scholarly journals Efficacy of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs for the Treatment of Acute Puerperal Metritis in Dairy Cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
Extended Treatment

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute puerperal metritis (APM) is a potentially life threatening, painful disease and is often treated with third-generation cephalosporins (Machado et al., 2014; Stojkov et al., 2015). An increasing antibiotic resistance is well documented and associated with decreasing clinical efficacy, animal welfare and economic consequences (Thomson et al., 2004). Hence, there is the need to evaluate alternative therapies to antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of ketoprofen for the treatment of APM compared with ceftiofur hydrochloride.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> A total of 610 dairy cows from 6 farms in Germany were enrolled. Inclusion criteria was a rectal temperature (RT) ≥ 39.5 °C and a reddish-brown fetid vaginal discharge within the first 10 DIM. Cows meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to treatment with ketoprofen (3 mg/kg of body weight, n = 300) or treatment with ceftiofur (1 mg/kg of body weight, n = 310), both administered on 3 consecutive days. Rectal temperature was recorded daily for a period of 7 days after enrollment. Cows that showed RT ≥ 39.5 °C on day 4 to 7 after inclusion received an extended treatment (extT) with ceftiofur for 3 (ketoprofen group) or 2 (ceftiofur group) more days. Between 21 and 40 DIM cows were examined with the metricheck device and vaginal discharge was categorized on a 5-point scale according to the presence of pus.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 52 cows (35 from ketoprofen group, 17 from ceftiofur group) were excluded from analysis due to missing protocol compliance (n = 37) or concurrent disease (n = 15). Cows initially treated with ketoprofen had higher odds of extT than cows treated with ceftiofur (61% vs 31%, OR 3.47, P &lt; 0.01, n = 558). Occurrence of purulent vaginal discharge (PVD) was similar for both treatment groups. However, cows with extT had 2.12 (P &lt; 0.01, n = 438) times the odds of PVD than cows without extended treatment. Treatment group did not affect milk yield, first artificial insemination pregnancy risk, time to first AI and time to pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The results indicate that although cows initially treated with ketoprofen were more likely to receive extT, fewer doses of ceftiofur (1.83) were required compared with cows initially treated with ceftiofur (3.63). Consequently, there is considerable potential of reducing antimicrobial treatment by implementing a treatment protocol starting with ketoprofen.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" />

Digestibility of Nutrients as Influenced by Supplementation of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes in Dry Non-pregnant Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M, Lunagariya ◽  
R. S. Gupta ◽  
S. V. Shah ◽  
Y. G. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract

The study was planned to evaluate the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) supplementation for 56 days @ 240 mg/kg total mixed ration (TMR) on digestibility of dry matter and nutrients in dairy cows. Six dry non-pregnant cows were assigned in each treatment with and without EFE. The digestibility trial of seven days was conducted after 49 days of feeding. Dry matter and nutrients intake of cows was not influenced by EFE. The supplementation of EFE had improved digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, cellulose (p less than 0.01), as well as digestibility of nitrogen-free extract and acid detergent fiber, was also higher (pless than 0.05). The body weight gain of cows was higher on the supplementation of EFE in TMR. The study concluded that feeding exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (240 mg/kg) supplemented TMR improved digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, which was reflected as higher body weight gain in dry non-pregnant Gir and crossbred dairy cows.

Effects of body weight loss on serum progesterone concentrations of non-lactating dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.O. Rodrigues ◽  
C. Trevisanuto ◽  
R.F. Cooke ◽  
J.L.M. Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Associations among milk production and rectal temperature on pregnancy maintenance in lactating recipient dairy cows

2011 ◽  
Vol 127 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L.M. Vasconcelos ◽  
R.F. Cooke ◽  
D.T.G. Jardina ◽  
F.L. Aragon ◽  
M.B. Veras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Rectal Temperature

scholarly journals Genetic Relationships among Body Condition Score, Body Weight, Milk Yield, and Fertility in Dairy Cows

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 2193-2204 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Berry ◽  
F. Buckley ◽  
P. Dillon ◽  
R.D. Evans ◽  
M. Rath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Condition Score

scholarly journals Influence of seasonality, timing of insemination and rectal temperature on conception rate of crossbred dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fransérgio Rocha de Souza ◽  
Carla Cristian Campos ◽  
Natascha Almeida Marques da Silva ◽  
Ricarda Maria dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Digital Thermometer ◽  
Pregnancy Diagnosis ◽  
Chi Squared

