scholarly journals Response of chickpea genotypes to drought stress under normal and late sown conditions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derya Yücel
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Agriculture Research Institute ◽  
High Seed Yield ◽  
Late Sowing

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important legumes widely grown for dietary proteins in semi-arid Mediterranean climatic conditions. Thirty-four selected chickpea genotypes were tested under two (winter and late sowing) conditions to assess the genetic diversity for drought tolerance capacity. Factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted during 2015 and 2016 at the Eastern Mediterranean Agriculture Research Institute Adana, Turkey. Significant differences and reduction was observed amongst the genotypes under stress condition compared to normal one. All traits except seed yield and hundred seed weight in 2015 were higher than those in 2016. Besides, all investigated traits significantly decreased in stress condition experiment compared to non-stress one in both years. It was observed that seven genotypes viz., ICC 1205, ILC 8617, ILC 4567, FLIP 03-21 C, FLIP 03-42 C, FLIP 01-24 C and ENA 8-2 genotypes provide early expressed early vegetative growth stages. Besides, Aksu, Arda, Çakýr, Dikbaþ, EN 808, ENA 8-2, FLIP 03-108 C, ICC 1205 and Seçkin had high seed yield under drought conditions during two years. Therefore, these genotypes can be used as donors of drought tolerance in future breeding program of chickpea.

Experience of soybean cultivation in the Kaluga Department of Agricultural Machinery SC.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Sergeev ◽  
◽  
A.Yu. Pivkin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Kaluga Region ◽  
High Seed Yield

The experience of cultivation of soybeans in SC "Agricultural machinery" of the Kaluga region on an area of 190 hectares shows that the soybean variety Alaska is sufficiently adapted to the soil and climatic conditions of this region, provides a high seed yield (up to 32 c / ha) and a high yield (up to 1344 kg / ha) relatively inexpensive protein. However, this variety has a long growing season (95-105 days) and therefore desiccation of crops is required for harvesting for seeds.

scholarly journals Creating and Characterisation of New Red Clover Variety ‘Jancis’/ Sarkanâ Âboliòa Ðíirnes ‘Jancis’ Izveidoðana Un Tâs Raksturojums

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 180-183
Author(s):  
Biruta Jansone ◽  
Sarmīte Rancāne ◽  
Pēteris Bērziņš ◽  
Aldis Jansons
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Bright Pink ◽  
Long Stem ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
High Seed Yield

Abstract The aim of this work was to develop a red clover variety adapted to agro-climatic conditions of Latvia, suitable for different requirements of forage producers, resistant to most widespread diseases and producing high seed yield annually. Medium late ripening diploid red clover variety ‘Jancis’ was created at the LLU Research Institute of Agriculture in long-term work carried out since 1985. After free pollination of best samples of red clover collections from the VIR (St. Petersburg), individual and family selection among hybrids were carried out for approximately 20 years. Finally, best breeding line Nr. 43047 was registered as a variety ‘Jancis’. The variety is characterised by good winter hardiness, high dry matter yield (10-12 t·ha-1) and good persistence in the sward - up to 3-4 years. The variety is characterised by a long stem (90-110 cm) with 8-9 internodes, dark green leaves with a distinctive brighter picture, medium length and width of medial leaflet, and bright pink flower heads. ‘Jancis’ has stable annual seed yield in the conditions of Latvia; under favourable conditions reaching 500- 600 kg·ha-1 seeds. Since 2010, the variety ‘Jancis’ has been included in the common Latvian and EU Plant Variety Catalogue.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Variability for Yield and its Components in Normal and Late Sown Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Yücel
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Late Sowing

