State Change in Preterm Infants in Response to Nursing Caregiving: Possible Gender Effects

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Thomas ◽  
Shao-Yu Tsai ◽  
Sara Brown
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
State Change ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
State Changes ◽  
Wake State

Purpose:To describe the effect of nursing caregiving on infant sleep-wake states by gender in preterm infantsDesign:Descriptive measures at 34 weeks postmenstrual age and at dischargeSample:Twenty-two hospitalized preterm infantsMain Outcome Variable:Infant state and caregiving episodes were coded in 15-second intervals from video recordings of approximately three hours duration. Time plots of state and caregiving were analyzed visually to summarize spontaneous state changes and state change associated with caregiving.Results:Sleep and wake state distribution did not differ statistically by gender; however, the rate of state change in male infants was twice that of females (p=.012) at discharge. At discharge, male infants received approximately twice as many care episodes as females. At discharge, the rate of state change in response to caregiving in male infants was four times that of female infants (p=.026). Males exhibited a greater percentage of caregiving episodes related to state change than did females at discharge (p=.018). Findings suggest further exploration of possible gender differences in state regulation and state change in response to caregiving.

Elevated Sound Levels within a Busy NICU

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlene Krueger ◽  
Susan Wall ◽  
Leslie Parker ◽  
Rose Nealis
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Main Outcome Variable

Purpose: Elevated sound levels in the NICU may contribute to undesirable physiologic and behavioral effects in preterm infants. This study describes sound levels in a busy NICU in the southeastern U.S. and compares the findings with recommended NICU noise level standards.Design: NICU sound levels were recorded continuously at nine different locations within the NICU. Hourly measurements of loudness equivalent (Leq) sound level, sound level exceeded 10 percent of the time (L10), and maximum sound level (Lmax) were determined.Sample: Sound levels were sampled from nine different locations within the NICU.Main Outcome Variable: Sound levels are described using the hourly, A-weighted Leq, L10, and Lmax.Results: The overall average hourly Leq (M = 60.44 dB, range = 55–68 dB), L10 (M = 59.26 dB, range = 55–66 dB), and Lmax (M = 78.39, range = 69–93 dB) were often above the recommended sound levels (hourly Leq <50 dB, L10 <55 dB, and 1-second Lmax <70 dB). In addition, certain times of day, such as 6–7 AM and 10 AM–12 noon, were noisier than other times of day.

scholarly journals Mothers’ Breastfeeding Experiences in the NICU

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille A. Boucher ◽  
Paola M. Brazal ◽  
Cynthia Graham-Certosini ◽  
Kathryn Carnaghan-Sherrard ◽  
Nancy Feeley
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Maternal Experience ◽  
Personal Motivation ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Main Outcome Variable

AbstractPurpose: There is extensive literature on the physical and physiologic benefits of breastfeeding premature infants. Less is known about mothers’ perceptions of their own breastfeeding experience. This study explored the maternal experience of breastfeeding initiation and progression in the NICU.Design: A qualitative, descriptive design.Sample: A convenience sample of ten mothers was recruited from a Level III NICU. The sample included mothers of infants between 33 and 36 weeks gestational time at the time of the interview who had been in the NICU for at least five days.Main Outcome Variable: Mothers’ breastfeeding experiences with preterm infants in an NICU.Results: Mothers described their breastfeeding experiences in terms of maintaining milk production, the regimen of the NICU, mother as learner, personal motivation, and forming attachments.

Neonatal Thermoregulation: Bed Surface Transfers

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Altimier ◽  
Barbara Warner ◽  
Stephanie Amlung ◽  
Carole Kenner
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Baseline Temperature ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Radiant Warmer

Purpose: To describe temperature changes that occur in preterm infants following bed surface transfers.Design: The design was descriptive.Sample: The convenience sample was comprised of 20 preterm infants (<1,500 gm birth weight).Main outcome variable: Temperature stability after a bed transfer (i.e., radiant warmer to incubator) was the main outcome variable.Results: There were no significant differences in temperatures after bed surface transfer. However, the temperatures one hour after bed surface transfer were lower than baseline temperature before bed surface transfer.

