scholarly journals I​nfluence of Treated POME Sludge Vermicomposting on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Maize Growth Performances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Z. Afieqah ◽  
I.M. Isa ◽  
M.F. Fauzi ◽  
M.R. Ariffin ◽  
K. Mohd Nizar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Weight Density ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

Background: Transforming the abundance of palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge into beneficial substances such as an organic amendments is vital in the recycling of waste. Vermicomposting from treated POME sludge (TPS) was evaluated on the effect of soil physicochemical properties, crop performances and to determine the best treatment effect on the biomass of the hybrid grain maize (Zea mays L.). Methods: The experimental layout was designed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The grain maize cultivated in Bungor series soil (Ultisol) comprising of (T1) control (NPK fertilizer), (T2) 1 kg of vermicompost, (T3) 2 kg vermicompost, (T4) 1 kg TPS and T5 (2 kg TPS) with six replications, for a period of 100 days from June to September 2019. Half of the NPK fertilizer dosage applied from the recommended practices. Result: The treatments with 50% reduction of NPK rate significantly (p less than 0.05) affected soil physicochemical properties. The dry matter production, crop performance analysis (net photosynthesis, stomata conductance and transpiration rate) and root weight density were also increased significantly using 2 kg of vermicompost treatment. Vermicompost application demonstrated the best treatment effect on soil properties and grain maize productivity. Utilization of POME sludge waste into organic amendment through vermicomposting approach would become very crucial practices to be adopted in reducing the abundance waste.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Organic Amendments against Rice Root-KnotNematode at Seedling Stage of Rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabin Kumar Dangal ◽  
D. Sharma Poudyal ◽  
S. M. Shrestha ◽  
C. Adhikari ◽  
J. M. Duxbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Rice Root ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Meloidogyne Graminicola ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Lesion Severity

Pot experiment was conducted during July-September 2006 to evaluate some organic amendments such as sesame (Sesamum indicum) biomass, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) biomass, neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves, chinaberry (Melia azedarch) leaves and chicken manure @ 1, 2 and 3 t ha-1 each against the rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola Golden & Birchfield) in direct seeded rice. The treatments were replicated five times in a randomized complete block design. The number of second stage juveniles (J2) of M. graminicola was significantly low in chicken manure @ 3 t ha-1. The root knot severity index was significantly low in sesame @ 3 t ha-1, chinaberry @ 3, 2 or 1 t ha-1, neem @ 3 t ha-1 and chicken manure @ 2 or 3 t ha-1 amended soil but root lesion severity index was lower only in chicken manure @ 2 t ha-1 treated plots. The fresh shoot weight and length were significantly high in chicken manure amendment @ 2 or 3 t ha-1 at 45th day after seeding. However, the fresh root weight, length, number of leaves and number of J2 recovered from the roots were non-significant. Key words: biomass; juveniles; Meloidogyne graminicola; root-knot severity index; root lesion severity index DOI: 10.3126/njst.v9i0.3160 Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 9 (2008) 21-27

scholarly journals Effect of Different Mulching Materials on Some Growth Parameters of Maize (Zea maysL) and Soil Physicochemical Properties.

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Chime E.U ◽  
Nweke I.A ◽  
Ibeh C.U
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Elephant Grass

Effects of different mulching materials on some growth parameters of maize and its influence on soil physicochemical properties were studied under Igbariamagro-ecology, during the rainy season of May to August 2019. The four types of mulches were laid out in a randomized complete Block design (RCBD), with four treatments and four replications. The four mulching treatments are Black polythene, while polythene, elephant grass, and no mulch, 5t/ha of cow dung manure was added to 18 experimental plots as Blank treatments. The growth, agronomic parameters, and soil physicochemical properties were monitored. Results indicated that elephant grass mulch significantly (P<0.5) increased the number of leaves, plant height, and stem girth when compared with other treatments. The treatments generally increased total porosity compared with the control. Bulk density and dispersion ratio significantly decreased in all treatments. There was a significant increase in aeration porosity. Field capacity and plant available water were significantly increased (p = 0.05). Buffer capacity, cation exchange capacity, and electrical conductivity were significantly increased with the application of treatments (p = 0.05). Particularly striking was the effect of Elephant grass mulch treatment on soil electrical conductivity which induced a 78.4±4.1 increase compared with the control 22.1±1.0. There was no significant increase in soluble cation. Therefore, elephant grass mulch could be applied alternatively in inorganic mulch and inorganic fertilizer for improved maize production.