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the important legumes widely grown for dietary proteins in semi-arid Mediterranean climatic conditions. The main goal of any breeding programs in the world is to produce high yield and better quality genotypes for farmers and commercial growers to be released as cultivars. Present research has been conducted to select more desirable characteristics that may contribute to the improvement of drought tolerant chickpea. Thirty-two chickpea genotypes along with two control varieties were evaluated in winter and late sowing conditions in 2015 and 2016, in randomized complete block design with three replications. Phenotypic coefficients of variation were found to be higher than genotypic coefficients of variation for all the traits. The highest heritability along with high genetic advance was found for hundred seed weight followed by podding day, plant height, flowering day and first pod height in normal and stress conditions. These traits can be improved by giving special attention during selection.

scholarly journals Evaluation of eight isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) germplasm performance grown under different climatic conditions in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
Md. Riazul Islam ◽  
Md. Nazmul Hasan Mehedi ◽  
Md. Moniruzzaman ◽  
Abu Jafor Mohammad Obaidullah ◽  
Abu Hena Faisal Fahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Plantago Ovata ◽  
Prime Concern ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The extent of genetic diversity in the crop plants is of prime concern to plant breeders and germplasm curators. Therefore, a study was employed to determine the genetic diversity and to evaluate the performance of eight genotypes of isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) through analysis of morpho-physiological and yield attributing characteristics. All the germplasm was collected from different areas of Bangladesh. The experiments were conducted at the research field of Regional Spices Research Centre, Magura during the rabi season, 2019-20 to characterize phenotypically and to evaluate the performance of different isabgol germplasm. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The highest plant height (42.33 cm), number of tillers per plant (7.33), number of leaves per plant (74), length of leaf (30.00 cm), number of spikes per plant (29.0), length of spike (4.03 cm), 1000 seeds weight (2.0 g)  and seed yield (823 kg ha-1) of isabgol was found from the germplasm PO-001 and the lowest  plant height (39.67 cm), number of tillers per plant (6.33), number of leaves per plant (69.33), length of leaf (26.33 cm), number of spikes per plant (23.0), length of spike (3.67 cm), 1000 seeds weight (1.87 g) and seed yield (705 kg ha-1) of isabgol was found from the germplasm PO-007. On the basis of this field trail in terms of seed yield and other important agronomic characteristics the genotypes PO-001 can be chosen for future breeding material to release a commercial variety in Bangladesh climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Irrigation and N-fertigation Levels on Broccoli Performance in a Polynet House

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
Sathyamurthy Naik ◽  
K. S. Kumar ◽  
Sai Kumar Rondla ◽  
K. Kishan
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Npk Uptake ◽  
Set Up

The purpose of this study is to see how the microclimate of the polynet house, irrigation, and fertigation levels affect broccoli output. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design within bounds beneath a polynet house with 320 m2 floor area covered with 50% perforated green colour net. Plant height, dry matter production yield, and its attributes were found to be maximum in drip irrigation (1.0Epan) + 125 % N at all growth stages, as per effect of scheduled irrigation and fertigation levels on crop biometric performance. Drip irrigation (1.0Epan) + 125% N resulted in a high higher yield (22.02 t ha-1); while treatments drip irrigation (1.5 Epan) + 75% N resulted as in lowest yield (18.02 t ha-1).The treatment drip irrigation (1.0Epan) + 125% N had a maximum NPK uptake. Polynet house covered with 50% perforation of green colour is suitable for realizing favorable microclimate for broccoli cultivation. Drip irrigation scheduled at 1.0 E pan with 125%N in the poly net house is recommended for broccoli production in central Telanganaagro-climatic conditions as it maintained high yield and water use efficiency.

scholarly journals Biological and chemical nitrogen fertilizer impact on cumin (Cuminum cyminum L) under different irrigation regimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
Zeynab-Kobra Pishva ◽  
Majid Amini-Dehaghi ◽  
Amir Bostani ◽  
Amir-Mohammad Naji
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Cuminum Cyminum

