Assessment of Somaclonal Variations in Embryo-derived Axillary Shoots of Chickpea using Molecular Markers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Alghamdi ◽  
H.M. Migdadi ◽  
M.A. Khan ◽  
E.H. El-Harty ◽  
Y.H. Dewir
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Clonal Variation ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Issr Primers

Background: Somaclonal variation is considered as a source of genetic variation for crop improvement. It has been investigated using cytological, biochemical and molecular techniques.Methods: Genetic stability in the embryo-derived axillary shoots of 4 chickpea genotypes was assessed using eight inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and 19 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. Result: RAPD primers produced 94 and ISSR primers produced 38 distinct and scorable alleles, with an average of 4.9 alleles for RAPD and 4.75 for ISSR primers. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.36 to 0.90 for RAPD and from 0.50 to 0.87 for ISSR. ISSR recognized a 90%, but RAPD recognized 82% similarity value. No absolute similarity value was between the mother plant and the regenerated shoots for the overall genotypes. At a 90% similarity value, 15 out of the 20 regenerated shoots from ‘Giza 88’ group with their mother plant using ISSR markers; however, 11 regenerated shoots grouped with their mother plant in one central cluster for ‘Giza 4’ using RAPD markers. The observed variations in the total number of polymorphic RAPD and ISSR bands and the number of bands specific to the mother and regenerated shoots, detected intra-clonal variation and genetic instability seem to be genotype-dependent.

Species-diagnostic and species-specific DNA sequences evenly distributed throughout pine and spruce chromosomes

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 769-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Mehes-Smith ◽  
Paul Michael ◽  
Kabwe Nkongolo
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Pinus Monticola ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Rapd And Issr ◽  
Specific Sequences

Genome organization in the family Pinaceae is complex and largely unknown. The main purpose of the present study was to develop and physically map species-diagnostic and species-specific molecular markers in pine and spruce. Five RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) and one ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat) species-diagnostic or species-specific markers for Picea mariana , Picea rubens , Pinus strobus , or Pinus monticola were identified, cloned, and sequenced. In situ hybridization of these sequences to spruce and pine chromosomes showed the sequences to be present in high copy number and evenly distributed throughout the genome. The analysis of centromeric and telomeric regions revealed the absence of significant clustering of species-diagnostic and species-specific sequences in all the chromosomes of the four species studied. Both RAPD and ISSR markers showed similar patterns.

scholarly journals Mammalian species identification using ISSR-HRM technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110261
Author(s):  
Wannapimol Kriangwanich ◽  
Korakot Nganvongpanit ◽  
Kittisak Buddhachat ◽  
Puntita Siengdee ◽  
Siriwadee Chomdej ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Illegal Trade ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Issr Primers

Wildlife trading and the illegal hunting of wildlife are contributing factors to the biodiversity crisis that is presently unfolding across the world. The inability to control the trade of animal body parts or available biological materials is a major challenge for those who investigate wildlife crime. The effective management of this illegal trade is an important facet of wildlife forensic sciences and can be a key factor in the enforcement of effective legislation surrounding the illegal trade of protected and endangered species. However, the science of wildlife forensics is limited by the absence of a comprehensive database for wildlife investigations. Inter-simple sequence repeat markers (ISSR) coupled with high resolution melting analysis (HRM) have been effectively used for species identification of 38 mammalian species. Six primers of the ISSR markers were chosen for species identification analysis. From six ISSR primers resulting in a range of accuracy of 33.3%–100% and 100% in terms of precision in every primer. Furthermore, 161 mammalian samples were 100% distinguished to the correct species using these six ISSR primers. ISSR-HRM analysis was successfully employed in determining mammal identification among varying mammalian species, and thus could serve as an effective alternative tool or technique in the species identification process. This option would offer researchers a heightened level of convenience in terms of its performance and the ease with which researchers or field practice veterinarians would be able to interpret results in effectively identifying animal parts at wildlife investigation crime scenes.

scholarly journals Screening of homokaryotic protoclones of Agaricus bisporus (J. Lge) Imbach by colony characters and ISSR markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmudul Islam Nazrul ◽  
Fan Xiao Lin ◽  
Bian Yin-Bing
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Slow Growing ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Issr Primers

Among ten slow-growing protoclones of Agaricus bisporus (J. Lge) Imbach, all appressed colonies showed slower growth rate and spawn run, and inability to produce fruiting bodies in substrate. Seven of 40 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers amplified 78 reproducible fragments, 48.93% were polymorphic, each producing 7 to 16 bands ranging from 0.10 to 2.10 kbp, sufficient to differentiate the protoclones from each other. Appressed protoclones were homoallelic at a number of loci that were heteroallelic in the parent, suggesting that they represented rare homokaryons. Thus, using morphological characters along with ISSR, polymorphisms could be useful for quick, easy, and accurate in distinguishing homo- and heterokaryotic isolates. Key words: Agaricus bisporus (J. Lge) Imbach; Homokaryon; ISSR; Protoclone DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v39i1.5537Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(1): 119-122, 2010 (June)

scholarly journals Rapid Plant Regeneration and Molecular Assessment of Genetic Stability Using ISSR and RAPD Markers in Commercial Banana Cv. Grand Naine (G-9)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-403
Author(s):  
J. S. DUHAN ◽  
S. Kajla ◽  
D. Choudhary ◽  
A. K. Poonia
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Rapd Primer ◽  
Molecular Assessment ◽  
Rapd And Issr ◽  
Issr Primers

