scholarly journals A SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BIOCHEMICAL INDICES IN PERSONS EXPOSED TO MERCURY

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 990-994
Author(s):  
Irina V. Kudaeva ◽  
L. B. Masnavieva ◽  
O. V. Naumova ◽  
O. A. Dyakovich
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Mercury Vapor ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Chronic Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Changes in biochemical indices characterizing the state of lipid peroxidation processes - antioxidant protection and lipid metabolism are observed during the occupational contact with mercury. These changes play a certain pathogenic role in the formation of disorders in the nervous system during mercury intoxication. In this regard, the aim was to study the relationship between biochemical indices at different stages of the development of mercury intoxication to justify approaches to therapeutic and preventive measures. Material and methods. A prospective cohort examination of persons exposed to the mercury vapor with signs of disorders in the nervous system, patients with chronic mercury intoxication and working in contact with mercury more than 5 years without signs of pathology was carried out. To study the relationship of features between biochemical indices, the sum of the square of correlation relations between the indices was calculated, the ranks of the influence of the system components on other factors and their dependencies were determined. Results. The decline in the level of nitric oxide metabolites was found to be one of the initial, long-term persisting in the pathogenesis of biochemical abnormalities, formed due to the contact with mercury. The development of the nervous system pathology under the mercury influence is accompanied by a change in the ratio of pro- and anti- oxidative processes, lipid metabolism disorders have an independent pathogenic significance. The long-term period of the chronic mercury intoxication is characterized by the formation of complex relationships in the biochemical system, the presence of several closed subsystems, which include nitrogen oxide metabolites. Conclusion. Given peculiarities of systemic interactions between biochemical indices, determining the role of certain factors in the overall system, as well as the presence/absence and composition of subsystems, pathogenic approaches to the correction of metabolic disorders at various stages of the mercury intoxication formation should be different.

Lactobacillus paracasei ameliorates cognitive impairment in high-fat induced obese mice via insulin and neuroinflammation signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yaoyao ji ◽  
Xinsong Lang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Shengnan Li ◽  
Changhui Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders ◽  
The Brain

Long-term consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) can cause glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, damage the brain nervous system and result in cognitive impairment. The objective of this study was to...

Analysis of relationships between biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction in chronic mercury exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 834-836
Author(s):  
Olga V. Naumova ◽  
Olga A. Dyakovich
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Occupational Disease ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Chronic Mercury Intoxication ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. The cause of the development of endothelial dysfunction (ED) and, as a result, the pathology of the cardiovascular system may be exposure to mercury. The aim of study is to study the relationship between ED markers in individuals exposed to mercury. Materials and methods. A survey was carried out using biochemical and statistical methods in persons exposed to mercury with more than five years of work experience, and in patients with chronic mercury intoxication in the long-term post-exposure period. Results. Relationships of biochemical indicators of ED of various directions have been established, indicating the presence of pathological changes in the endothelium of vessels in which its different links are involved. Conclusions. Associations were established between the exposition load and the concentration of ED markers in workers without occupational disease, which indicates the contribution of production factors to its formation during contact with the toxicant. The results of the study of the correlation of biochemical indicators of ED indicate the presence of complex associations that form a closed system between its markers at the stage before the formation of occupational disease, and their disunity in the distant period of chronic mercury intoxication, especially in the presence of CVD.

scholarly journals PHENOTYPIC COMPOSITION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES AND THEIR COOPERATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MERCURY INTOXICATION IN A POST-CONTACT PERIOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 1091-1095
Author(s):  
Elena V. Boklazhenko ◽  
G. M. Bodienkova
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Chronic Mercury Intoxication

