The History of Neonatal Resuscitation

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette Zaichkin ◽  
Thomas Wiswell
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Newborn Resuscitation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times

Attempts at human resuscitation date back to ancient times. Most strategies for resuscitation focused on adults until the early 1800s, when newborn resuscitation captured the interest of noted practitioners. The most promising techniques and strategies for neonatal resuscitation were developed during the latter part of the twentieth century. This article examines the key components of neonatal resuscitation and the discoveries that stimulated the development of current neonatal resuscitation practices.

The Middle East in World History

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Obert Voll
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
World History ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Other World ◽  
Specific Label ◽  
Broad Region

This article describes the role of the Middle East in world history. The Middle East is both a strategic concept and a geo-cultural region. As a concept and a specific label of identification, it is a product of analysts writing about twentieth-century world affairs. However, as a region, its peoples and cultures are associated with the history of humanity from ancient times. This regional name itself shapes a way of understanding the history of the broad region of Southwestern Asia and Northern Africa. Both of the terms in the name — ‘Middle’ and ‘East’ — identify the region in relationship to other world regions and reflect the importance of the region's involvement in broader global historical processes. Along with examining the history of the region, the discussion also notes how the concepts of the historical units involved in that history have changed in the presentations of the history of the Middle East.

scholarly journals The role of Arab and Muslim scientists in developing of mathematics: دور علماء العرب و المسلمين في تطوير علم الرياضيات

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Abdullah Al-Thubaiti
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Great Role ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Scientific Achievements

The article aimed to clarify the history of Arab and Muslim mathematicians and to clarify the most important scientific achievements that played an active role in the development of mathematics. The descriptive research was followed through research in scientific encyclopedias such as the Encyclopedia of Mathematics and related scientific references. The history of mathematicians from ancient times to the twentieth century was studied and the most important mathematicians who had clear and documented scientific achievements were emphasized. The article concluded that there is a great role for the Arab and Muslim scientists in establishing the mathematics of this age, which expressed complex and logical relations, and provided us with a framework to regulate the large amounts of information and data by computer. The researchers recommended the need to document the work of Arab and Muslim scientists in scientific encyclopedias in various fields .

Medieval and modern Greece in the Academy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Gotsi
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Modern Greece ◽  
Language Literature

This chapter’s central concern is the search for the imprint of medieval and modern Greece in the high-culture British periodical press from the 1870s to the beginnings of the twentieth century through a case study of the Academy (1869–1916). Drawing on its progressive spirit and intellectual authority, the Academy displayed a serious scholarly interest in contemporary research on the language, literature and history of the Greeks beyond classical times to the present. A systematic investigation of its contents demonstrates the role exercised by a few of its contributors in the dissemination to the British educated public of such new knowledge. From this standpoint, the Academy served as a vehicle of late philhellenism: it promoted the idea of the continuum of Greek culture since ancient times while showing a considerable interest, distinct from that devoted to classical Hellas, in the study of the post-antique and contemporary Greek worlds.

Introduction and History of Rules of Engagement

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
J.F.R. Boddens Hosang
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Law ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Principal Source ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times

This section provides an overall introduction to the book, explaining the methodology of studying rules of engagement in the context of (international) law. The book adopts the perspective of military and law enforcement personnel on the actual application of the use of force in military operations and in law enforcement. On these bases, the focus is principally directed at the rules on the use of force issued to such personnel in order to carry out their tasks, while their analyses and interpretations were directed at those rules themselves as the principal source of authorizations and restrictions on the use of force in the conduct of their operations. Furthermore, the chapter provides a historical overview of how rules of engagement have developed from ancient times to the present, with a particular focus on how they have been affected by the conflicts of the twentieth century onwards.

scholarly journals A History of Iran

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
Derek J. Mancini-Lander
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Second Century ◽  
The Arts ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Qajar Period ◽  
Constitutional Revolution

