Respondents’ Experiences of Completing a Retrospective Web-Based, Sexual Trauma Survey: Does a History of Sexual Victimization Equate With Risk for Harm?

This study investigated respondents’ experiences of completing a retrospective web-based survey exploring sexual revictimization. The original survey provided a link to a separate mixed-methods survey assessing the impact of participation. Of the original 481 respondents, 234 completed this follow-up survey. Eighty percent were female and 52% reported histories of sexual victimization (SV). Newman, Willard, Sinclair, and Kaloupek’s (2001) Reactions to Research Participation Questionnaire was adapted to suit this web-based design, and several open-ended questions were included. The statistical analysis revealed that those who experienced SV reported higher levels of distress and personal benefit and were less likely to be inconvenienced by participation. However, higher levels of benefit did not always compensate for greater levels of distress, particularly for those with more recent and more extensive histories of SV. The thematic analysis of the qualitative responses is discussed and suggestions are offered for the design of more ethically sensitive research protocols and practices.

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Research Participation Experiences of Informants of Suicide and Control Cases

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000025 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 238-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Paul W. C. Wong ◽

Wincy S. C. Chan ◽

Philip S. L. Beh ◽

Fiona W. S. Yau ◽

Paul S. F. Yip ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethical Issues ◽

Research Participation ◽

Self Report ◽

Initial Contact ◽

Psychological Autopsy ◽

Autopsy Study ◽

The People ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Background: Ethical issues have been raised about using the psychological autopsy approach in the study of suicide. The impact on informants of control cases who participated in case-control psychological autopsy studies has not been investigated. Aims: (1) To investigate whether informants of suicide cases recruited by two approaches (coroners’ court and public mortuaries) respond differently to the initial contact by the research team. (2) To explore the reactions, reasons for participation, and comments of both the informants of suicide and control cases to psychological autopsy interviews. (3) To investigate the impact of the interviews on informants of suicide cases about a month after the interviews. Methods: A self-report questionnaire was used for the informants of both suicide and control cases. Telephone follow-up interviews were conducted with the informants of suicide cases. Results: The majority of the informants of suicide cases, regardless of the initial route of contact, as well as the control cases were positive about being approached to take part in the study. A minority of informants of suicide and control cases found the experience of talking about their family member to be more upsetting than expected. The telephone follow-up interviews showed that none of the informants of suicide cases reported being distressed by the psychological autopsy interviews. Limitations: The acceptance rate for our original psychological autopsy study was modest. Conclusions: The findings of this study are useful for future participants and researchers in measuring the potential benefits and risks of participating in similar sensitive research. Psychological autopsy interviews may be utilized as an active engagement approach to reach out to the people bereaved by suicide, especially in places where the postvention work is underdeveloped.

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S19 The impact of clotting abnormalities on the natural history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an extended follow up of a population based cohort

Thorax ◽

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.25 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 71 (Suppl 3) ◽

pp. A13.1-A13

Author(s):

V Navaratnam ◽

AW Fogarty ◽

T McKeever ◽

N Thompson ◽

G Jenkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural History ◽

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Population Based ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact

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Abstract 14134: The Impact of Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation on Dementia Incidence in Patients With and Without Depression

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.14134 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Heidi T May ◽

Tami L Bair ◽

Stacey Knight ◽

Jeffrey L Anderson ◽

Joseph B Muhlestein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Brain Perfusion ◽

Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽

Incident Dementia ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact ◽

Mean Time ◽

History Of Depression

Introduction: Studies have previously shown that atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with dementia. The mechanisms are likely multifactorial, but may involve treatment strategies that include anticoagulation use and rhythm management, particularly when used early. Patients that have earlier-life depression are at risk of dementia. However, depression diagnosis in AF patients may indicate a patient at higher risk of developing dementia and whether treatments ameliorate that risk is unknown. Methods: A total of 132,703 AF patients without a history of dementia were studied. History of depression was determined at the time of AF diagnosis. Patients were deemed as having a follow-up ablation if it occurred prior to a dementia diagnosis. Patients were stratified into 4 groups based on depression history and follow-up ablation status: no depression, ablation (n=5,960); no depression, no ablation (n=106,986); depression, ablation (n=923); and depression, no ablation (n=18,834). Patients were followed for 5-year incidence of dementia. Results: A total of 14.9% (n=19,757) pts had a history of depression at the time of AF diagnosis. The mean time between depression and AF diagnoses was 4.9±4.8 years. Patients with depression were younger (68±15 vs. 71±14 years), more likely to be female (62% vs. 44%), and had more cardiovascular comorbidities. Mean time to ablation was 1.3±1.4 days (median: 7.7 months) from AF diagnosis. Frequencies of 5-year dementia were: no depression, ablation=1.6%; no depression, no ablation=5.2%; depression, ablation=4.7%; and depression, no ablation=9.7%, p<0.0001. Multivariable comparisons between the groups are shown in the Figure. Conclusion: In AF patients with and without depression, ablation was associated with a lower risk of incident dementia. Rhythm control approaches that improve long-term brain perfusion may represent a means to impact cognitive declines in patients at higher risk because of earlier-life depression.

