Study on Irrigation Levels Based on IW/CPE Ratio and Irrigation Methods on Growth and Yield of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenium graecum L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Lal ◽  
R Singh ◽  
R S Metha ◽  
N K Meena ◽  
M K Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Sprinkler System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The current study was carried out to investigate the effect of different irrigation methods with water level based on IW/CPE ratio on growth and seed yield of fenugreek during the rabi season of 2 consecutive years (2016-17) at ICAR-National Research Centre on Seed Spices (NRCSS), Tabiji, Ajmer, Rajasthan. This investigation consisted of four irrigation regimes (IW/CPE ratio viz 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) and three irrigation methods ie. (Micro sprinkler, Drip irrigation and Surface irrigation). The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with four replications. Among the irrigation methods tested, drip and micro sprinkler system gave maximum irrigation efficiency and minimum yield loss than surface irrigation. Results showed that irrigation regimes 0.6 IW/CPE ratio with drip irrigation gave superior seed yields (2049.80 kg ha-1) of fenugreek compared to other treatments. Total water applied was 321.96 mm by different irrigation methods. Water productivity and water use efficiency was found highest in 0.4 IW/CPE ratio followed by 0.6 IW/CPE ratio from the finding of the investigation. It was inferred that farmers were over irrigating their farms without equivalent returns. The water saved through use of optimized irrigation method and level can be used more profitably to irrigate supplemental lands, thus achieving a more efficient and rational use of land and water resources.

scholarly journals Biological Response of Lallemantia iberica to Brassinolide Treatment under Different Watering Conditions

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 496
Author(s):  
Saeid Naservafaei ◽  
Yousef Sohrabi ◽  
Parviz Moradi ◽  
Eileen Mac Sweeney ◽  
Andrea Mastinu
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Watering Treatment

Lallemantia iberica (L. iberica) is an important dry season medicinal plant. Drought, an important abiotic stress, adversely affects the plant’s metabolism, which can be alleviated by plant growth regulators like brassinolides. A two-year field experiment was conducted in 2017–2018 to determine the effects of three different irrigation regimes and four brassinolide concentrations on the L. iberica biochemical properties. A split-plot based on a completely randomized block design in three replicates was used as an experimental design with the following irrigation regimes: full watering, watering until flowering and watering until branching. These were the main plots, and 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 μM brassinolide concentrations were applied as the subplots. The results showed that many antioxidant enzymes and some biochemical parameters were affected by brassinolide treatment. Furthermore, the highest membrane stability and grain yield were produced in full watering treatment in the second year, and these treatments were not affected by brassinolide application. Several concentrations of brassinolide differently affected the studied treatments, and our study suggests that the amelioration of the effects of the drought stress on L. iberica could possibly be achieved through brassinolide-induced elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging defense systems. There is a need for complementary research to prove the effectiveness of foliar application of this growth regulator to improve the growth and yield of L. iberica under water shortage conditions.

Improving productivity of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under drip and micro sprinkler fertigation system

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeetendra Kumar Soni ◽  
N. Asoka Raja ◽  
Vimal Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Benefit Cost

A field investigation was carried out in farmer’s field at Pudhupalayam, TNAU, Coimbatore, during 2015, to improve the productivity of groundnut variety TMV 13 under drip and micro sprinkler fertigation system. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications comprising of 11 treatments. Results indicated that maximum pod yield (3495 kg ha-1), haulm yield (6452 kg ha-1), harvest index (0.351) and shelling per cent (73.95 per cent) were obtained with drip irrigation at 100% PE with fertigation at 100% RDF as WSF (T1). The water saving achieved under drip irrigation was 40.08% and 55.06% at 100% and 75% PE, respectively, whereas, under micro-sprinkler, it was 25.10% and 43.83% at 100% and 75% PE, respectively over surface irrigation. Higher WUE of 19.28 kg/ha-mm recorded under drip irrigation at 75% PE with fertigation at 100% RDF as WSF (T2) followed by drip irrigation at 100% PE with fertigation at 100% RDF as WSF (T1: 15.88 kg/ha-mm). Highest NUE (23.30 kg kg-1 NPK ha-1) was recorded in drip irrigation at 100% PE with fertigation at 100% RDF as WSF (T1). Drip irrigation at 100% PE with fertigation at 100% RDF as WSF (T1) recorded higher gross return (Rs. 254353 ha-1) and net return (Rs.134712 ha-1). Whereas, the benefit cost ratio was highest in micro sprinkler at 100% PE with fertigation at 100% RDF as WSF (T6: 2.41). The margin benefit cost ratio (MBCR) was recorded highest under micro sprinkler at 100% PE with fertigation at 100% RDF as WSF (T6: 2.53) as compared to all other treatments.