Introduction. Based on the current understanding of the progression of professional chronic mercury intoxication, it is extremely important to study the regulatory activity of immunocompetent cells after the cessation contact with mercury to develop effective therapeutic measures. The purpose of the study was to study the population and subpopulation spectrum of peripheral blood lymphocytes and their cooperation in patients with chronic mercury intoxication in a distant postexposure period. Material and methods. Phenotyping of lymphocytes in the blood of the subjects was carried out by the method of indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to the molecules CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD9+, CD16+, CD20+, CD21+, CD23+, CD25+, CD95+. Results. In patients with chronic mercury intoxication in the long-term postexposure period, there were revealed features of the immune system functioning, indicating hyperactivation of both T- and B-components of the immune system. An increase in the total population of T-lymphocytes was established due to an increase in cells with receptors CD4+ (T-lymphocyte-helper cells) and CD16+ (killer cells), as well as an increase in the number of mature B-lymphocytes (CD20+) and pre-B-immature-lymphocytes (CD9+). Changes in the system of lymphocyte apoptosis, characterized by an increase in the number of cells expressing receptors for readiness for Fas-dependent apoptosis (CD95+), have been recorded. The established relationships between populations and subpopulations of lymphocytes indicate their importance in the implementation of the immune response, high activity and contingency between the components of the immune system in persons with chronic mercury intoxication after the termination of contact with the toxicant. Conclusion. The results obtained are the basis for long-term monitoring of the health status and improvement of the tactics of treating patients with neurointoxication with mercury in the postexposure period.

EFFECT OF THE SOLUTE REDISTRIBUTION ON THE GROWTH KINETICS IN SOLIDIFICATION

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (25n27) ◽  
pp. 3938-3943
Author(s):  
X. YAO
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Solute Redistribution ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Constitutional Undercooling ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alloy Concentration ◽  
Interface Movement

Solute redistribution has been a long-term interest in solidification theoretical study, but its effect on growth rate during solidification is still not completely clear. Models that descript the relationship between growth rate and the alloy concentration remain controversial both qualitatively and quantitatively. This work theoretically analysed and investigated the solute redistribution and its effect on constitutional undercooling during solidification. Systematic analysis on the interaction behaviour between the solid/liquid interface movement and the solute distribution has been performed to clarify the effect of constitutional undercooling on growth rate of solid during solidification. It is demonstrated that the growth rate of crystals conversed to the alloy concentration and the relationship could be quantitatively calculated by the present model by introduction of the interface retardation.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA OF SLEEP DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH LONG-TERM CHRONIC MERCURY INTOXICATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 1155-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Katamanova ◽  
N. V. Slivnitsyna ◽  
E. N. Korchuganova ◽  
O. I. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Chronic Mercury Intoxication

Introduction. In the Irkutsk region, chronic mercury intoxication (CRI) occupies a leading place among occupational neurointoxications. An organic personality disorder with insomnia is one of the manifestations of brain damage in CRI. The aim of the study was to establish diagnostic criteria for secondary insomnia in patients with professional CRI for the selection of effective treatment. Material and methods. The study involved 30 people in the long-term CRI and 30 people in the comparison group with sleep disorders that are not in contact with harmful factors. Electroencephalographic, polysomnographic research and questioning were carried out with the assessment of the subjective characteristics of sleep. Information was processed using the Statistika 6.0 application package. Results. It was shown that CRI patients were shown to complain statistically significantly more frequent sleep disturbances than in the comparison group (p = 0.0003), difficulty in maintaining sleep (p = 0.004). As a result of EEG in the group of patients in the long-term CRI, the integral index and the ratio α/β were statistically significantly different from those in the comparison group, and according to the results of polysomnography, more pronounced qualitative and quantitative violations of the night sleep pattern were found in CRI patients; as a decrease in total sleep time (p = 0.0001), increase in sleep time (p = 0.008), number of activations and total wakefulness inside sleep (p = 0.03), decrease in sleep efficiency index (p = 0.006) and increase in an integrative sleep quality index (p = 0.03). According to the discriminant analysis, 4 criteria for diagnosing insomnia in CRI were established: total sleep time (min.), duration of the first stage of slow sleep (%), rhythm ratio α/β, EEG (%) and integral EEG index (%). Conclusion. Considering the data obtained, it is possible to improve approaches to treating insomnia in CRI by prescribing a complex of treatment, including cognitive-behavioral therapy, antidepressants with a sedative effect, as well as alpha training using biofeedback.