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rectal temperature (RT) on conception rate (CR), as well as the effects of seasonality (spring-summer vs. autumn-winter) and timing of artificial insemination (AI) (morning vs. afternoon) on RT and CR in crossbred dairy cows (Holstein x Gyr). The experiment was conducted on a dairy farm in Centralina, MG, where 1,219 conventional and fixed-time inseminations were analyzed. The RT was measured immediately before AI using a digital thermometer. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed using ultrasonography between 28 and 60 days after AI. T The effects of seasonality and timing of AI on RT were analyzed with a Mann-Whitney U test and the effects of RT (above or below the average), seasonality and timing of AI on CR were analyzed with a Chi-squared test, both using the SAS program. The RT average was 39.4°C. Cows with RT ? 39.4°C had lower CR than cows with RT < 39.4°C (25.78% vs. 32.54%; P = 0.0096). During spring-summer, cows had higher RT (39.44°C ± 0.025 vs. 39.27°C ± 0.022; P < 0.0001) and lower CR (25.49% vs. 31.75%; P = 0.0146) compared with autumn-winter. Cows inseminated in the morning had lower RT (38.96°C ± 0.022 vs. 39.60°C ± 0.018; P < 0.0001) and higher CR (32.86% vs. 26.06%; P = 0.0102) than cows inseminated in the afternoon. In conclusion, crossbred dairy cows with rectal temperature equal to or greater than 39.4°C had lower conception rate. Moreover, rectal temperature and conception rate were affected by seasonality and insemination time.

scholarly journals IFLUENCE OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT FROM FEIJOA LEAVES ON THYROID FUNCTION IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Alevtyna Kononenko ◽  
Vera Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Thyroid Mass ◽  
Serum Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels

The present work studied the effect of aqueous extract from Feijoa leaves on thyroid function of rats with experimental hypothyroidism. Healthy albino rats weighing between 120 gand 150 gwere used. The animals were randomly allotted into four groups, each containing eight rats respectively. Three of the groups (II, III and IV), induced with hypothyroidism, were treated by 0.05 % solution of thiamazole with drinking water for 30 days. Control (vehicle) rats were given normal saline. After 13 days hypothyroid groups (III and IV) of rats were treated with aqueous extract from Feijoa leaves at a dose 1.0 ml/100 g of body weight and with Iodomarin 200 (reference drug) at a dose 12 µg/kg daily orally for 21 days. Results obtained from the study showed that the introduction of thiamazole leads to functional changes in the thyroid gland in rats, accompanied by decreasing sings of rectal temperature and level of thyroid hormones. It was found, that treatment with AEFL normalizes serum thyroid hormone levels, increases rectal temperature and reduces the thyroid mass. The investigated extract can be attributed to the regulators of the thyroid hypofunction and is promising for further study of its effectiveness as a thyroid-stimulating agent.

scholarly journals Maxillary arch development with Invisalign system:

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Lione ◽  
Valeria Paoloni ◽  
Lorenzo Bartolommei ◽  
Francesca Gazzani ◽  
Simonetta Meuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Maxillary Canine ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Clear Aligner ◽  
Maxillary Arch

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate tooth movements during maxillary arch expansion with clear aligner treatment. Materials and Methods The study group included 28 subjects (16 females, 12 males, mean age 31.9 ± 5.4 years) collected prospectively from January 2018 to May 2019. Inclusion criteria were European ancestry, posterior transverse discrepancy of 3–6 mm, permanent dentition stage, presence of second permanent molars, mild or moderate crowding, and good compliance with aligners. Treatment protocol included nonextraction strategies, application of Invisalign clear aligner system, and no auxiliaries other than Invisalign attachments. Linear and angular measurements were performed before treatment (T1), at the end of treatment (T2), and on final virtual models (T2 ClinCheck). A paired t-test was used to compare T2-T1 and T2-T2 ClinCheck changes. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results Statistically significant differences were found for all measurements, except for ones at the upper second molars. The greatest increase in maxillary width was detected at the upper first and second premolars: +3.5 mm for the first premolar and +3.8 mm for the second premolar at T2. Comparison of T2-T1 angular outcomes showed statistically significant changes in the inclinations of all teeth except for the second permanent molars. T2-T2 ClinCheck showed significant differences for both linear and angular measurements for maxillary canines, resulting in poor predictability. Conclusions Maxillary arch development revealed a progressive reduction of the expansion rate and buccal tipping in the anterior, lateral, and posterior regions, with the greatest net increase at the first and second premolars. Clinical attention should be paid to maxillary canine movements, and overcorrection should be planned for them during dentoalveolar expansion.

scholarly journals Kajian Kondisi Faali Sapi Perah Peranakan Fries Holland (PFH) di Peternakan Rakyat Desa Suka Mulya Kecamatan Lembah Seulawah Kabupaten Aceh Besar Provinsi Aceh

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 709-718
Author(s):  
Muhammad Junaidi ◽  
Cut Intan Novita ◽  
Dzarnisa Dzarnisa
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
The Village