scholarly journals Leaf miner incidence in coffee plants under different drip irrigation regimes and planting densities

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gleice Aparecida Assis ◽  
Franscinely Aparecida Assis ◽  
Myriane Stella Scalco ◽  
Francisco José Toloza Parolin ◽  
Iraci Fidelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Coffee Plants

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different drip irrigation regimes and planting densities on the incidence of the leaf miner, Leucoptera coffeella, in arabica coffee plants for one year. The experiment was carried out in 2008, in a complete randomized block design, in a split-plot in time arrangement, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of four drip irrigation regimes - soil water balance, irrigations at 20 and 60 kPa soil tensions, and a nonirrigated treatment -, which were distributed at three plant densities: 2, 500, 5, 000, and 10, 000 plants per hectare. The evaluations were made on a monthly basis between January and December 2008. The highest pest occurrence period was from August to November, a season with low-air relative humidity preceded by a drought period. Irrigated coffee plants showed an incidence of intact mines 2.2 times lower than that of nonirrigated plants. Irrigation and increasing of plant density contribute to the reduction of coffee leaf miner occurrence.

scholarly journals The Effects of Regulated Deficit Irrigation on the Growth and Yield of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Grown in the Malkerns Area, a Region in the Kingdom of Eswatini (Southern Africa)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. V. Dlamini ◽  
S. Zwane
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The University

Water is fast becoming an economically scarce resource in many areas of the world, including Eswatini, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. A study to test the response of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) to deficit irrigation was conducted in a field plot experiment at the Faculty of Agriculture at the Luyengo Campus of the University of Eswatini. The treatments were laid in a randomized block design. The experiment consisted of four treatments, each replicated three times. Treatment 1 (T1) was irrigated daily, treatment 2 (T2) irrigated after 2 days, treatment 3 (T3) irrigated after 3 days and treatment 4 (T4) irrigated after 4 days. A total of 30 lettuce plants were planted in each treatment. The lettuce was grown for a period of four weeks and then harvested whole. Yield parameters measured included the number of leaves, the plant height (cm), leaf area index (LAI), and the fresh and dry head mass (grams). Significant differences (P < 0.01) between treatments T3 and T4 were obtained for fresh and dry lettuce head mass. The highest water use efficiency and crop water productivity were obtained in treatment T3. It was concluded that irrigating lettuce every three days was the best option for the area under the conditions of the experiment.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Levels of Sulphur on Growth and Yield of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Under Drip Irrigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
M. Mustafa Haris ◽  
Khuwaja Safiullah Osmani ◽  
M. Mobin Younusi
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Neck Thickness ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Bulb Yield

A Field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of sulphur on growth and yield of onion under drip irrigation on years (2013-2014) at RHREC, College of Horticulture, Bangalore. The experiment was conducted with a Randomized block design with four replications. The treatments comprised of 7 combinations (0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 kg S/ha) in which sulphur was supplied through gypsum. The results indicated significantly higher bulb yield (61.96t ha-1) and yield components like average bulb weight, bulb yield per plot and marketable bulb yield was obtained due to application of recommended dosage of fertilizer plus 45 kg S ha-1. The growth components viz., plant height, number of leaves, collar thickness and neck thickness showed significant with the application of result in the recommended dosage of fertilizer plus 45 kg S ha-1. Compared to other levels of sulphur.

