Indicators of chemiluminescent and bioluminescent tests of biological liquids in the assessment of physical health

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 541-546
Author(s):  
Svetlana Nikolaevna Derevtsova ◽  
A. A. Romanenko ◽  
O. A. Kolenchukova ◽  
L. V. Stepanova ◽  
V. G. Nikolaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Sex Inversion ◽  
Biological Liquids

The study includes anthropometry of 172 young male, obtained data on the length and body mass, measured the transverse diameters of the shoulders and pelvis, various body types was identified by the J.M. Tanner sexual dimorphism index (andromorphic, mesomorphic, gynecomorphic). The chemiluminescent and bioluminescent study of saliva and blood was conducted in the examined young male. We studied the indicators of the antioxidant defense system under the influence of stress. The antioxidant status of saliva was determined using the H2O2-luminol-dependent chemiluminescence method. Data on the activity of NAD (P) -dependent dehydrogenases in blood lymphocytes was obtained from a bioluminescent method of research. Young male of andromorphic body type had large overall and transverse body sizes. Indicators of antioxidant protection of saliva and blood in men of adolescence, the body type of the sexual dimorphism index J.M. Tanner was different. The persons of the andromorphic body type differed in terms of chemiluminescence in comparison with the young male of gynecomorphic body type. The results of bioluminescent blood tests suggest a violation of the catabolic and anabolic processes of carbohydrate and fat metabolism in young men of mesomorphic and gynecomorphic body types. Indicators of the system of antioxidant protection of saliva and blood reflect the sexual characteristics of the body of young male and can be used as additional criteria for diagnosing sex inversion and assessing the risk of developing socially attributed diseases.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF «METISEVIT» ON THE ACTIVITY OF ENZYME AND NONENZYME LINK OF ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION UNDER THE BULL’S BODY CADMIUM LOADING

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2(66)) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
B.V. Gutyj ◽  
Y. Lavryshyn ◽  
V. Binkevych ◽  
O. Binkevych ◽  
О. Paladischuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Young Cattle

The article contains the research results of the effect of cadmium chloride on the indexes of enzyme and nonenzyme systems of  antioxidant defense system in young cattle, such as the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione levels of vitamins A and E. It is established that feeding calves at a dose of toxicant 0.04 mg / kg activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione levels of vitamins A and E in the blood of experimental animals decreased throughout the experiment. The lowest indicators of antioxidant in the blood of young cattle is set on the twenty -fourth day of the experiment, which is associated with increased activation of lipid peroxidation and the balance between antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation intensity. Given the cadmium load of young cattle it is used a new integrated drug with antioxidant action «Metisevit», which includes metifen, sodium selenite and vitamin E wich is founded as stimulating effects on the activity of antioxidant protection. In particular,it is established probable increase in activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione levels, vitamin A and vitamin E in the blood of young cattle, which has performed cadmium stress. These changes occur through comprehensive action components of the drug «Metisevit» that leads to the normalization of metabolic processes and free radical in the body of the bull. The results of the research indicate antioxidant drug «Metisevit» in the application of its young cattle and the validity of his administration to improve the body's antioxidant status of chronic cadmium toxicosis.

Postmetamorphic growth rates in a natural population of Fowler's toad, Bufo woodhousei fowleri

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1489-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond D. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Length Increase ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Bufo Woodhousei ◽  
Fowler's Toad ◽  
Toad Bufo

A population of Fowler's toad (Bufo woodhousei fowleri) living on a golf course in New Haven, Connecticut, was studied for 3 years by the capture–mark–recapture method. Individual growth rates were determined using tibia length, which is isometric with body length, as the measure of size. Growth was rapid, with an average 6.58-fold length increase during the 1st year after metamorphosis. Males began to show secondary sexual characteristics about 1 year after metamorphosis; at this age the cohort began to overlap in body size with the older males. Females grew faster than males, but also reached a larger size, and the body sizes of the maturing female cohort began to overlap with the older females 1 month later than the males. The growth curve for length was inflected, which is predicted by von Bertalanffy's growth model.

Cranial morphology and osteology of the sexually dimorphic electric fish, Compsaraia samueli Albert & Crampton (Apteronotidae, Gymnotiformes), with comparisons to C. compsa (Mago-Leccia)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4555 (1) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
RACHEL KEEFFE ◽  
ERIC J. HILTON ◽  
MÁRIO J. F. THOMÉ DE SOUZA ◽  
CRISTINA COX FERNANDES
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cranial Morphology ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Body Sizes ◽  
Cranial Osteology