scholarly journals A Feedforward Loop Governs The Relationship Between Lipid Metabolism And Longevity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole K. Littlejohn ◽  
Nicolas Seban ◽  
Supriya Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Model System ◽  
Mitochondrial Stress ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Nuclear Transcription Factor ◽  
Feedforward Loop ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYThe relationship between lipid metabolism and longevity remains unclear. In particular although fat oxidation is essential for weight loss, whether it is remains beneficial when sustained for long periods, and the extent to which it may alter lifespan remains an important unanswered question. Here we develop an experimental handle in the C. elegans model system, that uncovers the mechanisms that connect long-term fat oxidation with longevity. We find that sustained □-oxidation, via activation of the conserved triglyceride lipase ATGL-1, triggers a feedforward transcriptional loop that involves the mito-nuclear transcription factor ATFS-1, and a previously unknown and highly conserved repressor of ATGL-1 called HLH-11/AP4. This feedforward loop orchestrates the dual control of fat oxidation and lifespan protection, shielding the organism from life-shortening mitochondrial stress in the face of continuous fat oxidation. Thus, we uncover one mechanism by which fat oxidation can be sustained for long periods without deleterious effects on longevity.

scholarly journals Role of intercellular adhesion molecules and antibodies to oxidized LDL in pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases under mercury exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1120-1126
Author(s):  
Olga V. Naumova ◽  
Irina V. Kudaeva ◽  
Lyudmila B. Masnavieva ◽  
Olga A. Dyakovich
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Chronic Mercury Intoxication

Introduction. Exposure to mercury and its compounds can be a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study is to investigate the levels of antibodies to oxidized LDL, intercellular adhesion molecules sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, and VEGF in individuals exposed to mercury. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional examination was carried out using biochemical methods in persons who have come into contact with metallic mercury with a work experience of more than five years, persons with a first established diagnosis of chronic mercury intoxication, and patients with chronic mercury intoxication in the long-term postexposure period. Results. In persons exposed to mercury with concomitant cardiovascular diseases, the level of sVCAM-1 differed depending on the presence/absence of intoxication and acquired maximum values in its long-term period, while the concentrations of sICAM-1 and antibodies to oxidized LDL did not differ significantly. In the groups without cardiovascular pathology exposed to mercury, the concentration of sVCAM-1 was higher in patients with intoxication, and sICAM-1 was 1.5-2 times lower when compared with experienced individuals, the level of antibodies to oxidized LDL was maximum in the presence of intoxication in its initial period. Discussion. The progression of chronic mercury intoxication is accompanied by an increase in the level of sVCAM-1, and a gradual decrease in the content of sICAM-1 to reference values. Trained workers were found to have elevated sICAM-1 levels. Conclusion. The role of antibodies to oxidized LDL, intercellular adhesion molecules is their multidirectional participation in the mechanisms that inhibit or contribute to the formation of cardiovascular pathology in individuals exposed to mercury.

scholarly journals A feedback loop governs the relationship between lipid metabolism and longevity

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole K Littlejohn ◽  
Nicolas Seban ◽  
Chung-Chih Liu ◽  
Supriya Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Model System ◽  
Dual Control ◽  
Mitochondrial Stress ◽  
Nuclear Transcription Factor ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between lipid metabolism and longevity remains unclear. Although fat oxidation is essential for weight loss, whether it remains beneficial when sustained for long periods, and the extent to which it may attenuate or augment lifespan remain important unanswered questions. Here, we develop an experimental handle in the Caenorhabditis elegans model system, in which we uncover the mechanisms that connect long-term fat oxidation with longevity. We find that sustained β-oxidation via activation of the conserved triglyceride lipase ATGL-1, triggers a feedback transcriptional loop that involves the mito-nuclear transcription factor ATFS-1, and a previously unknown and highly conserved repressor of ATGL-1 called HLH-11/AP4. This feedback loop orchestrates the dual control of fat oxidation and lifespan, and shields the organism from life-shortening mitochondrial stress in the face of continuous fat oxidation. Thus, we uncover one mechanism by which fat oxidation can be sustained for long periods without deleterious effects on longevity.

scholarly journals Pharmacotherapy of insomnia in patients with occupational chronic mercury intoxication

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1132-1138
Author(s):  
E. H. Korchuganova ◽  
E. V. Katamanova ◽  
N. V. Slivnitsyna
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Chronic Mercury Intoxication