Introduction: Water and nitrogen deficits are the most important limiting factors for plant growth and crop production in the world. Drought stress would be amplified by the global warming. Moreover, nitrogen scarcity is occurred in most arid and semi-arid areas. Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) is an important plant due to export benefits and low water demand. This study was aimed to evaluate nitrogen fertilizer effect on yield and some physiological characteristics of cumin under different irrigation regimens. Methods: The experiment was performed based on a split plot as randomized complete block design. Experiment treatments were irrigation regimens (field capacity, irrigation by draining 40% of soil water as middle stress, and irrigation by draining 80% of soil water as severe stress) and nitrogen fertilizers (60 kg ha-1 urea, 30 kg ha-1 urea, Nitroxin, and Nitroxin + 30 kg ha-1 urea). Results: Drought stress reduced cumin dry weight, seed yield, and chlorophyll content. In contrary, proline content, malondialdehyde (MDA) rate, phenol content, anthocyanin amount, and activity of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) increased by water stress. Increment urea use resulted in amending cumin growth and seed yield in the field capacity. Also, nitrogen use and raising its rate under the middle water stress caused to improve cumin drought tolerance. However, under the severe water stress, nitrogen application had not a significant impress on drought acclimation and seed yield. Conclusion: Nitroxin inoculation with use of 30 kg ha-1 urea was the most effective treatment to ameliorate seed yield and drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Genetics of drought tolerance at seedling and maturity stages in Zea mays L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazar H. Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ahsan ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Hafeez A. Sadaqat ◽  
Imran Javed
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Seedling Traits ◽  
Fresh Root

Shortage of irrigation water at critical growth stages of maize is limiting its production worldwide. Breeding drought-tolerant cultivars is one possible solution while identification of potential genotypes is crucial for genetic improvement. To assess genetic variation for seedling-stage drought tolerance, we tested 40 inbred lines in a completely randomized design under glasshouse conditions. From these, two contrasting inbred lines were used to develop six basic generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1F1, BC2F2). These populations were then evaluated in a triplicated factorial randomized complete block design under non-stressed and drought-stressed conditions. For statistical analyses, a nested block design was employed to ignore the replication effects. Significant differences (p≤0.01) were recorded among the genotypes for investigated seedling-traits. Absolute values of fresh root length, fresh root weight, and dry root weight lead to select two genotypes, one tolerant (WFTMS) and one susceptible (Q66). Estimates of heritability, genetic advance, and genotypic correlation coefficients were higher and significant for most of the seedling-traits. Generation variance analysis revealed additive gene action. Narrow-sense heritability [F2 ≥ 65; F∞ ≥ 79] revealed the same results. Generation mean analysis signified additive genetic effects in the inheritance of cob girth, non-additive for plant height, grains per ear row and grain yield per plant, and environmental for ear leaf area, cob length, grain rows per ear, biomass per plant, and 100-grain weight under drought-stressed conditions. For conferring drought-tolerance in maize, breeders can adopt the recombinant breeding strategy to pyramid the desirable genes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the development and yielding potential of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. under the climatic conditions of Europe. Part one: accomodation of Chenopodium quinoa (Willd.) to different conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Gęsiński
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
European Countries ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Green Matter ◽  
Southern European Countries ◽  
Very High ◽  
High Seed Yield

Based on the evaluation of selected varieties of <i>Chenopodium quinoa</i>, their requirements were identified; it was shown which varieties demonstrated the best effects in what conditions. It was found that the best varieties for Europe's conditions were E-DK-4-PQCIP and RU-5-PQCIP. E-DK-4-PQCIP variety showed the best effects under the conditions of cluster II which included e.g. Bydgoszcz (Poland) and cluster IV which included Southern European countries (Greece and Italy), while the best effects found in RU-5-PQCIP variety were identified in cluster I which included Sweden. E-DK-4-PQCIP variety in cluster II showed a very high yield of green matter and a mean seed yield, and in cluster IV - a very high seed yield and a high yield of green matter.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Drought Tolerance Indices and Nitrogen Fertilization for Some Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Genotypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. p18
Author(s):  
Iancu Paula ◽  
Păniță Ovidiu ◽  
Soare Marin
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Drought Tolerance Indices ◽  
Tolerance Indices

