scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ROTAVIRUS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE DIARRHEAL DISEASES IN CHILDREN IN UZBEKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 239-241
Author(s):  
IIkham M. Norboev
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Serological Study ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of epidemiological studies of the role of rotavirus in the development of acute diarrheal diseases in children in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Practice of new epidemiological criteria allowed to differentiate the different intensity of the epidemic process and the manifestation of epidemiological patterns of rotavirus infection depending on the region of the republic. The probability of participation of rotaviruses in the formation of the epidemic process in acute diarrheal diseases is proved. The study was conducted in two regions of the republic differing from each other by economic and social conditions. The material for this study was the data obtained as a result of a serological study of feces samples taken from patients with acute diarrheal diseases before the age of 5 years. When examining 1597 children with acute diarrhea in 532 (33.3%) cases, we were able to establish the presence of rotavirus antigens in the feces. Summarizing the above, we can assume that in the Republic of Uzbekistan, rotaviruses occupy one of the leading places in the etiological structure of acute diarrheal diseases, especially in younger age groups.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF ROTAVIRUS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE DIARRHEAL DISEASES IN CHILDREN IN UZBEKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 239-241
Author(s):  
IIkham M. Norboev
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Serological Study ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of epidemiological studies of the role of rotavirus in the development of acute diarrheal diseases in children in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Practice of new epidemiological criteria allowed to differentiate the different intensity of the epidemic process and the manifestation of epidemiological patterns of rotavirus infection depending on the region of the republic. The probability of participation of rotaviruses in the formation of the epidemic process in acute diarrheal diseases is proved. The study was conducted in two regions of the republic differing from each other by economic and social conditions. The material for this study was the data obtained as a result of a serological study of feces samples taken from patients with acute diarrheal diseases before the age of 5 years. When examining 1597 children with acute diarrhea in 532 (33.3%) cases, we were able to establish the presence of rotavirus antigens in the feces. Summarizing the above, we can assume that in the Republic of Uzbekistan, rotaviruses occupy one of the leading places in the etiological structure of acute diarrheal diseases, especially in younger age groups.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of enteroviral meningitis without pleocytosis in children: a retrospective single center observational study in the Republic of Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yura Ko ◽  
Woochan Jeon ◽  
Minjung Kathy Chae ◽  
Heewon Yang ◽  
Jisook Lee
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Confirmation Test ◽  
Csf Pleocytosis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Enteroviral Meningitis ◽  
Wbc Count

Abstract Background We aimed to study the prevalence of enterovirus (EV) meningitis without the presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis and identify patient factors and clinical features associated with it. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of patients aged < 18 years old who were diagnosed with EV meningitis by CSF reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing between January 2015 and December 2016. Clinical variables were compared with regard to the presence of CSF pleocytosis. Results A total of 305 patients were enrolled in study; 169 (55.4%) had no pleocytosis. Patients without pleocytosis were younger (median age 2 months vs. 67.0 months, p < 0.01) and had lower white blood cell (WBC) count (median, 8600/mm3 vs. 10,300/mm3, p < 0.01). Also absolute neutrophil (ANC) count were lower than pleocytosis group (median, 4674/mm3 vs. 7600/mm3, p < 0.01). Comparing three age groups, CSF apleocytosis was present in 106 of 128 patients (82.8%) aged ≤3 months, 7 of 13 patients (53.8%) aged 3 months–3 years and 56 of 164 patients (34.1%) aged > 3 years. Younger age groups had higher prevalence of CSF apleocytosis (p < 0.01). In patients aged ≤3 months, 94.5% underwent lumbar puncture within 24 h of symptom onset. The frequency of not having pleocytosis was higher than the frequency of having pleocytosis during peak EV infection prevalent months (summer and fall) (p < 0.01). Conclusion This study shows that EV meningitis in young infants, with early lumbar puncture, or occurring during peak EV meningitis prevalent seasons cannot be solely excluded by pleocytosis. Also, a confirmation test for EV meningitis should be performed using RT-PCR.

scholarly journals Age-Specific Income Trends in Europe: The Role of Employment, Wages, and Social Transfers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Hammer ◽  
Sonja Spitzer ◽  
Alexia Prskawetz
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Public Pensions ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Accounts ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Social Transfers

AbstractThis study analyses age-specific differences in income trends in nine European countries. Based on data from National Accounts and the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions, we quantify age-specific changes in income between 2008 and 2017 and decompose these changes into employment, wages, and public transfer components. Results show that income of the younger age groups stagnated or declined in most countries since 2008, while income of the older population increased. The decomposition analysis indicates that the main drivers of the diverging trends are higher employment among the older population and a strong increase in public pensions, especially for women.

scholarly journals The Role of Destination Experience in the Sustainability of the Image of the Tourist Destination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olimpia Ban ◽  
Adrian Hatos ◽  
Laurențiu Droj ◽  
Carmen Toderascu
Keyword(s):  
Brand Image ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Destination Image ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Good Image ◽  
Remarkable Increase ◽  
Dangerous Situation ◽  
Younger Age