scholarly journals Influence of Soil Amendment Practices on Soil Physicochemical Properties, Growths and Edible Leaf Yield of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) in Enugu South Eastern Area of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
O. E. Ngwu ◽  
V. N. Edeh
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Plant Residue ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
Fluted Pumpkin ◽  
Leaf Yield

The effect of inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15-15-15), mulching materials (plant residue), poultry manure (droppings) and lime (CaCO3) on soil physicochemical properties, growth and edible leaf yield of fluted pumpkin it was studied in 2019 in farming seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Management Enugu State University of Science and Technology. A Randomized Complete Block Design with five (5) treatments and four (4) replications were used for the experiment. The result of this experiment showed that inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15-15-15), produced significantly (P=0.05) 250 kg/ha, increased leaf area index (LAI), higher number of branches, highest fresh weight and gave longer vine length than line (CaCO3) 250 kg/ha, mulching materials (plant residue) 250 kg/ha and poultry manure (droppings) 250 kg/ha.

scholarly journals Effect of sole and combined application of cocoa pod husk ash and cocoa pod husk powder on growth and yield of raddish (raphanus sativus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aboyeji Christoher Muyiwa ◽  
Olabode Olamilekan Adebayo
Keyword(s):  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husk ◽  
Length Data ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
High Level

This study was carried out at the Teaching and Research farm Landmark University, Omu-Aran. Treatments consisted of 3 levels of cocoa pod husk ash (0, 2 and 4 tonnes CPHA ha-1), 3 levels of cocoa pod husk powder (0, 2 and 4 tonnes CPHP ha-1), NPK and the control. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated four times. The following parameters were taken plant height, number of leaves (at 2, 3, and 4 weeks after sowing), total plant weight, root weight, leaf weight, roots girth and roots length. Data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Using S.A.S, 2000. Treatment means were compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 0.05 level of probability. Results showed that chemical analysis of cocoa pod ash and powder contained plant nutrients as N, P, K, Ca, Mg and some other micronutrients in varying proportions. Application of CPHA 4 CPHP 2 gave higher values for all the vegetative parameters. The implication of this study is that high level of cocoa pod husk powder in combination with high level of cocoa pod husk ash is detrimental to radish cultivation. In the same vein, the nutrition of radish was incomplete when NPK fertilizer was applied. It can therefore be recommended that the use of combined application of cocoa pod ash and cocoa pod powder at CPHA4 + CPHP2 was sufficient for the cultivation of radish (Raphanus sativus) in the study area as it compete favourably with application of NPK fertilizer.

scholarly journals Soil Physicochemical Properties Variation in Black Soil after the Long-term Application of Different Organic Amendments

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Yaa Opoku-Kwanowaa ◽  
Jinggui Wu ◽  
Xiaodong Chen ◽  
Ahmed Sharaf ◽  
Sonny Gad Attipoe
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Study Results

Aims: This research aimed to assess how the physicochemical properties of black soil respond to different organic amendments after 10 years of application. Study Design: The experiment was established in 2010 and followed a randomized block design consisting of 24 plots (5 m × 5 m) 25 m2 with eight treatments in three replicates. Place and Duration of Study: The study site was located at the Jilin Agricultural University Research Farm, Northeast China (43°48′ N, 125°23′ E; km). Methodology: The treatments for the study included an annual input of chemical fertilizer and organic amendments at the surface of the soil. The treatments were: Control (CK), chicken manure (JM), fodder grass (FG), mushroom (MS), maize straw (MZ), tree leaf (TL), pig manure (PM) and cow manure (CM). Chemical fertilizers were added at the rate of 165 kg of N, 82.5 kg of P and 82.5 kg of K ha_1 per year. Application rates of organic materials were adjusted to similar amounts of organic matter (2000 kgha−1). In June 2019, soil samples were collected from each of the amended fields. In each field, three sampling points were randomly selected. Soil samples were collected from the 0 – 20 cm depth using a core sampler then taken to the laboratory for soil physicochemical properties analysis. Results: Comparing the results of the organic treatments with CK, bulk density decreased by 5.6-18.0% while porosity, EC, pH, total N and SOC significantly increased in the organic treatments by 6.0-25.9%, 8.3-25.0%, 0.52-1.7%, 2.7-54.7% and 1.3-18.4% respectively. The textural class of soil under the different treatments did not change however, the distribution of soil particle size varied among the treatments, where high clay and silt content were recorded in the amended fields. Moreover, the application of different organic materials significantly affected the soil aggregate stability and this was attributed to the increase in organic matter content which accelerated important microbial activities in the soil to improve aggregation. At higher suction potentials, higher water contents were recorded in the organic amended fields mainly due to the improved physical properties of the soil. Conclusion: The study results showed that the application of organic amendments greatly improves the physical and chemical properties of black soil. Therefore, using these organic amendments can serve as an effective strategy to enhance soil quality and fertility.

