Employment Status and Chronic Diseases: A Cross-sectional Study among 60–64 Year-old Men and Women

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders and is one of the top 10 leading causes of death in adults. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the epidemiological prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan between 2015 and 2019. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using the information of diabetics registered in the system related to the Ministry of Health of Afghanistan from 2015 to 2019. Eventually, people's information, including age, gender, and place of residence, was entered into STATA software version 12 and analyzed using descriptive statistics tests. Results: The study, which was performed on 49,332 people with diabetes in 34 provinces and 8 regions of Afghanistan, found that most of the female studied were 55.2% (27,231) female and had the highest and lowest prevalence in the region. The order is related to South East and South. The average prevalence of diabetes per 10,000 people is about 62.13. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes in Afghanistan over a five-year period in men and women is on the rise, requiring more attention from relevant authorities to improve public health and prevent, control and treat chronic diseases such as diabetes.

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A cross-sectional study investigating the relationship between handgrip strength with multimorbidity in Korean adults: Findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) VI-VII (2014–2017)

10.21203/rs.3.rs-31691/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mee-Ri Lee ◽

Sung Min Jung

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Nutrition Examination Survey ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Age And Sex

Abstract Background To date research investigating the associations between handgrip strength and multimorbidity when stratifying by age and sex is limited. Furthermore, this is the first study in a Korean population, and the first to include adults ≥ 19 years of age. Here we investigated the associations between handgrip strength and multimorbidity in Korean adults aged ≥ 19 years. Methods In this cross-sectional study data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Multimorbidity was defined as having two or more chronic diseases. A total of 19,779 participants were eligible for the study (8,730 male and 11,409 female). We grouped and analysed participants based on age and sex (men and women aged 19–49 years, men and women aged 50–80 years) and examined the associations between handgrip strength and multimorbidity using multivariate logistic regressions using stratification by age, sex and body mass index (BMI). Results Multivariate logistic regressions revealed a significant inverse association irrespective of sex, between relative handgrip strength and multimorbidity. Participants with the lowest handgrip strength had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of multimorbidity (men aged 19–49 years: 3.76 and aged 50–80 years: 2.11; women aged 19–49 years: 1.52 and aged 50–80 years: 2.15) when compared to those with highest handgrip strength after adjusting for confounding variables. The highest OR was observed in men aged 19–49 years with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Conclusion In the current study we observed a significant inverse relationship between handgrip strength and multimorbidity in males and females with two or more chronic diseases. Male participants with a low handgrip strength aged between 19–49 years with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 may be at greater risk of multimorbidity. This study highlights the need for further longitudinal studies to investigate the effects of increasing handgrip strength combined with weight loss, as an effective strategy to reduce the incidence of multimorbidity

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SOCIOECONOMIC POSITION AND VARIATIONS IN COPING STRATEGIES IN MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF 1287 40- AND 50-YEAR-OLD MEN AND WOMEN

Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.1080/16501970600766467 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 316-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ulla Christensen ◽

Lone Schmidt ◽

Charlotte Ørsted Hougaard ◽

Margit Kriegbaum ◽

Bjørn Evald Holstein

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Socioeconomic Position ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Old Men

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Trends and differences in sexual practices and sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men only (MSMO) and men who have sex with men and women (MSMW): a repeated cross-sectional study in Melbourne, Australia

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037608 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. e037608

Author(s):

Mario Martín-Sánchez ◽

Richard Case ◽

Christopher Fairley ◽

Jane S Hocking ◽

Catriona Bradshaw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Centre ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sexual Practices ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Anal Sex ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Receptive Anal Sex ◽

Sex With Men

ObjectivesIn the 2010s, there has been an increase in sexually transmitted infections (STI) in men who have sex with men (MSM) in Australia, and since 2015 also in urban heterosexuals. Men who have sex with both men and women (MSMW) have characteristics that may differ from both men who have sex with men only (MSMO) and heterosexual men. We aimed to compare the sexual practices and the trends in HIV/STI positivity between MSMO and MSMW.DesignRepeated cross-sectional study.SettingA sexual health centre in Melbourne, Australia.ParticipantsMSM aged 18 years and above who attended the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre for the first time between 2011 and 2018. This includes 12 795 MSMO and 1979 MSMW.Primary outcome measuresDemographic characterics, sexual practices and HIV/STI positivity.ResultsCompared with MSMW, MSMO were more likely to practice anal sex and to have condomless receptive anal sex with casual male partners, and less likely to have a current regular relationship. Over the 8-year period, there was an increase in condomless receptive anal sex with casual male partners for both groups (MSMO: from 46.2% to 63.3%, ptrend <0.001; MSMW: from 41.3% to 57.9%, ptrend=0.011). Syphilis positivity increased in MSMO (from 5.5% to 7.9%, ptrend=0.012) and MSMW (from 0.9% to 6.4%, ptrend=0.004) and HIV remained stable. Gonorrhoea increased among MSMO from 2011 to 2014 (from 6.7% to 9.6%, ptrend=0.002), and remained stable from 2015 to 2018. MSMO had higher odds of testing positive for gonorrhoea (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.36, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.64), chlamydia (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.67), syphilis (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.22) and HIV (aOR 4.60, 95% CI 2.43 to 8.70) than MSMW.ConclusionsMSMW have overall lower condomless sex and lower HIV/STI positivity. In the last years, changes in sexual practices in MSM have affected both MSMW and MSMO leading to an increased STI risk.

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Sexual orientation identity disparities in health behaviors, outcomes, and services use among men and women in the United States: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-016-3467-1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Chandra L. Jackson ◽

Madina Agénor ◽

Dayna A. Johnson ◽

S. Bryn Austin ◽

Ichiro Kawachi

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Sexual Orientation ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Men And Women ◽

Sexual Orientation Identity ◽

Services Use

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Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing ◽

10.1177/00469580211007264 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 004695802110072

Author(s):

Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽

Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽

Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽

Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽

Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Daily Living ◽

Female Gender ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

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