scholarly journals Effect of Water Stress on Crop Yield and Water Productivity of Drip-irrigated Pepper (Capsicum Spp.) in Southwest Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Oluwagbayide ◽  
Muyiwa A. Okusanya ◽  
Anthony A. Amori ◽  
Joshua O. Akintade
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Capsicum Spp

This research presents the effects of water stress on crop yield and water productivity of two local varieties of pepper (Capsicum spp.) under various drip irrigation regimes in Southwest Nigeria. Study Design: The study was conducted during the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of Agricultural and Bio-Environmental Engineering of Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Nigeria. The experiment was a 2 x 4 factorial experiments arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two varieties of pepper (Capsicum chinense and Capsicum frutescens) and four drip irrigation regimes: 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of actual crop evapotranspiration (ET100, 75, 50, 25) and replicated four times. The experiment was repeated in the second year late season. Water was applied from 3 weeks after transplanting (WAT) after which growth parameters, crop water productivity and crop yield were monitored and subjected to statistical analyses. The water productivity, crop yield and other crop growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, fruit length and weight were higher during the two seasons for the two pepper varieties under ET100 and ET75 irrigation regimes compared with ET50 and ET25 respectively. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in the growth parameters in all the treatments. However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the water productivity components for ET100 and ET75 irrigation regimes. The best water productivity was observed for the ET75 drip irrigation regime. Therefore, the ET75 regime was recommended for the two pepper varieties to ensure sustainable cultivation and production of the two varieties in the study area.

scholarly journals Sources and Rates of Potassium for Drip Irrigation of Polyethylene-mulched Bean Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (03) ◽  
pp. 182-192
Author(s):  
Versi Putra Jaya Hulu ◽  
Heni Purnamawati ◽  
Anas Dinurrohman Susila ◽  
Slamet Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Potassium Sources ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Main Factor

Common bean is a type of vegetable that can be consumed in the form of young pods. Potassium is one of the macronutrients needed to achieve maximum yield in common bean. Therefore this research is aimed at determining a suitable potassium source as well as an appropriate rate for drip irrigation in common bean using polyethylene mulch. The study was conducted from January to May 2018 at University Farm, IPB University. This experiment was set up as a nested randomized block design with two factors i.e. potassium sources as the main factor ( KCl, ZK, and NPK), and potassium rates (0, 37.5, 75, 112.5, 150 kg of K2O per ha). Fertilizer rates were nested in the main factor and fertilizers were applied Fertilization through a drip irrigation fertigation system with emitters placed close to the roots of plants. Fertilizer sources had significant effects on the variables of growth and bean yields. NPK resulted in a better growth and yield compared with KCl and ZK. Fertilizer sources that have very significant effect were likely related to the shape and solubility of the fertilizers, the ease of application, and also completeness of nutrient content in fertilizer. Based on the pod weight per plot, the productivity per hectare of bean pods produced in this study reached 7.52 ton.ha-1. Potassium (K2O) rate did not have significant effects on the variables of growth and yields of the bean.

scholarly journals Modeling and Evaluation of AquaCrop for Maize (zea mays L.) under Full and Deficit Irrigation in Semi-Arid Tropics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Roja ◽  
K. S. Kumar ◽  
V. Ramulu ◽  
Ch. Deepthi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Simulation Performance ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
Model Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