The investigation was carried out to assess the genetic stability in   tissue culture raised plants of banana cv. G-9 using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers.Aims:  Molecular assessment of genetic stability of tissue culture raised plants of banana cv. G-9 using molecular markers.Material and Results: Apical shoots were established on medium EM4 (MS + BAP 4.0 mg L-1) with maximum of 3.8 buds/explant in 2.6 days. The maximum bud multiplication with 16.5±0.06 shoots was observed on medium Ma3 (MS medium+ 5.0 mg L-1 BAP + 0.25 mg L-1 NAA of + 30 mg L-1 AdSO4). The maximum rooting response (100%) was observed on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 NAA in 12.2 days. After acclimatization the hardened plants were examined for genetic stability using RAPD and ISSR primers. Total forty six (twenty six RAPD and twenty ISSR) markers were used. RAPD primers produced 87 distinct and scorable bands, with an average of 3.34 bands per primer and the amplification products range was from 100-1200 bps. The number of scorable bands for RAPD primer varied from 2 to 5 with an average of 3.34 bands per primer. ISSR primers produced 71 distinct and scorable bands in the range of 100-1000 bps and the number of scorable bands for each primer varied from 2 to 6 with an average of 3.55 bands per primer.Conclusion: Similar profile with monomorphic bands was observed for all the tissue culture raised plants when compared to mother plant in both types of markers used. The results corroborate the fact that plant tissue culture technology has immense importance for production of true to type of planting material. 

scholarly journals Genetic structure and diversity among individuals of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. from Mato Grosso, Brazilian Amazon, using ISSR markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e187101623025
Author(s):  
Daniele Paula Maltezo ◽  
Julliane Dutra Medeiros ◽  
Ana Aparecida Bandini Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Copaifera Langsdorffii ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity ◽  
Issr Primers

The Amazon is the largest tropical forest in the world and is home to around 20% of all the biodiversity on the planet, among the species present in the Amazon is Copaifera langsdorffii, exploited mainly for the extraction of oil-resin and wood, often in ways incorrect, which can cause the loss of genetic variability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic structure and diversity among individuals of C. langsdorffii located in Mato Grosso, Brazil, using ISSR markers. We sampled leaves from 27 adult individuals of C. langsdorffii, whose total genomic DNA was extracted. A total of 12 ISSR primers were used for the molecular characterization of the individuals. A grouping analysis was performed using the unweighted pair group method, Bayesian analysis and characterized by the genetic diversity. The genetic diversity among and within the groups was demonstrated by the AMOVA. As a result, 106 fragments were amplified and 98.11% were polymorphic. The polymorphic information content of each primer ranged from 0.45 to 0.81.  The dendrogram showed the formation of 4 distinct groups. The greatest genetic variability is found within the groups and not between them. The percentage of polymorphism, genetic dissimilarity values and genetic diversity indexes indicate that there is high genetic variability among Copaifera langsdorffii individuals, suggesting that ISSR primers were efficient in detecting polymorphism in this species and that the individuals have potential for compose programs aimed at the preservation of the species and the ability to integrate germplasm banks.

scholarly journals (.ISSR Markers Associated With Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Growth and Seed Yield of M2 Plants of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora El-Gazzar , Laila Mekki , Samia Heneidak, Abdelfattah B
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
And Control ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Issr Primers

Dry seeds of six faba bean varieties (Sakha 1, Nubaria 2, Nubaria 3, Giza 3, Giza 716 and Giza  843) were irradiated with low doses of gamma rays (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 200 Gy). Treated seeds and control seeds were grown for two seasons. Results revealed that doses below 100 Gy increased morphological  growth parameters as well as some yield parameters. The most effective dose varied in different faba bean varieties. Higher doses above 100 Gy were detrimental to plant growth and yield. The variation in ISSR profiling in response to g-irradiation treatments in M2 was detected using seven ISSR primers. The seven primers produced 81 bands including 75 polymorphic bands and 6 unique bands. The unique bands were scored in var. Nubaria 3 by the doses (20, 80 and 100 Gy), var. Giza 3 by the doses (20 and 60 Gy) and var. Nubaria 2 by the dose 200 Gy. The two varieties Nubaria 3 and Nubaria 2 showed higher numbers of polymorphic bands (225, 191) respectively compared to other varieties. Polymorphic information content (PIC) was estimated for each primer and ranged from 0.193 for primer 807 to 0.31 for primer 834 with a mean of 0.259.

