight. 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or NaHClO<sub>3</sub> treatment reduced plant growth of both species. The present study suggests that KNO<sub>3</sub> and secondly GA<sub>3</sub> treatments may improve rapid and uniform seedling emergence and plant development in nurseries and/or in greenhouses, which is easily applicable by nursery workers with economic profits.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIMYCOTIC EVALUATION AND PRELIMINARY COMBINATORIAL STUDIES OF IBUPROFEN WITH STANDARD ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS AGAINST ASPERGILLUS SPP.

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Mrridula Dangi Narwal ◽  
Meenakshi Balhara ◽  
Renu Chaudhary ◽  
Anil Kumar Chhillar
Keyword(s):  
Spore Germination ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Germination Inhibition ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Dilution Assay ◽  
Invasive Mycoses ◽  
Diffusion Assay ◽  
Microbroth Dilution

Objective: The prevalence of invasive mycoses is increased in the immunocompromised patients with an increase in resistance developed againstcurrent antifungal drugs. This has led to the need for discovering novel combinations of the antifungal drugs to combat against resistant pathogenic spp.This study mainly targets to evaluate the antifungal activity of ibuprofen (IBU) alone and in combination with the standard antifungal drugs (polyenesand azoles) against eight isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger.Methods: The study was performed using the disc diffusion assay (DDA), microbroth dilution assay and spore germination inhibition assay. Moreover,cytotoxicity was checked by heamolytic assay.Results: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of IBU against A. fumigatus and A. flavus using DDA is found to be in the range of 250-275 μg/disc while for A. niger isolates, the range was 500-575 μg/disc. Likewise, by broth microdilution assay and spore germination inhibitory assay, MICdetermined, were in the range of 500-750 μg/ml against A. fumigatus and A. flavus while for A. niger, it was 1000-1500 μg/ml.Conclusion: IBU demonstrated its antimycotic potential against all the eight isolates of Aspergillus spp. Moreover, preliminary combinatorialevaluation of IBU with the standard antifungal drugs reported by DDA revealed an increase in zone of inhibition as compared to the drugs alone.Further research regarding the confirmation of synergistic interaction between the selected drugs is in progress.

scholarly journals Trichoderma harzianum IS005-12 promotes germination, seedling growth and seedborne fungi suppression in Italian ryegrass forage

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Nevena Banjac ◽  
Rade Stanisavljević ◽  
Ivica Dimkić ◽  
Nataša Velijević ◽  
Marina Soković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Seedborne Fungi

Potential of Trichoderma harzianum IS005-12 (TH-IS005-12) to promote seed germination and seedling growth of Italian ryegrass (IRG) forage was evaluated in vitro. Non-desiccated seeds and those pre-harvestly desiccated with total herbicide were treated 25 days (freshly harvested) and 178 days after harvest (mature) with TH-IS005-12 spore suspensions at 0 (T0), 1.8 × 10<sup>7</sup> (T1) and 1.2 × 10<sup>9</sup> (T2) spore/mL. TH-IS005-12 promoted the early and final germination and seedling growth in all non-desiccated and desiccated, freshly harvested as well as mature IRG seeds. It was more effective in pre-harvestly desiccated freshly harvested seeds where T2 treatment increased final germination rate for 24%, root number per seedling 1.6-fold and seedling vigour 1.9-fold compared to the untreated control. Moreover, TH-IS005-12 showed an inhibitory activity against seedborne fungi Alternaria alternata and A. ventricosa suppressing their growth in vitro by 82% and 77%, respectively.  

scholarly journals Allelopathy effect of aqueous extract of Clerodendrum viscosum, Ageratum conyzoides and Parthenium hysterophorus on the seed germination and seedling vigour of Chickpea seeds (Cicer arietinum L.) in vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oinam Ibetombi Devi ◽  
Biman Kumar Dutta ◽  
P. Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Clerodendrum Viscosum ◽  
Test Plants

In present study the allelopathic effect of aqueous leaf extracts of Clerodendrum viscosum, Ageratum conyzoides and Parthenium hysterophorus was observed on the seed germination of Chickpea in vitro (Cicer arietinum.L.).Seed germination was found to be inhibited in all the leaf extract concentrations used i.e. 2%,4%,6%,8% and 10%. However higher inhibition was observed in the 10% leaf extract of the test plants (i.e. Cl. viscosum, Ag. conyzoides and P. hysterophorus). In compare to all allelopathic plants extracts more inhibition was found in P. hysterophorus leaf extract followed by Cl. viscosum and Ag. conyzoides. Higher inhibition of radical and plumule growth of the Chickpea seeds was found with the increase in concentration of the leaf extracts used. Percentage of germination of Chickpea seeds was found to be low in 10% concentration whereas in untreated seeds it was found to be more.

scholarly journals Performance of Bioprimed Chilli Seed under Moisture Stress Condition

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. Ananthi ◽  
P. Selvaraju ◽  
K. Sundaralingam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Improve Seed Germination

Laboratory experiment was carried out using ‘PKM 1’ chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) seed to standardize bioprimed seeds under moisture stress condition inorder to improve seed germination and seedling vigour. To induce the moisture stress, optimize the different concentration of water holdings capacity viz., 80, 60, 40 and 20% were used for best bioprimed seed treatment (biocontrol agents (Pseudomonas fluorescens 60% 12 h, Trichoderma viride 60% 9 h) and liquid biofertilizers (Azospirillum 10% 9 h and Phosphobacteria 15% 9h )) along with hydroprimed seed and control seed. Seed bioprimed with Pseudomonas fluorescens 60% for 12 h improved the germination percentage ( 82), root length (14.2 cm), shoot length (6.2 cm), dry matter production (0.0489 g 10 seedlings-1) and vigour index (1673) compared to control seed. Seed biopriming with  Pseudomonas fluorescens 60% for 12 h can be adopted to improve seed germination and seedling vigour under moisture stress condition upto 20%.

Efficacy of bioagents and botanicals on seed mycoflora and seed quality in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wiczek]

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Gawade ◽  
S. R. Zanjare ◽  
A. V. Suryawanshi ◽  
V. R. Shelar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Field Emergence

Seeds of mungbean (Cv. Vaibhav) was treated with bioagents and botanicals <italic>viz;</italic> talc powder formulations of <italic>Pseudomonas fluorescens</italic> (0.6%), <italic>Trichoderma viride</italic> (0.6%), <italic>Pseudomonas fluorescens + Trichoderma viride</italic> (0.6%) each, garlic extract (1%), ginger extract (1%) and Thiram + Carbendazim (0.2% each) as a recommended fungicidal check. The results indicated that, among the bioagents the treatment of <italic>Pseudomonas fluorescens + Trichoderma viride</italic> (0.6% each) to the seeds of mungbean was effective in reducing seed mycoflora <italic>viz; Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria alternata, Macrophomina phaseolena</italic>, <italic>Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger</italic> and <italic>Fusarium moniliforme</italic> by 88.5, 85.1, 64.9, 81.1, 75.0 and 100 per cent, respectively over untreated control. The seed germination, seedling vigour index and field emergence of mungbean was increased by 21.81, 34.03 and 15.98 per cent, respectively with this treatment over untreated control. The seed germination, seedling vigour index and field emergence in untreated control was 71.83 per cent, 2261.52 and 67.83 per cent, respectively.

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