scholarly journals Effects of Soil and Water Conservation Structures on Selected Soil Physicochemical Properties: The Case of Ejersa Lafo District, Central Highlands of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Adugna Tolesa ◽  
Siraj Mammo ◽  
Eve Bohnett
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil And Water Conservation ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil And Water

Land degradation in the form of soil erosion and fertility depletion is the major environmental problem in Ethiopia. However, to curb this problem, soil and water conservation (SWC) structures are commonly practiced in many rural parts of Ethiopia. This study was conducted to assess the effects of SWC structures on selected soil physicochemical properties in Ejersa Lafo district. For this study, two kebeles (peasant associations) were selected purposively from the district based on the severity of soil erosion and information on SWC practices. The research design employed in this study was systematic, randomized, complete block design. A total of 12 composite soil samples were collected from the depth of 0 to 20 cm at two subwatersheds, namely, Jamjam laga batu and Koriso Odo guba with SWC and without SWC structures at three landscape positions. All the soil samples were analyzed following the standard and recommended procedures. The effect of independent variables (SWC practices and landscape positions) on the dependent variables (soil properties) was statistically tested using the SPSS computer program 21. In this study, most of the selected soil physicochemical properties were affected by watershed management intervention (SWC) structures. Soil moisture content (SMC), clay, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total N (TN), available (AP), available K (AK), and organic carbon (OC) were higher in the subwatershed treated with SWC structures (conserved), whereas bulk density, silt, and sand were higher in the subwatershed without SWC structures (nonconserved). Most of the selected soil chemical properties were significantly varied ( p < 0.05 ) between conserved and nonconserved farm land except EC. All the selected soil physicochemical properties did not show any significant variation ( p < 0.05 ) at landscape positions except sandy soil. The physicochemical soil properties of selected parameters were in good conditions in the conserved areas with higher N and OM and lower BD, indicating fertility of the soil compared with the nonconserved land. The implementation of SWC structures improved some of the physicochemical properties of soil, such as SMC, clay particle, pH, EC, total N, AP, AK, and OC in the study area. Furthermore, efforts are required to enhance community adoption towards soil and water conservation. Additionally, further research has to be carried out on socioeconomic aspects and impacts of the intervention on crop productivity for better understanding of the sustainable use of the land.

scholarly journals Biochar and Other Organic Amendments Improve the Physicochemical Properties of Soil in Highly Degraded Habitat

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-338
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Getahun ◽  
Diriba Muleta ◽  
Fassil Assefa ◽  
Solomon Kiros ◽  
Mariangela Hungria
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Randomized Block Design

 Land degradation is an endless challenge in the world. Thus, rehabilitation with organic amendments (OAs) is an urgent priority issue. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of biochar and other OAs application on soil physicochemical properties and growth parameters of cover crops in greenhouse. Biochar, compost and manure were used as OAs. Soil samples were collected from nine random corners of 30 cm depth and composited. In each experiment, five treatments were considered (biochar, compost, manure, mixed and control) at 1:1 ratio of OAs and soil in a pot, with completely randomized design arrangement in triplicate. The field experiment was made on completely randomized block design and each block contained five 41 x 4 m plots assigned at random within the block and separated by 1 m walkways. OAs additions increased soil pH (5.69-8.13), cation exchange capacity (43.78-49.98 cmolc/kg), organic carbon (1.41-2.46%), organic matter (2.43-3.91%), total nitrogen (0.13-0.76%), available P (18.89-28.53 ppm) and (iron, Fe, manganese, Mn, copper, Cu and zinc, Zn) in comparison to non-treated soil. Tripartite treatments had the largest effect on the biomass of cover crops with 3.43 g fivefold of the control (0.7 g) in alfalfa and 4.54 g twofold of the control (2.07 g) in grass pea p ≤ 0.05. Both in field and greenhouse experiments combination of biochar and other OAs showed a better soil fertility increment and plant growth parameters. The study concluded that there is a synergistic effect in OAs on the soil fertility restoration and plant growth performance.