scholarly journals Characterization of genetic diversity of cactus species (Opuntia spp.) in Morocco by morphological traits and molecular markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. El Kharrassi ◽  
M.A. Mazri ◽  
M.H. Sedra ◽  
A. Mabrouk ◽  
B . Nasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Rapd Primer ◽  
Opuntia Spp ◽  
Issr Primers

The genetic diversity within and among 124 accessions of Opuntia spp. collected from different regions of Morocco was assessed using morphological descriptors and molecular markers. Based on 10 morphological traits, the accessions were separated into 3 main clusters; each cluster was containing accessions from different regions and species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was then performed on 22 accessions from different regions and species, with 10 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers and one random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primer. ISSR primers produced 66 bands overall, 64 (96.9 %) of which were polymorphic while 6 bands were generated by the RAPD marker, all polymorphic. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.62 to 0.97, with an average of 0.82. The dendrogram of genetic differences generated using the unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA) method showed 7 different clusters at a similarity of 0.76, which was confirmed by the principal component analysis (PCA). The main conclusion of our work is the high genetic similarity between Opuntia ficus indica and Opuntia megacantha species in Morocco. Our results will be useful for plant breeding and genetic resource conservation programs.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY AND RELATIONSHIPS AMONG GRAPEVINE CULTIVARS ORIGINATING IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA USING ISSR MARKERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Anna Lisek ◽  
Jerzy Lisek
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
North America ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Issr Primers

The study shows genetic diversity of 38 Vitis vinifera L. cultivars and hybrids originating in North America and Europe, including cultivars selected in Poland, which have not been characterized with the use of DNA markers yet. The agrobiological features of the genotypes selected for testing, indicate that they may be useful for the breeding of new cultivars and grape production. The use of 12 ISSR primers allowed to obtain 94.4% of polymorphism. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value was high and varied between 0.829 and 0.953 with an average of 0.897. The resolving power (Rp) ranged between 3.678 and 8.892 with an average of 6.347. Primers UBC 809, UBC 810, UBC 812, UBC 855, UBC 891 and UBC 810 were found to be highly effective (informative). Similarity coefficient ranged between 0.167 and 1.0, which indicates high degree of diversity of tested  grape cultivars. Tested cultivars were grouped in 3 main clusters; one of them was further divided into 6 subclusters. ‘Pannonia Kincse’ and ‘Danmarpa Polonia’ were not differentiated. Phenotypic differences among those two cultivars suggest that ‘Danmarpa Polonia’ might be a clone of ‘Pannonia Kincse’ and other molecular techniques must be used to differentiate them. Morphological and agrobiological characters of cultivars support the results obtained by ISSR markers.

scholarly journals Fingerprinting of Vaccinium corymbosum cultivars using DNA of fruits

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carvalho ◽  
M. Matos ◽  
V. Carnide
Keyword(s):  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Simple Sequence

  In recent years the production and consumption Vaccinium corymbosum has increased. Highbush blueberry cultivars are divided into three types, northern, intermediate and southern. The traditional methods for classification of highbush blueberry cultivars using morphological and flavour traits are largely unsuccessful, due to environmental influences. The genetic similarity of ten highbush blueberry cultivars was evaluated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers from fruits and leaves. The DNA concentrations obtained in fruits and leaves were very similar and the band profiles observed in the two tissues were analogous with both molecular markers. RAPD analysis generated 144 bands, of which 112 were polymorphic (77.8%) in fruits and 141 bands of which 118 were polymorphic (83.7%) in leaves. In fruits, ISSR analysis produced 151 bands of which 127 were polymorphic (84.1%) and in leaves it produced 148 bands with 127 being polymorphic (85.8%). Dendrogram and principal coordinates analysis (PCO) analysis using the both markers results were concordant and a clear division of the types of highbush blueberry cultivars (northern and southern) into two distinct groups was verified.    

scholarly journals Separation of the genera in the subtribe Cassiinae (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioidae) using molecular markers

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxmikanta Acharya ◽  
Arup Kumar Mukherjee ◽  
Pratap Chandra Panda
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
High Bootstrap ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Issr Primers

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers were used to verify the segregation of the genus Cassia L. senso lato into three distinct genera namely Chamaecrista Moench., Senna P. Mill. and Cassia L. sensostricto Eighteen representatives of the three taxa were characterized using the molecular markers. 25 RAPD, six ISSR primers and six AFLP primer combinations resulted in the amplification of 612, 115 and 622 bands (loci) respectively. Most of the loci are found to be polymorphic, showing high degrees of genetic diversity among the different taxa studied. The dendrogram constructed on the basis of the RAPD, ISSR and AFLP data using SHAN clustering, divided Cassia L. senso lato. into three different clusters as Chamaecrista Moench. Senna P. Mill. and Cassia L. senso stricto High bootstrap value revealed that all the clusters were stable and robust. It was observed from the present investigation that these genera have their identity at molecular level, which supports the elevation of the genus Cassia L. senso lato to the level of subtribe Cassiinae and segregation into three distinct genera instead of intrageneric categories.

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