The concept of destination image is closely related to the brand image of the destination. A good image is a step in branding the destination. The image of the destination can be a primary, sec-ondary or global one, the latter incorporating the first two. The sustainability of a positive image of the destination is based on both a positive secondary image and a positive global image. The purpose of this research is to analyze separately the two types of images for a given tourist des-tination that has registered in recent years a remarkable increase in the number of visitors. The research is based on a questionnaire-based survey of a sample of 607 people. The collected data were processed with SPSS and the results show significant differences between the two types of images (secondary image and global image), a dangerous situation in the medium and long term for destination management. The nuances in the perception of the image of the destination on the two types of respondents (who experienced respectively who did not experience the destination) can be explained by the aggressive strategy of promoting the tourist destination, but inefficient strategy for younger age groups. The study allows the formulation of conclusions and measures to correct the situation.

Age aspects of the incidence of chronic hepatitis C in children

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
E. A. Galova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
The Public ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Public Health Indicators ◽  
Nizhny Novgorod Region

Purpose of the study: to reveal characteristics of chronic viral hepatitis C (HCV) incidence in babies and preschoolers, schoolchildren, teenagers on the example of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Materials and methods. The article presents official epidemiological information on the incidence of HCV in children in the Nizhny Novgorod region in 1995–2015. Data statistical processing was performed with Statistica 7.0. soft ware package. Zero hypotheses were rejected at significance level of the corresponding statistical criterion p < 0,05. Results. The study revealed differences of HCV-epidemic process in infants and preschoolers, schoolchildren and teenagers. The incidence of HCV in children 0–6 years old and 15–17 years old is characterized by a lack of reduction and an uncertain prognosis (p < 0,05); the positive prognosis is possible in schoolchildren aged 7–14 years (p < 0,05). There was an increase of patients of younger age groups in the proportion, and decrease of cases frequency in children 7–14-year-olds. The authors identified that the viral hepatitis C incidence is correlate with the public health indicators and with the health care institutions activities; the correlations strength and correlations pattern is depend on age. The article presents a quantitative assessment of the relationship between the children HCV incidence in different age periods and the public health indicators and activities health institutions. Conclusions. In HCV-epidemic process in children at the present there is a redistribution of older and younger age groups role in its maintenance with the leading significance of the latter. Obtained results prove the significant contribution of HCV positive women of fertile age in the HCV- epidemic process in children at the present stage.

Restorative Management of the Elderly Patient

2003 ◽  
Vol os10 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Graham Gilmour ◽  
Claire L Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Periodontal Breakdown ◽  
Dental Management ◽  
Younger Age

It is predicted that geriatric patients will dramatically increase in number within our working lives. Although they are considered to demand treatment less frequently than the younger age groups, there are specific issues that need to be considered when providing dental treatment for these patients. The term gerodontics has been coined to describe this subject. The need to consider family relationships and the role of carers may play a greater part in their dental management than that of the general population. As well as oral disease, the incidence of general disease is higher in this population, as is the amount of medication prescribed to treat it; these factors often complicate dental management. Special problems that will have a high dental impact on the geriatric patient may be lack of adaptive potential, poor plaque control, root caries, periodontal breakdown and levels of toothwear.

Role of cyclins D1 and D3 in vestibular schwannoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 130 (S1) ◽  
pp. S2-S10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Jabbour ◽  
P Earls ◽  
N Biggs ◽  
G Gracie ◽  
P Fagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular Schwannoma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vestibular Schwannomas ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Cyclin D ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Two Age Groups

AbstractBackground:Vestibular schwannomas in younger patients have been observed to be larger in size and grow more quickly.Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the expression of three important cell cycle proteins, cyclin D1, cyclin D3and Ki-67, in vestibular schwannoma patients separated into two age groups: ≤40 years or >40 years.Method:Immunohistochemical detection of cyclin D1, cyclin D3and Ki-67 was undertaken in 180 surgically resected vestibular schwannomas.Results:The proliferation index of vestibular schwannomas was statistically higher in the ≤40 years age group compared to that in the >40 years age group (mean of 4.52vs3.27, respectively;p = 0.01). Overexpression of cyclin D1and cyclin D3was found in 68 per cent and 44 per cent of tumours, respectively.Conclusion:There was an increased Ki-67 proliferation index in the younger age group that appears to correlate with clinical behaviour. Vestibular schwannomas in both age groups show increased expression of cyclin D1and cyclin D3.

scholarly journals Prevalence of diabetes in the adult population of Novosibirsk

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Mustafina ◽  
Oksana D. Rymar ◽  
Sofiya K. Malyutina ◽  
Diana V. Denisova ◽  
Liliya V. Shcherbakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence

Aims. To estimate the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in different age groups of the adult population of Novosibirsk, according to epidemiological studies in 20032005 and 20132016. Methods. We examined a representative population sample (assessed in 20032005) of men and women aged 4569 years in two administrative districts of Novosibirsk, as a part of the international HAPIEE project. According to the tables of random numbers, representative samples of men and women aged 4569 years were formed, to which letters were sent, inviting them to pass for examination. During 20132016, a second population survey was conducted on a random representative sample of a population of 2544-year-olds of both sexes. Participants were residents of one of the districts of Novosibirsk. T2DM and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were diagnosed using fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (diabetes: FPG 7.0 mmol/l; IFG: FPG 6.16.9 mmol/l). Results. The prevalence of T2DM among residents aged 4569 years was 11.3%, and overall, no significant difference in prevalence was found between females and males (11.3% vs. 11.0%). However, the overall prevalence of T2DM among residents aged 2544 years was 2.2%, and prevalence was higher in men (3.5%) than in women (1.1%), p 0.05. High prevalence of IFG was found in the 4569 age group (18.2%, in 20032005), and in the younger age group of 2544 years (21.6%, in 20132016). The high rate among young individuals is particularly alarming. Less than one half (4.8 out of 11.3%) of participants aged 4569 tested positive for T2DM, and only one in the age group 2544 years knew he/she had diabetes. This indicates a lack of knowledge among Siberians about their problem with diabetes. Conclusion. Approximately one in five adults had IFG. Among the adult population aged 4569 (in 20032005), 18.2% had IFG and 11.3% had T2DM. In individuals aged 2544 years in 20132016, IFG was observed in 21.6%, and 2.2% had T2DM (p0.05).

scholarly journals The Role of Estrogen in Schizophrenia: Implications for Schizophrenia Practice Guidelines for Women

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Grigoriadis ◽  
Mary V Seeman
Keyword(s):  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Estrogen Therapy ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
Symptom Evaluation ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Estrogen Effects ◽  
Preventive Role

Objective: The objective of this paper is to integrate what is known about estrogen effects on symptoms and treatment response into a global understanding of schizophrenia. The aim is to expand Canadian schizophrenia guidelines to include the specific needs of women. Method: We searched the Medline database; keywords included estrogen, estrogen replacement therapy, schizophrenia, psychosis, treatment, tardive dyskinesia (TD), and women. We examined reference lists from relevant articles to ensure that our review was complete. We review the evidence for the effects of estrogen in schizophrenia and we make recommendations for the next revision of official practice guidelines. Results: The epidemiologic evidence suggests that, relative to men, women show an initial delay in onset age of schizophrenia, with a second onset peak after age 44 years. This points to a protective effect of estrogen, confirming animal research that has documented both neurotrophic and neuromodulatory effects. Clinical research results indicate that symptoms in women frequently vary with the menstrual cycle, worsening during low estrogen phases. Pregnancy is often, though not always, a less symptomatic time for women, but relapses are frequent postpartum. Some work suggests that in the younger age groups women require lower antipsychotic dosages than men but that following menopause they require higher dosages. Estrogen has been used effectively as an adjunctive treatment in women with schizophrenia. Estrogen may also play a preventive role in TD. Conclusions: Symptom evaluation and diagnosis in women needs to take hormonal status into account. Consideration should be given to cycle-modulated neuroleptic dosing and to careful titration during pregnancy, postpartum, and at menopause. We recommend that discretionary use of newer neuroleptic medication and adjuvant estrogen therapy be considered.

scholarly journals Tendency Of Incidence With Nonspecific Ulcerative Colitis In Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11-12 (221-222) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Shyryn Kenzhebekova ◽  
◽  
Sauirbay Sakhanov ◽  
Dulat Turebaev ◽  
Gauhar Nurtazinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Nonspecific Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Morbidity Trends

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of an immune nature with frequent localization in the large intestine. A pattern is noted that in the northern and western continents they suffer more often than in Asia. To identify risk factors in a population, epidemiological studies must firstly assess the incidence of disease. Aim. To study the trends of nonspecific ulcerative colitis (NUC) incidence in Kazakhstan. Material and methods. The research material was compiled summary reporting form number 12 of the Ministries and the Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan on new cases of nonspecific ulcerative colitis (ICD-10 – K51), established for the first time. A retrospective study was used as the main method for studying the incidence of NUC. According to generally accepted methods of biomedical statistics, extensive, intensive and equalized indicators of the incidence of NUC were calculated. Results and discussion. For 2013-2018 14,079 new cases of NUC were registered in the republic, of which 15 were in children – 15.3%, teenagers – 4.8% and adults – 79.8%. The average annual incidence rate of NUC in the entire population of Kazakhstan was 13.5±2.10/0000 (95% CI=9.4-17.50/0000), and for population groups having been studied was: in children – 7.2±2.10/0000 (95%CI=3.8-12.00/0000), among teenagers – 18.7±5.00/0000 (95% CI=9.0-28.50/0000) and the adult population 15.4±1.90/0000 (95% CI=11.8-19.10/0000). The difference in morbidity between groups was statistically significant. Disease tended to decrease in all age groups: in the adult population (Т=−12.3%), children (Т=−43.7%) and in adolescents (T=-50.1%). Conclusion. According to the dynamics, NUC incidence in Kazakhstan has a decreased tendency due to the child and adolescent population. The results obtained are recommended to be taken into account by health authorities when making managerial decisions. Keywords: nonspecific ulcerative colitis, morbidity, trends, Kazakhstan.

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