FAO AquaCrop is a simulation model that predicts the effects of soil, climate, water and crop growth on water productivity, yield and its attributes of various crops. In the present study, performance evaluation of AquaCrop model for maize was assessed for rabi maize during 2015 at Water Technology Centre, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. The experiment was laid in a randomized block design with eight treatments in three replications. The treatments comprised of surface and drip irrigation schedules based on Epan viz., surface irrigation at 0.6 IW/CPE ratio (T1), 0.8 IW/CPE ratio (T2), 1.0 IW/CPE ratio (T3), 1.2 IW/CPE ratio (T4), drip irrigation at 0.6 Epan (T5), 0.8 Epan (T6), 1.0 Epan (T7) and 1.2 Epan (T8). The model was evaluated using crop data resulted from the experiment under varying water application methods and levels. Simulation performance was assessed with statistical parameters viz., statistical co-efficient of determination (R2), prediction error (Pe), model efficiency (E), root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The model results are in quite agreement with practical values for grain yield, biomass and water productivity with model efficiency of 0.99, 0.92 and 0.71, coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.90, 0.91 and 0.93 with an RMSE of 0.24, 0.10 and 0.05, respectively. The model prediction errors in simulation of grain yield, biomass and water productivity under all treatments ranged from 1.4% to 11.9%, 1.4% to 16.1% and 4.85% to 25.9%, respectively. The highest and lowest prediction accuracy for grain yield, biomass and water productivity were in drip irrigation at 1.2 Epan and surface irrigation at 0.6 IW/CPE ratios. It is inferred that FAO AquaCrop model is suitable for predicting grain yield, biomass, water productivity and green canopy cover with acceptable range of under and over predictions for maize in semi-arid tropical climate.

scholarly journals Sunflower cultivation under different irrigation systems and planting spacings in the sub-middle region of São Francisco Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 2899-2910
Author(s):  
Welson Lima Simões ◽  
◽  
Jucicléia Soares da Silva ◽  
Anderson Ramos de Oliveira ◽  
Amadeu Regitano Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Sprinkler System ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Middle Region ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The growth and yield of sunflower plants can be influenced by the plant population arrangement and the type of irrigation system adopted to meet the water requirements of the crop. This study examines the influence of different irrigation systems and spacings between planting rows on the development of sunflower cultivars for the sub-middle region of São Francisco Valley. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with a split-plot arrangement in which the plots consisted of three irrigation systems (drip, micro-sprinkler and sprinkler); sub-plots were represented by three spacings between planting rows (0.65, 0.55 and 0.45 m); and sub-sub-plots corresponded to two sunflower cultivars (Hélio 251 and Hélio 360). The following variables were analyzed: plant height; number of leaves; stem diameter; number of heads; head diameter; dry biomass of stems, leaves and heads; and achene yield. The different irrigation systems and row spacings markedly influenced the growth of the sunflower cultivars. The highest yield of cultivar Hélio 251 was obtained with the drip irrigation system and 0.55 m spacing. Cultivar Hélio 360 achieved the highest yields when irrigated by the micro-sprinkler system at 0.55 and 0.45 m spacing. In the sprinkler irrigation system, cultivar Hélio 360 obtained the highest yield at 0.45 m spacing.

scholarly journals Water productivity and production function in irrigated millet crop

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 2837
Author(s):  
Rogério Ricalde Torres ◽  
Adroaldo Dias Robaina ◽  
Marcia Xavier Peiter ◽  
Luis Humberto Bahú Ben ◽  
Wellington Mezzomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Quadratic Equation ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Determining the function that correlates water productivity with crop yield is essential for the correct sizing and management of irrigated agricultural systems. The objectives of this study are to determine forage production (FP) of millet at different irrigation levels and water productivity. Two experiments were conducted using millet crop sown in the 2014/2015 growing season in Santiago, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and in the 2015/2016 growing season in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. The experiments were carried out using a completely randomized block design with four repetitions and six irrigation regimes (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125% of reference evapotranspiration-ETo). Dry matter (DM) production of plants collected at 50, 80, 110, and 140 days after sowing and water productivity were determined. Irrigation had a significant effect on millet FP (kg DM ha-1) during the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 growing seasons after adjusting the quadratic equation. The maximum technical efficiency in the two growing seasons was reached at 125% of ETo, with FP of 15,494.47 kg ha-1 and 14,779.50 kg ha-1, respectively. Water productivity was not significantly different between treatments, yieldingan average of 1.86 kg DM m-3 and 1.69 kg DM m-3 in the two seasons, respectively. The curve of average FP estimated with the logistic equation accurately represents the total FP in the two seasons. Millet crop is susceptible to water deficits, and the irrigation regime of 125% ETo achieved the highest FP in both growing seasons. However, the adopted irrigation regimes did not significantly affect water productivity.

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