Introduction. Among occupational poisoning, chronic mercury intoxication (CMI) in the Irkutsk region occupies a leading position. Objective. To give a comparative analysis of the methods of pharmacotherapy of sleep disorders in patients in the long-term CRI. Material and methods. The study included 60 patients with long-term CRI, divided into two equal groups of 30 cases: in the first, the average age was 56.0 ± 0.7, in the second, the average age was 57.1 ± 3.0. Questionnaires were conducted using the hospital scale of anxiety and depression, electroencephalographic, polysomnographic studies before and after treatment. During the study, two treatment regimens for sleep disorders were implemented: the first regimen included the administration of an antidepressant (trazodone) and the chemical analog of melatonin (melaxen), and the second regimen was zolpidem. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out using the software package “Statistica 6.0”. Results. After treatment, in the first group there was an increase in the duration of the total sleep time (p = 0.0008), a decrease in the time of falling asleep (p = 0.004), a decrease in the total number of activations (p = 0.00005), and the time of wakefulness in bed (p = 0.0018), an increase in the representation of delta sleep (p = 0.03), and REM sleep (p = 0.004), an increase in the sleep efficiency index (p = 0.0008), and a decrease in the integrative sleep quality index (p = 0.001). In the second group, only a decrease in the latent period of stage 1 (time of falling asleep) was established (p = 0.05). Discussion. After treatment with trazodone in combination with melaxen, a decrease in the severity of presomnic and intrasomnic disorders was found, and in patients taking zolpidem, only the severity of presomnic disorders was reduced. The results confirm the hypothesized cause of dissominal disorders in CRI (changes in the activity of the limbic-reticular complex). Conclusion. The use of trazodone in combination with melaxen proves the improvement of the qualitative and quantitative indices of the structure of night sleep in patients in the long-term postexposure period of CRI.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of cardiac-specific autoantibodies levels in persons with occupational pathology caused by exposure to physical and chemical factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 1086-1092
Author(s):  
Liudmila B. Masnavieva ◽  
Irina V. Kudaeva ◽  
Olga V. Naumova ◽  
Nadezhda P. Chistova ◽  
Olga A. Dyakovich
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cell ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Mercury Intoxication ◽  
Chronic Mercury Intoxication

Introduction. The pathology of the cardiovascular system is one of the dominant causes of mortality. It has been established that exposure to vibration and mercury is associated with the development of heart and vascular diseases. Specific autoantibodies can be used as markers of exposure effects. The aim of the work was a comparative assessment of the levels of cardiac-specific autoantibodies in individuals with vibrational disease (VD) and chronic mercury intoxication. Material and methods. We examined VD patients, with chronic mercury intoxication (CMI), who work in contact with a toxicant and in the long-term post-exposure period, and the comparison group. The relative content of specific autoantibodies to nitric oxide synthase (NOS), platelet membrane components (PMC), neutrophil cytoplasm, and vascular endothelial cell antigens (c-ANCA), plasminogen, collagen, and PAPP-A protein were studied in the patient’s blood serum. Results. In individuals with CMI, the levels of autoantibodies PCM, c-ANCA are lower for plasminogen and higher for collagen than in the comparison group and in VD patients. Elevated levels of anti-collagen antibodies were found in 70% of individuals with CMI. Among patients with CMI, elevated levels of antibodies to NOS were found in 60% of persons exposed to mercury and were not detected in the long-term post-exposure period. Discussion. The high frequency of elevated levels of antibodies to collagen and correlations between their level and the rest of the indices may indicate its important role in the development of endothelial dysfunction in persons with CMI. Elevated levels of autoantibodies to NOS in patients exposed to mercury are accompanied by a decrease in NO levels and may be an important part of the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction. Conclusion. The profile of cardiac-specific autoantibodies in VD patients is similar to that in the comparison group. Elevated levels of antibodies to collagen and decreased levels of antigens of platelets and plasminogen play an important role in the development of endothelial dysfunction in patients with CMI. The high frequency of hyper immunoreactivity of autoantibodies to NOS and c-ANCA, which is observed in patients with CMI who are in contact with a toxicant, decreases in the long-term post-exposure period.

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