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Impact of obesity on male urethral sling outcomes

Therapeutic Advances in Urology ◽

10.1177/1756287220927997 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 175628722092799

Author(s):

M. Francesca Monn ◽

Hannah V. Jarvis ◽

Thomas A. Gardner ◽

Matthew J. Mellon

Keyword(s):

Operative Time ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Retrospective Cohort Analysis ◽

Surgical Complexity ◽

History Of ◽

Sling Placement ◽

The Impact ◽

Male Urethral Sling

Background: The impact of obesity on AdVance male urethral sling outcomes has been poorly evaluated. Anecdotally, male urethral sling placement can be more challenging due to body habitus in obese patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of obesity on surgical complexity using operative time as a surrogate and secondarily to evaluate the impact on postoperative pad use. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed using all men who underwent AdVance male urethral sling placement at a single institution between 2013 and 2019. Descriptive statistics comparing obese and non-obese patients were performed. Results: A total of 62 patients were identified with median (IQR) follow up of 14 (4–33) months. Of these, 40 were non-obese and 22 (35.5%) were obese. When excluding patients who underwent concurrent surgery, the mean operative times for the non-obese versus obese cohorts were 61.8 min versus 73.7 min ( p = 0.020). No Clavien 3–5 grade complications were noted. At follow up, 47.5% of the non-obese cohort and 63.6% of the obese cohort reported using one or more pads daily ( p = 0.290). Four of the five patients with a history of radiation were among the patients wearing pads following male urethral sling placement. Conclusion: Obese men undergoing AdVance male urethral sling placement required increased operative time, potentially related to operative complexity, and a higher proportion of obese compared with non-obese patients required postoperative pads for continued urinary incontinence. Further research is required to better delineate the full impact of obesity on male urethral sling outcomes.

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Decreasing the Impact of Anxiety on Cancer Prevention through Online Intervention

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17030985 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 985

Author(s):

Maksymilian Gajda ◽

Małgorzata Kowalska

Keyword(s):

Positive Family History ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Web Based ◽

Internet Portal ◽

Randomized Intervention ◽

History Of ◽

Diagnosis Of Cancer ◽

On Line ◽

The Impact

Background: Low levels of public knowledge, incorrect beliefs, and anxiety are the most often mentioned factors that may negatively affect the implementation of preventive campaigns and timely diagnosis of cancer. Cancer is a major unresolved problem for global public health. As a result, many effective preventive measures need to be found and implemented. Methods: For a duration of 18 months, readers of the Polish scientific Internet portal were invited to participate in the Polish On-line Randomized Intervention aimed at Neoplasm Avoidance (PORINA) study. Level of cancer-related anxiety was our main measure (self-declared on a simple five-point Likert scale) in this analysis. Results: A total of 463 participants were qualified for the final analysis. Respondents with a positive family history of cancer (p < 0.001) declared the highest level of cancer-related anxiety, whereas lower levels were declared by those previously treated for cancer (p = 0.006). The conducted educational intervention reduced the declared level of cancer-related anxiety. Conclusions: The results of this study provide evidence that the use of web-based interventions aimed at increasing awareness could reduce cancer-related anxiety and may lead to more frequent consent to undergo some of the medical procedures used to diagnose or treat cancer.

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Long-term prognosis of patients withJ-wave syndrome

Heart ◽

10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 106 (4) ◽

pp. 299-306

Author(s):