This survey of the history of Iranian civilization from ancient times to thepresent is intended for general audiences with little knowledge of Iranianhistory. The book’s nine chapters consist largely of chronological presentationsof political history, but occasionally make room for sections on religiousmovements, society, and the arts. The first two chapters briskly coverthe ancient period through the Sassanids. The third runs from the Islamicconquests through the fifteenth century and contains a long section on theevolution of Persian verse tradition. The fourth and fifth chapters cover theSafavids’ rise and fall, the development of early modern Twelver Shi`ism,and the tumultuous period leading up to the Qajars. The sixth surveys thelate Qajar period and the constitutional revolution, while the last three chaptersdetail the events of the twentieth century with an emphasis on the 1979Islamic revolution and what has happened since. As nearly a third of thebook deals with the twentieth century, the treatment of the ancient periodsand the first millennium of the Islamic era are comparatively spare.Axworthy’s main project is to trace the history of a sense of “Iranianness”or “Irananian identity” that he claims to have identified in ancientsources and uses to justify composing what he calls “a history of Iran.”Although he does not provide an explicit and comprehensive definition ofthis “Iranian identity,” he states clearly that he is not describing a sense ofnation (pp. xv-xvi and 117). Rather, he implies that this identity is a loosesense of affiliation based on the idea of a common land, language, andshared memory. But when he speaks, for example, of an “Iranian revival” inthe second century or an “Iranian reconquest” in the fourteenth, he uses thevery nation-centered paradigm of history that he seeks to avoid, even if herefrains from invoking a “national” sensibility ...

scholarly journals ARTISTIC HARMONY OF THE POETICS OF HISTORICAL TRUTH

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
Z. Sametova ◽  
◽  
M. Aitimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
World Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Historical Truth

This article States that the classic artistic basis of modern Kazakh prose, which influenced its content and form, were the works of new written realistic literature ( works of Abay, Y. Altynsarina et al.). Images of Kazakh prose created by Shokan, Ibrai, Abai and works written at the subsequent stages of the development of Kazakh literature are national spiritual values. It also examines the literary process of the early twentieth century and the work of individual writers who contributed to the development of the novel genre in Kazakh prose along with examples of world literature. A large number of Kazakh novels created during the period of independence were published in the 90s of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI century. The article examines how the centuries-old history of the Kazakh people, the history of the Kazakh state from ancient times to the present day is depicted in fiction within the framework of the traditional creative process.

GENESIS AND WAYS OF EVOLUTIONARY DEVELOPMENT OF KAZAKH POETRY (from ancient times to the twentieth century)

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
B. Smanov ◽  
◽  
E. Abdimomynov ◽  
Sh. Kuttybaev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Verbal Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The Middle Ages

The article reveals the peculiarities of the formation and development of Kazakh poetry in antiquity and the Middle Ages with a deep study of the genesis of Saks, Huns and ancient Turkic epochs. In addition, the manifestation of the idea of freedom, freedom in the work of Zhyrau and its representatives, born during the formation of the Kazakh Khanate, is thoroughly studied. Also the deep analysis of creativity of poets of sorrowful times of the XIX century, who came on a historical stage after zhyrau poetry and left the indelible trace in development of verbal art, carrying out the historical mission is given. Special attention is paid to the valuable opinions of our scientists who studied the works of poets who called on their society and the younger generation to fight for independence and the value of freedom at a time when Kazakh poetry was going through various stages of development in the evolution of its formation and development. As a result, the opinion of researchers who studied the history of Kazakh poetry, which was supplemented, updated and developed in artistic, ideological, structural, stylistic directions in accordance with the needs of social life of each epoch, is scientifically substantiated that Kazakh poetry originated in antiquity, and then in Kultegin and Tonikok.

The History of (Crime) Ethnography

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-39
Author(s):  
Luca Berardi
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Chicago School ◽  
Ethnographic Methods ◽  
Intellectual Traditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Crime And Deviance ◽  
Broad Overview ◽  
History Of Crime

This chapter provides a broad overview of the history and use of ethnography as a tool for studying crime and deviance. It traces the development of ethnographic methods, including participant observation, from ancient times to the present, exploring how early-twentieth-century anthropologists and sociologists, First and Second Chicago School ethnographers, and scholars from a variety of intellectual traditions have shaped, problematized, and codified ethnography—leaving us with some of the most canonical studies of crime and deviance in the process. This chapter serves as an historical steppingstone for the remainder of the handbook, highlighting some of the most influential people, places, studies, and movements that have shaped how contemporary crime ethnographers understand and practice their craft.

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