Variable Clinical Presentations of ABO Incompatibility in Dizygotic Twins

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 317-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Mundy ◽  
Jatinder Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Dizygotic Twins ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Extreme Variation

AbstractNewborns with ABO blood group incompatibility can have a spectrum of clinical presentations from remaining asymptomatic to severe hemolytic anemia with jaundice. This case presentation discusses dizygotic twins who demonstrated both ends of the clinical spectrum. Similar cases in which there is such extreme variation between twins were not attainable in the current literature, which prompted the authors to present it as a rare occurrence and one that was unexpected based on their past experience with ABO incompatibility both in singletons and in twins.

scholarly journals Rare presentation of Limb Body Wall Complex in a Neonate: Case report and review of literature

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omoloro Adeleke ◽  
Farrukh Gill ◽  
Ramesh Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Clinical Presentations

The Limb Body Wall Complex (LBWC) aka. Body Stalk Syndrome is an uncommon congenital disorder characterized by severe malformations of limb, thorax, and abdomen, characterized by the presence of thoracoschisis, abdominoschisis, limb defects, and exencephaly. This condition is extremely rare with an incidence of 1 per 14,000 and 1 per 31,000 pregnancies in large epidemiologic studies. Majority of these malformed fetuses end up with spontaneous abortions. We present this rare case with occurrence in a preterm infant of 35 weeks gestation. Our report highlights majority of the clinical presentations as reported in previous literature, but the significant pathological findings of absent genitalia and malformed genitourinary, anorectal malformations make this case presentation an even more rare occurrence. Infant karyotyping was normal male and there is no specific underlying genetic correlation in this condition which has fatal prognosis.

scholarly journals Application of Saliva Inhibition to Detect Underlying Alloantibodies in Bombay Blood Group

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Lingbo Wang ◽  
Michael Crennan ◽  
Angela Benic ◽  
Derek Chiu ◽  
Fiona Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Transfusion Practice ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Secretor Status ◽  
Thermal Amplitude ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Clinically Significant

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The Bombay phenotype is a rare blood group determined by the absence of H antigens. Bombay individuals produce anti-H, a clinically significant antibody that react against all ABO blood group. Anti-H can mask underlying alloantibody during antibody investigation, a challenge in current transfusion practice. The aim of this article is to explore saliva inhibition, a novel method to detect underlying alloantibody in Bombay individuals. <b><i>Case Presentation:</i></b> The case is a 93-year-old female transfused with pre-donated autologous blood for a surgery. We determined anti-H subclass and thermal amplitude, secretor status, and optimal ratio of saliva and Bombay plasma. Plasma samples containing anti-H were spiked with anti-Fy(a) to determine the effectiveness of saliva inhibition in uncovering underlying alloantibodies. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Anti-H was confirmed to be predominately IgM with broad thermal amplitude. Tube immediate spin (IS) showed stronger anti-H reactivity compared to column agglutination technology (CAT). Spiked anti-Fy(a) was successfully detected using saliva inhibition method. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Tube IS appears more sensitive to anti-H. Saliva inhibition appears to be a promising method to detect underlying alloantibody in the plasma of Bombay phenotype individuals.

scholarly journals Impact of ABO Blood Group Incompatibility on Outcomes after Single-Unit Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Malignant Hematological Disease

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 2055-2055
Author(s):  
Cheng Siqi ◽  
Baolin Tang ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhu ◽  
Huilan Liu ◽  
Kaidi Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Cord Blood Transplantation ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective In contrast to solid organ transplantation, ABO blood group incompatibility was acceptable in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, reports of the effect of donor-recipient ABO incompatibility on long-time survival, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and relapse after allo-HSCT were controversial. Relatively few reports existed on the effects of ABO incompatibility after umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of major ABO incompatibility on RBC transfusion burden, hematologic recovery, GVHD, transplant-related mortality (TRM), relapse, and overall survival (OS) in UCBT for malignant disease. Methods This retrospective study included 587 malignant hematonosis patients who received myeloablative single-unit unrelated donor UCBT at our center between May 2008 and June 2018. Median follow-up time of the patients alive was 40.7 months (range: 12.0-134.6 months). A total of 230 (39.2%) patients received an ABO-identical transplant, and 357 (60.8%) received ABO-mismatched transplants, including 161 (27.4%) minor, 141 (24.0%) major, and 55 (9.4%) bidirectional ABO-incompatible UCBTs. All patients received myeloablative conditioning regimens and cyclosporine A (CsA) combined with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as a GVHD prophylaxis. Results A comparison of ABO compatibility and incompatibility demonstrated no significant differences (P>0.05) in the cumulative incidence of neutrophil, platelet, and red blood cell engraftment . There was no significant difference in the cumulative incidence of grades Ⅱ to Ⅳ aGVHD (P= .527) and Ⅲ to Ⅳ aGVHD (P= .949) among the 4 groups (Figure A , B). In univariate analysis, ABO blood group incompatibility was not associated with cumulative incidence of 180d TRM (Figure C, P= .602). The overall 3-year survival had no statistically significant differences among the 4 groups (Figure D; P= .384). Further, 11 patients were excluded from the analysis of post-UCBT RBC transfusion burden because of missing data and non-red blood cell engraftment. Of the remaining 576 patients, the median number of RBC transfusions during transplant days 0 to 60 was 4 (range, 0 to 106). There was no significant difference in the transfusion burden among all ABO blood type mismatch groups (Table 1, P = .069). Furthermore, none of the patients developed pure red aplastic anemia (PRCA) after UCBT. Conclusion The results showed that ABO blood group incompatibility had no significant impact on hematologic engraftment, the occurrence of GVHD, and the survival of malignant hemoblastosis. Patients with myeloablative single-unit UCBT may not develop PRCA; Donor-recipient ABO incompatibility may not be the major consideration in the selection of umbilical cord blood. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals ABO Blood Group Incompatibility Protects Against SARS-CoV-2 Transmission