Tsukasa Kamakura ◽

Tetsuji Shinohara ◽

Kenji Yodogawa ◽

Nobuyuki Murakoshi ◽

Hiroshi Morita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Amplitude ◽

Long Term Study ◽

St Segment ◽

History Of ◽

Provocation Testing ◽

Long Term Prognosis ◽

Electrocardiographic Parameters ◽

The Impact

ObjectiveLimited data are currently available regarding the long-term prognosis of patients with J-wave syndrome (JWS). The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term prognosis of patients with JWS and identify predictors of the recurrence of ventricular fibrillation (VF).MethodsThis was a multicentre retrospective study (seven Japanese hospitals) involving 134 patients with JWS (Brugada syndrome (BrS): 85; early repolarisation syndrome (ERS): 49) treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. All patients had a history of VF. All patients with ERS underwent drug provocation testing with standard and high intercostal ECG recordings to rule out BrS. The impact of global J waves (type 1 ECG or anterior J waves and inferolateral J waves in two or more leads) on the prognosis was evaluated.ResultsDuring the 91±66 months of the follow-up period, 52 (39%) patients (BrS: 37; ERS: 15) experienced recurrence of VF. Patients with BrS and ERS with global J waves showed a significantly higher incidence of VF recurrence than those without (BrS: log-rank, p=0.014; ERS: log-rank, p=0.0009). The presence of global J waves was a predictor of VF recurrence in patients with JWS (HR: 2.16, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.91, p=0.0095), while previously reported high-risk electrocardiographic parameters (high-amplitude J waves ≥0.2 mV and J waves associated with a horizontal or descending ST segment) were not predictive of VF recurrence.ConclusionsThis multicentre long-term study showed that the presence of global J waves was associated with a higher incidence of VF recurrence in patients with JWS.

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4070Clinical impact of mitral regurgitation before or following transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis: a nationwide multivariable analysis

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0094 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

L Fauchier ◽

A Bernard ◽

A Bisson ◽

T Lacour ◽

J Herbert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ◽

Independent Predictor ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Total Mortality ◽

Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽

Mortality Hazard ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact ◽

Mortality Hazard Ratio

Abstract Patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) may have concomitant mitral regurgitation (MR). The impact of MR at baseline or after TAVR on subsequent prognosis remains to be more precisely determined. We analysed the impact of MR before or after TAVR on prognosis in the systematic analysis of patients treated with TAVR at a nationwide level. Methods Based on the French administrative hospital-discharge database, the study collected information for all consecutive patients with aortic stenosis treated with transfemoral TAVR in France between 2008 and 2018. Cox regression was used for the analysis of predictors of events during follow-up. Results A total of 47,872 patients with transfemoral TAVR were included in the analysis (mean age 83±7 years). Moderate/severe MR was present at baseline (MRb) in 9.5% of the patients. Few patients (1.6%) revealed moderate/severe MR post-TAVR (MRpt). Mean follow-up was 1.31±1.61 years. MRb was associated with an increased cardiovascular mortality (Hazard ratio 1.29, 95% CI 1.20–1.39) and total mortality (Hazard ratio 1.15, 95% CI 1.10–1.21). However, MRb was not an independent predictor in multivariable analysis, neither for cardiovascular mortality (adjusted HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.98–1.14) nor for total mortality (adjusted HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.96–1.07). MRpt was not a predictor of cardiovascular or total mortality. Older age, male sex, history of pulmonary edema/cardiogenic shock, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, diabetes, renal failure, liver disease, pulmonary disease, previous cancer and anemia at baseline independently predicted mortality during follow-up. All of them (but history of cancer) were also independent predictor of cardiovascular death. Conclusion Baseline MR was associated with increased cardiovascular and totality mortality following TAVR but was not an independent predictor of any of them. By contrast, several other predictors of cardiovascular and total mortality were identified. This suggests that MR should not be directly considered to establish the strategy for TAVR decision or for avoiding TAVR-related futility.

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Impact of the M184V/I Mutation on the Efficacy of Abacavir/Lamivudine/Dolutegravir Therapy in HIV Treatment-Experienced Patients

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz330 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Flaminia Olearo ◽

Huyen Nguyen ◽

Fabrice Bonnet ◽

Sabine Yerly ◽

Gilles Wandeler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Outcome ◽

Antiviral Treatment ◽

Composite Endpoint ◽

Hiv Treatment ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Prior History ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact ◽