Sexual dimorphism of the snout has evolved independently in at least four separate clades of the gymnotiform family Apteronotidae. This phenomenon may help identify sex, except in the absence of mature individuals, and has led to confused taxonomy for several species. We examined a large collection of Compsaraia samueli collected during the breeding season from a remote stream in the Rio Negro drainage. This collection contains a wide range of sizes of both sexes, but most individuals were easily identified as mature. To quantify the sexual dimorphism of these specimens, 15 measurements were taken from the head and the body. In addition, some specimens were cleared-and-stained to study cranial osteology. We found that long-snouted males of C. samueli span a wide range of body sizes. As the snout length increases the distance between the eye and the occiput does not increase at the same rate, suggesting that it is only the anterior portion of the head that has an increased allometry. Skeletal anatomy differs between the sexes in that the lower jaw is more triangular in females and more linear in males. The coronomeckelian is small and round in females in contrast to being longer and pointed in males. There is strong interlacing of the dentary and anguloarticular bones in males, whereas this contact is not as extensive in females. We also discuss the implications of sexual dimorphism for identification of this species relative to its congener (C. compsa), and for the evolution of sexual dimorphism in the family. 

scholarly journals Pro- and Antioxidant Activity in the Blood of Adolescents of Different Ethnic Groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
N. A. Kurashova ◽  
E. A. Kudeyarova
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Conjugated Trienes

Background. Processes of antioxidant protection in different ethnicities, living in the same geographical conditions, are of undoubted scientific interest. The ratio of activity of oxidative processes and antioxidant components not only reflects, but also largely determines the metabolism and adaptive capabilities of the organism. The key issue in understanding the regulatory and adaptive role of lipid peroxidation reactions in the body is the idea of the existence of a certain balance with the antioxidant defense system.Aims: to study the features of the system of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in adolescents of different ethnicities, living in Eastern Siberia.Materials and methods. Parameters of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection were determined in the blood serum by spectrophotometric methods.Results. We found that adolescent Buryat boys had statistically significant decrease in primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation: ketodienes and conjugated trienes, malondialdehyde, and components of antioxidant protection: retinol, α-tocopherol, the level of total antioxidant activity of blood and reduced glutathione, in comparison with Caucasian adolescents. In Caucasian adolescents with endocrine disorders, there was a statistically significant increase in the level of ketodienes and conjugated trienes, as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase against the background of a decrease of reduced glutathione, tocopherol, and retinol. We revealed a significant increase in the concentration of ketodienes and conjugated trienes and a decrease of the oxidized glutathione in adolescents with endocrine disorders in comparison with healthy adolescents of Buryat ethnicity.Conclusions. Studying of the processes of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system of the organism can be used as an additional criterion for complex examination of practically healthy adolescents, which significantly enhance the representation about the adaptation possibilities of the organism to external conditions and can become a basis for effective examination of reproductive health in the future.

Men’s Hunger, Food Consumption, and Preferences for Female Body Types

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Guéguen
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Female Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Slender Body ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Experimental Conditions

Nelson and Morrison (2005 , study 3) reported that men who feel hungry preferred heavier women. The present study replicates these results by using real photographs of women and examines the mediation effect of hunger scores. Men were solicited while entering or leaving a restaurant and asked to report their hunger on a 10-point scale. Afterwards, they were presented with three photographs of a woman in a bikini: One with a slim body type, one with a slender body type, and one with a slightly chubby body. The participants were asked to indicate their preference. Results showed that the participants entering the restaurant preferred the chubby body type more while satiated men preferred the thinner or slender body types. It was also found that the relation between experimental conditions and the choices of the body type was mediated by men’s hunger scores.

Gender differences in biochemical measurement reflecting the state of free-radical oxidation and antioxidant protection among workers in metallurgical production

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 877-881
Author(s):  
I. A. Umnyagina ◽  
L. A. Strakhova ◽  
T. V. Blinova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Metallurgical Production ◽  
Production Factors

Introduction. To date, age and sex differences have been established for many biochemical parameters. Gender differences in indicators for systems such as antioxidant, thiol-disulfide, oxidative stress and inflammation systems are absent or under study.The aim of the study was to identify gender differences in biochemical parameters reflecting the functioning of antioxidant systems of the body and free radical oxidation in workers of metallurgical production, in contact with harmful production factors.Materials and methods. The blood of men and women working at the metallurgical enterprise of the Nizhny Novgorod region (n=80) under the influence of a complex of physical and chemical production factors was studied. Total oxidative stress, total antioxidant capacity of serum, glutathione levels were studied by photometric biochemical methods. Levels of C-reactive protein and 8-hydroxy–2-deoxyguanosine were studied by ELISA.Results. The average amount of peroxides in the serum of women exceeded 1.6 times this figure in men. In the group of men, the content of 8-Ondg was higher by 26% (p=0.012), the level of GS-by 12% (p=0.019), the activity of SOD — by 1.5–2 times (p=0.0001), the level of CRP — by 2 times (p=0.008) compared to similar indicators in women.Conclusions. Studies of gender differences in workers under the influence of harmful production factors will allow more effective approach to the etiology, treatment and prognosis of production-related diseases. Indicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant protection can be indicators of the health of workers under the influence of harmful industrial factors and be important in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress.