Water is essential to maximize crop yield and quality. This natural resource has assumed huge importance, especially in the warmest areas, where drought and environmental degradation has affected agricultural production. In order to identify drought tolerance of some groundnut genotypes and to investigate the relationships between seed yield, quality and drought tolerance indices a study was made using 10 promising genotypes. The experiment was carried out during 2014-2017 and sowed under randomized block design with four replicates. It included three factors: two levels of irrigation (a1 – non - irrigated and a2 - irrigated), two levels of fertilization (b1 – non-fertilized and b2 - 100 active Nitrogen/ha) and genotype (C1-C10). Seed yield depending on the influence of the factor, varied from 535.95 Kg/ha (non-irrigated) to 2020.95 Kg/ha (irrigated); from 1055.30 Kg/ha (non-fertilized) to 1501 Kg/ha (fertilized) and from 1111.30 Kg/ha to 1388 Kg/ha depending on genotype. Same influence factors for protein content varied from 25.65% (irrigated) to 28.61% (non-irrigated); from 26.33% (non-fertilized) to 27.93% (fertilized) and from 25.59% to 28.52% depending on genotype. Stress susceptibility index (SSI) varied from 0.964 to 1.040; Stress Tolerance Index (STI) from 0.138 to 0.435; Mean Productivity (MP) from 883.5 to 1616.0; Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP) from 750.3 to 1332.7; Tolerance index (TOL) from 933.0 to 1844.0; Harmonic Mean (HM) from 637.2 to 1099.0; Yield Index (YI) 0.777 to 1.308 and Yield Stability Index (YSI) from 0.236 to 0.309. High values of SSI, STI, YI, DI, RDI and SSPI indicate drought tolerance and those variants present high stability.

Seed yield and biomass allocation in Sorghum bicolor and F1 and backcross generations of S. bicolor × S. halepense hybrids

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon K. Piper ◽  
Peter A. Kulakow
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Reproductive Allocation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Perennial Grains ◽  
High Seed Yield

The Land Institute is developing perennial grains to be grown in prairie-like mixtures. One approach involves the development of a perennial grain sorghum by crossing tetraploid Sorghum bicolor with wild S. halepense to combine high seed yield with overwintering ability via rhizome production. We grew tetraploid S. bicolor, F1 hybrid (BC0), and two backcross generations (BC1 and BC2) in a randomized block design to examine total biomass, seed yield, and allocation to plant parts within and across generations. Root, rhizome, stem and leaf, and total biomass decreased from the BC0 to BC2 to S. bicolor generations, whereas panicle mass, seed mass, and reproductive allocation were lowest in the BC0 generation (p < 0.05, ANOVA). Mean seed mass (g ∙ plant−1) was 39.1 in the BC0, 107.3 in the BC1, 84.1 in the BC2, and 92.7 for the S. bicolor parent, which translated into yields of 171.9, 471.6, 396.7, and 407.5 g ∙ m−2, respectively. Reproductive allocation varied from 14.7% in BC0 to 28.9% in BC2 compared with 33.5% in S. bicolor. Mean allocation to rhizomes was 2.71% in BC0 but negligible in BC1 and BC2. There was no relationship between rhizome mass and seed mass within any generation, but there was a positive correlation between total plant mass and rhizome mass in BC0. We divided the BC0 population into four groups with respect to rhizome production and found no significant differences among the groups in plant size or seed yield. Within each generation, reproductive allocation was inversely related to culm mass. The lack of an apparent trade-off between allocation to rhizome versus allocation to seed within any generation supports the possibility of combining within a population high seed yield and production of perennating belowground organs. Key words: backcross, hybrid, perennial grains, reproductive allocation, rhizome, seed mass, Sorghum bicolor, Sorghum halepense.

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