Hiv 1

Abstract Objective The impact of the M184V/I mutation on the virological failure (VF) rate in HIV-positive patients with suppressed viremia switching to an abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir regimen has been poorly evaluated. Method This is an observational study from 5 European HIV cohorts among treatment-experienced adults with ≤50 copies/mL of HIV-1 RNA who switched to abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir. Primary outcome was the time to first VF (2 consecutive HIV-1 RNA >50 copies/mL or single HIV-1 RNA >50 copies/mL accompanied by change in antiretroviral therapy [ART]). We also analyzed a composite outcome considering the presence of VF and/or virological blips. We report also the results of an inverse probability weighting analysis on a restricted population with a prior history of VF on any ART regimen to calculate statistics standardized to the disparate sampling population. Results We included 1626 patients (median follow-up, 288.5 days; interquartile range, 154–441). Patients with a genotypically documented M184V/I mutation (n = 137) had a lower CD4 nadir and a longer history of antiviral treatment. The incidence of VF was 29.8 cases (11.2–79.4) per 1000 person-years in those with a previously documented M184V/I, and 13.6 cases (8.4–21.8) in patients without documented M184V/I. Propensity score weighting in a restricted population (n = 580) showed that M184V/I was not associated with VF or the composite endpoint (hazard ratio [HR], 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35–4.59 and HR 1.66; 95% CI, 0.81–3.43, respectively). Conclusions In ART-experienced patients switching to an abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir treatment, we observed few VFs and found no evidence for an impact of previously-acquired M184V/I mutation on this outcome. Additional analyses are required to demonstrate whether these findings will remain robust during a longer follow-up.

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Minimizing Variability in Interpretation Modality Among Spanish-Speaking Patients With Limited English Proficiency

Hispanic Health Care International ◽

10.1177/1540415319856329 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 32-39

Author(s):

Seiichi Villalona ◽

Christian Jeannot ◽

Mery Yanez Yuncosa ◽

W. Alex Webb ◽

Carol Boxtha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Limited English Proficiency ◽

English Proficiency ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Time Points ◽

Spanish Speaking ◽

History Of ◽

Vas Scores ◽

Communication Modalities ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Provider–patient language discrepancies can lead to misunderstandings about follow-up care instructions and decreased adherence to treatment that may contribute to disparities in health outcomes among patients with limited English proficiency (LEP). This observational study aimed to understand how emergency department (ED) staff went about treating patients with LEP and examine the impact of consistent interpretation modality on overall patient satisfaction and comprehension. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among Spanish-speaking patients with LEP presenting to the ED. A survey was administered at two different time points: after patients provided their history of present illness and after the patient received information regarding follow-up treatment. Results: Analysis of average visual analog scale (VAS) scores by consistency of interpretation suggested higher overall scores among participants that received care via the same communication modalities during both the history of present illness and at disposition, when compared with patients that did not. At both time points, video-based interpretation was associated with higher VAS scores in comparison to other modalities, whereas phone-based interpretation was associated with lower VAS scores. Conclusion: Providing consistent modes of interpretation to patient’s with LEP throughout their ED visits improved their overall satisfaction of care provided and understandings of discharge instructions.

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P286 Rate of colectomy in ulcerative colitis: Results from a Spanish cohort with 15 years of follow-up

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis ◽

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.415 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S295-S296

Author(s):

C Rodriguez Gutiérrez ◽

A Elosua Gonzalez ◽

C Prieto Martínez ◽

S Rubio Iturria ◽

M A Vicuña ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Natural History ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Definitive Diagnosis ◽

Biological Drugs ◽

History Of ◽

Incident Cohort ◽

The Impact ◽

Spanish Cohort

Abstract Background Knowing the natural history of ulcerative colitis (UC) is essential to understand the evolution of the disease, assess the impact of different therapeutic strategies, identify poor prognostic factors and provide patients with understandable information who help them in decision making. It has been suggested that biological drugs could modify natural history of UC and therefore decrease the rates of colectomy. In Spain, infliximab is approved for CU since 2005. Methods We performed a retrospective study that includes all patients with a definitive diagnosis (DD) of UC or Unclassifiable Colitis (UC) in the Navarra Incident Cohort (which includes all patients diagnosed between 2001 and 2003 in Navarra, Spain). Our objectives were to analyse the Colectomy Incidence Rate (CIR) from diagnosis to the end of follow-up (12-31-2017) and identify predictive factors of colectomy. Results We included 174 patients with DD of UC (42.5% E2 - 26.8% E3) and 5 of IC: 44.1 women, median age 39.2 years (7–88), median follow-up of 15.7 years. At the end of the follow-up, 8 patients underwent colectomy (CIR 3 surgeries per 100000patients-year). Timing of colectomy was: 3 at the initial diagnosis (<1 month), 2 in the first 2 years, 2 at 5 years and 1 at 12 years from diagnosis. All had previously received steroids, 5 immunomodulators and 2 biological agents. In 7 (87%) the surgery was urgent and the indication, megacolon in 3 (37.5%), severe outbreak in 3 (37.5%) and failure to medical treatment in 2 (25%). In 5 cases (62.5%), an ileoanal reservoir was made and in 3 definitive ileostomy. Conclusion In our cohort, global colectomy rates are lower than those reported in other series and occur mostly in the first 5 years of evolution.

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