Multimodal Neurologic Enhancement Improves Preterm Infants' Developmental Outcomes: A Longitudinal Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Detmer ◽  
Kayla Evans ◽  
Erin Shina ◽  
Kimberly Walker ◽  
Darcy DeLoach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Early Learning ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Visual Reception ◽  
Experimental Group

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify the long-term developmental effects of a NICU music therapy intervention, Multimodal Neurologic Enhancement, provided to preterm infants in the NICU.DesignProspective randomized controlled study with one control group and one experimental group.SampleParticipants were medically stable preterm infants with a birth age of 31 and 6/7 weeks or less, admitted to a level-III NICU. A total of 84 participants were enrolled, and 48 completed the study.Main Outcome VariablePost-discharge developmental scores on the Mullen Scales of Early Learning: AGS Edition.ResultsThe experimental group performed significantly better than the control group on the Visual Reception and Early Learning Composite scores.

scholarly journals Neonatal Nurses’ and Therapists’ Perceptions of Positioning for Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cori Zarem ◽  
Tara Crapnell ◽  
Lisa Tiltges ◽  
Laura Madlinger ◽  
Lauren Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Neonatal Nurses ◽  
Positioning Method ◽  
Main Outcome Variable

Purpose: Determine perceptions about positioning for preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Design: Twenty-item survey.Sample: Neonatal nurses (n = 68) and speech, physical, and occupational therapists (n = 8).Main outcome variable: Perceptions about positioning were obtained, and differences in perceptions between nurses and therapists were explored.Results: Ninety-nine percent of respondents agreed that positioning is important for the well-being of the infant. Sixty-two percent of nurses and 86 percent of therapists identified the Dandle ROO as the ideal method of neonatal positioning. Forty-four percent of nurses and 57 percent of therapists reported that the Dandle ROO is the easiest positioning method to use in the NICU. Some perceptions differed: Therapists were more likely to report that the SleepSack does not hold the infant in good alignment. Nurses were more likely to report that the infant does not sleep well in traditional positioning.

Human-Milk Feeding after NICU Discharge

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Canadian City ◽  
Mother's Milk ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Mother’S Milk ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Milk Feeding

Purpose:Difficulty with breastfeeding is common, and challenges are particularly pronounced for mothers of ill or preterm infants. This study explores the breastfeeding experiences of mothers of these at-risk infants to determine their breastfeeding patterns and to better understand reasons they prematurely stop breastfeeding and/or human-milk feeding (HMF).Design:A qualitative, longitudinal, descriptive design was used.Sample:The sample consisted of 144 mothers whose preterm or ill infants were cared for in either an NICU or an intermediate care nursery in a large central Canadian city; 112 mothers completed data collection to six weeks after their infants were discharged from the hospital.Main Outcome Variable:The main outcome variable was continued breastfeeding or HMF of formerly ill or preterm infants at one and six weeks after their discharge from the hospital.Results:Of infants who were being fed mother’s milk when discharged from the hospital, 71 percent continued to receive at least some mother’s milk at six weeks after discharge. Mothers reported that their own physical and emotional problems, infant health concerns, and lack of time and support were reasons for discontinuing provision of human milk.

Development of Father-Infant Attachment in Fathers of Preterm Infants

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Main Outcome Variable

Purpose: To investigate the development of feelings of attachment between fathers and their preterm infants and to identify factors that help or hinder this process.Design: A longitudinal descriptive design was used to obtain fathers!’ perceptions of their infants, feelings for their infants, and other related factors.Sample: A convenience sample of 27 fathers of preterm infants was recruited.Main Outcome Variable: The main outcome variable was the time at which fathers first held their infants.Results: The earlier fathers held their babies, the sooner they reported feelings of warmth and love for them.