Young Male with Bilateral ICA Dissection: Beyond CADISS Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 251660852098428
Author(s):  
Vikas Bhatia ◽  
Chirag Jain ◽  
Sucharita Ray ◽  
jay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
The Body ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Cervical Artery Dissection ◽  
Stroke Study ◽  
History Of

Objective: To report a case of young male with stroke and bilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection. Background: Cervical Artery Dissection in Stroke Study trial has provided some insight on management of patients with ICA dissection. However, there is a need to modify the management strategies as per specific clinical scenario. Design/Methods: Case report and literature review. Results: A 45-year-old male presented with 1 month old history of acute onset numbness of right half of the body with slurring of speech. Computed tomography angiography showed complete occlusion of left cervical ICA just beyond origin with presence of fusiform dilatation and spiral flap in right extracranial cervical ICA. The patient was started on antiplatelets and taken for endovascular procedure using 2-mesh-based carotid stents. Patient was discharged after 3 days on antiplatelet therapy. At 1-year follow-up, there were no fresh symptoms. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the role of successful endovascular management of carotid dissection in a young male. These clinical situations may not be fully represented in trials, and a case-based approach is required.

scholarly journals Effect of foot–floor friction on the external moment about the body center of mass during shuffling gait: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Yamaguchi ◽  
Kei Shibata ◽  
Hiromi Wada ◽  
Hiroshi Kakehi ◽  
Kazuo Hokkirigawa
Keyword(s):  
Friction Surface ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Young Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
External Moment ◽  
Body Center ◽  
Floor Condition

AbstractHerein, we investigated the effect of friction between foot sole and floor on the external forward moment about the body center of mass (COM) in normal and shuffling gaits. Five young male adults walked with normal and shuffling gaits, under low- and high-friction surface conditions. The maximum external forward moment about the COM (MEFM-COM) in a normal gait appeared approximately at initial foot contact and was unaffected by floor condition. However, MEFM-COM in a shuffling gait under high-friction conditions exceeded that under low-friction conditions (p < 0.001). Therein, MEFM-COM increased with an increasing utilized coefficient of friction at initial foot contact; this effect was weaker during a normal gait. These findings indicate that increased friction between foot sole and floor might increase tripping risk during a shuffling gait, even in the absence of discrete physical obstacles.

Intersexual and intrasexual selection for neck musculature in men: Attractiveness, dominance, and actual fighting success

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Robert Caton ◽  
David M. G. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
World Region ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Neck Strength ◽  
Neck Musculature ◽  
Secondary Sexual

Countless organisms are equipped with physiological armor that reduce damage from opponents. Because humans have sustained a long evolutionary history of hand-to-hand combat, selection would have been placed on morphological structures which reduce rotational acceleration to the head and increase the likelihood of victory. Grounded in over 60 years of sports performance theory and recent theoretical work in evolutionary biology, geometric morphometric analyses revealed that larger neck musculature in professional combatants (N = 715) was associated with greater real-world fighting success, after for adjusting for allometry (Study 1). Because sexual dimorphism emerges from selection on morphological structures that improve men’s fighting success, we then discovered that the human neck is the most sexually dimorphic feature of human anatomy when compared to 91 other anatomical features (N = 6,068; Study 2). This male-biased sexual dimorphism held after controlling for these 91 allometric measurements, and held across every world region (Africa, Asia, Europe, Oceania, and North, Central, and South America). Because human psychological systems consequently evolved to attend to men’s secondary sexual characteristics, we discovered that men (N = 564 stimuli) with larger neck musculature (Study 3: geometric morphometrics; Study 4: physiological neck strength; Study 5: photorealistic stimuli) are rated (N = 772 raters) as stronger, more masculine, and higher in fighting ability and short-term attractiveness, after accounting for allometry. Combined, our research introduced a new secondary sexual characteristic to the biological, anthropological, and psychological sciences: the human neck.

Increase in Cell Number as a Factor in the Growth of the Organs and Tissues of the Young Male Rat

Development ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-562
Author(s):  
M. Enesco ◽  
C. P. Leblond
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
The Past ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Young Rat

While the organs and tissues of the young rat are known to increase in size with age (Donaldson, 1924), little is known of the role played by the component cells in this increase. There is evidence that cells enlarge (Levi, 1906; Plenk, 1911) and new cells are added (Strasburger, 1893), but we do not know to what extent the enlargement and proliferation of the cells cause the growth of organs and tissues. The present work is an attempt to clarify this problem. In the past, the growth of organs and tissues has often been measured by weight gain (Donaldson, 1924). However, this approach might be misleading, since the body-weight may increase in the absence of growth, for instance as a result of fat-storage in old rats, of pregnancy in females, and even of changes in room temperature.

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