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachida Boukhari ◽  
Adrien Breiman ◽  
Jennifer Jazat ◽  
Nathalie Ruvoën-Clouet ◽  
Salima Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Real Importance ◽  
Abo Blood Type ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Protein Attachment

ABO blood groups appear to be associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the underlying mechanisms and their real importance remain unclear. Two hypotheses have been proposed: ABO compatibility-dependence (neutralization by anti-ABO antibodies) and ABO-dependent intrinsic susceptibility (spike protein attachment to histo-blood group glycans). We tested the first hypothesis through an anonymous questionnaire addressed to hospital staff members. We estimated symptomatic secondary attack rates (SAR) for 333 index cases according to spouse ABO blood group compatibility. Incompatibility was associated with a lower SAR (28% vs. 47%; OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.27–0.69), but no ABO dependence was detected in compatible situations. For the second hypothesis, we detected no binding of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 RBD to blood group-containing glycans. Thus, although no intrinsic differences in susceptibility according to ABO blood type were detected, ABO incompatibility strongly decreased the risk of COVID-19 transmission, suggesting that anti-ABO antibodies contribute to virus neutralization.

scholarly journals Modelling suggests blood group incompatibility may substantially reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter James Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Type A ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
High Susceptibility ◽  
Abo Incompatibility

Several independent datasets suggest blood type A is over-represented and type O under-represented among COVID-19 patients. Here, I model a scenario in which ABO transfusion incompatibility reduces the chance of a patient transmitting the virus to an incompatible recipient. Comparison of model outputs to published data on COVID-19 prevalence indicates that if this scenario holds true, ABO incompatibility may reduce virus transmissibility by 60% or more. Paradoxically, however, targeted vaccination of either high-susceptibility type A or "super-spreader" type O individuals is less effective than random vaccination at blocking community spread of the virus. Instead, the key is to maintain blood type diversity amongst the remaining susceptible individuals. I stress that these results illustrate a theoretical model of ABO blood group interaction with virus transmission and require confirmation by observation.

scholarly journals Estimating the Risk of ABO Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn in Lagos

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alani Sulaimon Akanmu ◽  
Olufemi Abiola Oyedeji ◽  
Titilope Adenike Adeyemo ◽  
Ann Abiola Ogbenna
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Abo Incompatibility ◽  
Population Prevalence ◽  
Abo Hemolytic Disease

Background. ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn is the most common hemolytic consequence of maternofetal blood group incompatibility restricted mostly to non-group-O babies of group O mothers with immune anti-A or anti-B antibodies. Aim. We estimated the risk of ABO HDN with view to determining need for routine screening for ABO incompatibility between mother and fetus. Materials and Methods. Prevalence of ABO blood group phenotypes in blood donors at the donor clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital and arithmetic methods were used to determine population prevalence of ABO genes. We then estimated proportion of pregnancies of group O mothers carrying a non-group-O baby and the risk that maternofetal ABO incompatibility will cause clinical ABO HDN. Results. Blood from 9138 donors was ABO typed. 54.3%, 23%, 19.4%, and 3.3% were blood groups O, A, B, and AB, respectively. Calculated gene frequencies were 0.1416, 0.1209, and 0.7375 for A, B, and O genes, respectively. It was estimated that 14.3% of deliveries will result in a blood group O woman giving birth to a child who is non-group-O. Approximately 4.3% of deliveries are likely to suffer ABO HDN with 2.7% prone to suffer from moderately severe to severe hemolysis.

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