Abstrak. Suatu penelitian telah dilaksanakan di desa Suka Mulya, Kecamatan Lembah Seulawah, Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Penelitian berlangsung dari bulan November sampai Desember 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi faali sapi Peranakan Fries Holland (PFH) di peternakan rakyat desa Suka Mulya Kecamatan Lembah Seulawah Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Metode penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitis dengan mengunakan metode survei dan observasi langsung ke peternak dan sapi perah PFH. Lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara purposive sampling. Penetapan responden ditentukan mengunakan metode random sampling, jumlah responden sebanyak 10 peternak yang memelihara sapi perah. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 13 ekor sapi perah PFH. Parameter penelitian meliputi frekuensi pernafasan, denyut jantung dan suhu rektal. Data pendukung yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi suhu dan kelembaban kandang, manajemen pemeliharaan sapi perah, kesehatan ternak, dan karakteristik peternak/responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan frekuensi pernafasan sapi PFH adalah28,03 ± 0,63 kali/menit, frekuensi denyut jantung 68,92 ± 0,71  kali/menit dan suhu rektal 36,57 ± 0,55 °C. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kondisi faali/fisiologis ternak perah yang ada di peternakan Rakyat Desa Suka Mulya dalam keadaan baik/normal. Study on Condition of Dairy Cattle Breed Physiologic Fries Holland (PFH) Livestock in the Village People Prefer Mulya Seulawah Valley District District of Aceh Aceh Province Abstract. This study aimed to determine the effect of dairy cattle rearing system to physiological conditions in the district of Aceh Besar district seulawah Valley. The method used is descriptive analysis using the method of survey and direct observation to farmers and dairy cows PFH measurement of physiological conditions/physiological. This research by using two stages, the first stage is the observation field conditions and the second stage is the collection of data. Observation phase field conditions to determine the location of the study and the sample size, the data collection phase aims to obtain primary data and secondary data. The research location determined by purposive Desa Suka Mulya. Sampling of cattle that took cattle PFH to measure physiologic conditions/physiological. The number of samples taken in this study there are few dairy cows. The data collected from these samples include respiratory rate, heart rate, rectal temperature. Results of this study was the frequency of breathing 28,03 ± 0,63 times per minute, heart rate 68,92 ± 0,71 times per minute, a rectal temperature of 36,57 ± 0,55 times per minute. From the results of this research can be concluded that the physiologic conditions/physiological dairy cattle farm in the village of Suka Mulya People in a good state/normal

scholarly journals Analysis of lactating cows on commercial Austrian dairy farms: the influence of genotype and body weight on efficiency parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ledinek ◽  
Leonhard Gruber ◽  
Franz Steininger ◽  
Birgit Fuerst-Waltl ◽  
Karl Zottl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Weight Range ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract. The aim of this study was twofold: first, to evaluate the influence of body weight on the efficiency of dairy cows, and second, to analyze the current state of dairy cattle populations as part of the Austrian Cattle Breeding Association's Efficient Cow project. Data of Fleckvieh (FV, dual-purpose Simmental), Fleckvieh×Red Holstein (FV×RH), Holstein (HF) and Brown Swiss (BS) dairy cows (161 farms, 6098 cows) were collected at each performance recording during the year 2014. In addition to routinely recorded data (e.g., milk yield, fertility), body weight, body measurements, body condition score (BCS) and individual feed information were also collected. The following efficiency traits were considered: body weight efficiency as the ratio of energy-corrected milk (ECM) to metabolic body weight, feed efficiency (kilogram ECM per kilogram dry-matter intake) and energy efficiency expressed as the ratio of energy in milk to energy intake. The relationship of milk yield to body weight was shown to be nonlinear. Milk yield decreased in cows above the 750 kg body weight class for HF, BS and FV×RH with 68 % RH genes, but less dramatically and later for FV at 800 kg. This resulted in an optimum body weight for feed and energy efficiency. BS and HF had the highest efficiency in a narrower and lighter body weight range (550–700 kg) due to a stronger curvature of the parabolic curve. Contrary to this, the efficiency of FV did not change as much as it did in the dairy breeds with increasing body weight, meaning that FV had a similar feed and energy efficiency in a range of 500–750 kg. The breed differences disappeared when body weight ranged between 750 and 800 kg. The average body weight of the breeds studied (FV 722 kg, BS 649 and HF 662 kg) was in the optimum range. FV was located at the upper end of the decreasing segment. In conclusion, an optimum body weight range for efficiency does exist, due to the nonlinear relationship of milk yield and body weight. Specialized dairy breeds seem to respond more intensively to body weight range than dual-purpose breeds, due to the stronger curvature. Cows with medium weights within a population are the most efficient. Heavy cows (>750 kg) produce even less milk. A further increase in dairy cows' body weights should therefore be avoided.

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