PENGGUNAAN MEDIA TANAM DAN PUPUK NPK TERHADAP HASIL RUMPUT TEKI (Cyperus rotundus) SERTA ANALISA KANDUNGAN KERIPIK OLAHANNYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiwik Endah Rahayu ◽  
Atika Romalasari
Keyword(s):  
Research Result ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Tuber Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Media ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Weight Number

Nut grass is Cyperaceae group and underestimated its existence. Nut grass has many benefits so  potential to be developed. This study aims to determine the effect of planting media and the addition of NPK fertilizer to the growth of the nut grass and find out the nutrient content of chips made from nut grass tuber. The design of this study was factorial complete randomized design (RAL) which consisted of two factors. First factor is Planting Media, consist of M1 = soil, M2 = Soil: Sand (2: 1), M3 = Soil: Compost Fertilizer (2: 1) and M4 = Soil: Cage Fertilizer (2: 1) and second factor is fertilizer dosage NPK 15: 15: 15 with the level P1 = Without NPK fertilizer, P2 = 5 g NPK fertilizer, P3 = 10 g NPK fertilizer. Research result showed that the media significantly affected the number of clumps, root weight, clump weight, overall weight and number of flowers but did not significantly affect the height, number of tubers and tuber weight. Fertilizer significantly affected the number of clumps, root weight, clump weight, overall weight, number of flowers, number of tubers and tuber weight but did not significantly affect the height at P≤0.05 level. Interaction between planting media and NPK fertilizer did not significantly affect all parameters. Keywords: Chips, NPK Fertilizer, Nut Grass, Planting Media

scholarly journals Effect of Low Zeolite Doses on Plants and Soil Physicochemical Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2617
Author(s):  
Alicja Szatanik-Kloc ◽  
Justyna Szerement ◽  
Agnieszka Adamczuk ◽  
Grzegorz Józefaciuk
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Holding

Thousands of tons of zeolitic materials are used yearly as soil conditioners and components of slow-release fertilizers. A positive influence of application of zeolites on plant growth has been frequently observed. Because zeolites have extremely large cation exchange capacity, surface area, porosity and water holding capacity, a paradigm has aroused that increasing plant growth is caused by a long-lasting improvement of soil physicochemical properties by zeolites. In the first year of our field experiment performed on a poor soil with zeolite rates from 1 to 8 t/ha and N fertilization, an increase in spring wheat yield was observed. Any effect on soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), surface area (S), pH-dependent surface charge (Qv), mesoporosity, water holding capacity and plant available water (PAW) was noted. This positive effect of zeolite on plants could be due to extra nutrients supplied by the mineral (primarily potassium—1 ton of the studied zeolite contained around 15 kg of exchangeable potassium). In the second year of the experiment (NPK treatment on previously zeolitized soil), the zeolite presence did not impact plant yield. No long-term effect of the zeolite on plants was observed in the third year after soil zeolitization, when, as in the first year, only N fertilization was applied. That there were no significant changes in the above-mentioned physicochemical properties of the field soil after the addition of zeolite was most likely due to high dilution of the mineral in the soil (8 t/ha zeolite is only ~0.35% of the soil mass in the root zone). To determine how much zeolite is needed to improve soil physicochemical properties, much higher zeolite rates than those applied in the field were studied in the laboratory. The latter studies showed that CEC and S increased proportionally to the zeolite percentage in the soil. The Qv of the zeolite was lower than that of the soil, so a decrease in soil variable charge was observed due to zeolite addition. Surprisingly, a slight increase in PAW, even at the largest zeolite dose (from 9.5% for the control soil to 13% for a mixture of 40 g zeolite and 100 g soil), was observed. It resulted from small alterations of the soil macrostructure: although the input of small zeolite pores was seen in pore size distributions, the larger pores responsible for the storage of PAW were almost not affected by the zeolite addition.

The effects of biochar addition on soil physicochemical properties: A review

CATENA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 105284
Author(s):  
Yafu Zhang ◽  
Jinman Wang ◽  
Yu Feng
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties
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