Challenges Mothers Identify in Bottle Feeding Their Preterm Infants

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Thoyre
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Mothers Of Preterm Infants ◽  
Main Outcome Variable

Purpose: To describe the challenges mothers identify in bottle feeding their preterm infants prior to discharge from the NICU.Design: Mothers bottle fed their infants in the NICU while being videotaped. Following the feeding, a semifocused interview was conducted with the mother using playback of the videotaped feeding to enhance exploration of the experience of feeding.Sample: The participants were 22 mothers of preterm infants (≤1,500 grams).Main Outcome Variable: Mothers’ challenges in feeding preterm infants.Results: Mothers identified three major categories of challenge: ensuring safety during the feeding, ensuring adequate intake of calories, and advancing the feeding plan once home. Mothers described strategies they used to meet these challenges and discussed the implications some of these strategies held for them.

Cognitive Health Counseling 40+

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Eschen ◽  
Franzisca Zehnder ◽  
Mike Martin
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Pilot Phase ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
Further Development

This article introduces Cognitive Health Counseling 40+ (CH.CO40+), an individualized intervention that is conceptually based on the orchestration model of quality-of-life management ( Martin & Kliegel, 2010 ) and aims at improving satisfaction with cognitive health in adults aged 40 years and older. We describe the theoretically deduced characteristics of CH.CO40+, its target group, its multifactorial nature, its individualization, the application of subjective and objective measures, the role of participants as agents of change, and the rationale for choosing participants’ satisfaction with their cognitive health as main outcome variable. A pilot phase with 15 middle-aged and six older adults suggests that CH.CO40+ attracts, and may be particularly suitable for, subjective memory complainers. Implications of the pilot data for the further development of the intervention are discussed.

scholarly journals Factors associated with neurodevelopment in preterm infants with systematic inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Sun Lee ◽  
Ee-Kyung Kim ◽  
Seung han Shin ◽  
Young-Hun Choi ◽  
Young Hwa Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
White Matter Injury ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Impairment ◽  
Near Term

Abstract Background Several studies have suggested that adverse neurodevelopment could be induced by systemic inflammation in preterm infants. We aimed to investigate whether preterm infants with systemic inflammation would have impaired neurodevelopment and which biomarkers and neurophysiologic studies during inflammation are associated with poor neurodevelopment. Methods This prospective cohort study enrolled infants born before 30 weeks of gestation or with birth weight < 1250 g. Infants were grouped according to the presence of systemic inflammation: Control (no inflammation, n = 49), I (systemic inflammation, n = 45). Blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples for markers of brain injury and inflammation were collected and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) was performed within 4 h of septic workup. We evaluated aEEG at 35 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA), head circumference at 36 weeks PMA, and brain MRI at discharge. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III (Bayley-III) was performed at a corrected age (CA) of 18 months. Results The I group had more white matter injuries (2 vs. 26.7%, Control vs. I, respectively) at the time of discharge, lower brain functional maturation (9.5 vs. 8), and smaller head size (z-score − 1.45 vs. -2.12) at near-term age and poorer neurodevelopment at a CA of 18 months than the control (p < 0.05). Among the I group, the proportion of immature neutrophils (I/T ratios) and IL-1 beta levels in the CSF were associated with aEEG measures at the day of symptom onset (D0). Seizure spike on aEEG at D0 was significantly correlated with motor and social-emotional domains of Bayley-III (p < 0.05). The I/T ratio and CRP and TNF-α levels of blood at D0, white matter injury on MRI at discharge, head circumference and seizure spikes on aEEG at near-term age were associated with Bayley-III scores at a CA of 18 months. Conclusions Systemic inflammation induced by clinical infection and NEC are associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants. The seizure spike on aEEG, elevated I/T ratio, CRP, and plasma TNF-alpha during inflammatory episodes are associated with poor neurodevelopment.

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